TL;DR: The present new genus is closely related to Hypocreopsis Karsten, represented by H. lichenoides (Tode) Karsten and H. rhododendri Thaxter, which has Nectria-type, 1-septate and hyaline ascospores and Hypocrea- type, thin and effuse or pulvinate stromata.
Abstract: The present new genus is closely related to Hypocreopsis Karsten, represented by H. lichenoides (Tode) Karsten and H. rhododendri Thaxter. Both genera have Nectria-type, 1-septate and hyaline ascospores and Hypocrea-type (Homalocrea-type), thin and effuse or pulvinate stromata. However, Protocreopsis can be separated from Hypocreopsis by its primitive stromata, which might be called subicula. Hypocreopsis, as delimited by Thaxter (1922), has a radiately lobed, orbiculate stroma, and this type of stroma can be considered to be a peculiarly advanced type. Hypocreopsis rhododendri Thaxter is illustrated in Fig. 3, for a comparison of the characteristics of Protocreopsis and Hypocreopsis.
TL;DR: The genus Myrmaeciella is discussed and S. caraganae is redescribed in the new genus Stromatonectria, which is characterized by spheroid perithecia partly or entirely immersed in a Hypocrea-like stroma, a Nectria-like centrum and bicellular hyaline ascospores.
Abstract: Myrmaeciella caraganae was recollected in and around Vienna, Austria and found to be morphologically different generically from the type species of Myrmaeciella, M. endoleuca. We redescribe M. caraganae in the new genus Stromatonectria. Phylogenetic analyses of LSU sequences place the genus in the Bionectriaceae, Hypocreales. S. caraganae occurs on branches of Caragana spp., Colutea arborescens and Laburnum anagyroides of the Fabaceae. It is characterized by spheroid perithecia partly or entirely immersed in a Hypocrea-like stroma, a Nectria-like centrum and bicellular hyaline ascospores. Conidia of S. caraganae are produced in compound pycnidia that are formed prior to or in association with perithecia. Sporodochia but no pycnidia are formed in culture. We discuss the genus Myrmaeciella and compare S. caraganae with species of the Nectriaceae, including Nectria balansae, N. eustromatica and N. paraguayensis.