TL;DR: Telegeoinformatics Applications Non-Technical Issues Impacting on ITS Concluding Remarks Remarks The Impact and Penetration of Location-Based Services The Definition of Technologies LBSs: Definitions, Software, and Usage.
Abstract: THEORIES AND TECHNOLOGIES Telegeoinformatics: Current Trends and Future Direction Introduction Architecture Internet-Based GIS Spatial Databases Intelligent Query Analyzer (IQA) Predictive Computing Adaptation Final Remarks References Remote Sensing Introductory Concepts Remote Sensing Systems Imaging Characteristics of Remote Sensing Systems Active Microwave Remote Sensing Extraction of Thematic Information from Remotely Sensed Imagery Extraction of Metric Information from Remotely Sensed Imagery Remote Sensing in Telegeoinformatics References Positioning and Tracking Approaches and Technologies Introduction Global Positioning System Positioning Methods Based on Cellular Networks Other Positioning and Tracking Techniques: An Overview Hybrid Systems Summary References Wireless Communications Introduction Overview of Wireless Systems Radio Propagation and Physical Layer Issues Medium Access in Wireless Networks Network Planning, Design and Deployment Wireless Network Operations Conclusions and the Future References INTEGRATED DATA AND TECHNOLOGIES Chapter Five: Location-Based Computing Introduction LBC Infrastructure Location-Based Interoperability Location-Based Data Management Adaptive Location-Based Computing Location-Based Routing as Adaptive LBC Concluding Remarks References Location-Based Services Introduction Types of Location-Based Services What is Unique About Location-Based Services? Enabling Technologies Market for Location-Based Services Importance of Architecture and Standards Example Location-Based Services: J-Phone J-Navi (Japan) Conclusions References Wearable Tele-Informatic Systems for Personal Imaging Introduction Humanistic Intelligence as a Basis for Intelligent Image Processing Humanistic Intelligence 'WEARCOMP' as a Means of Realizing Humanistic Intelligence Where on the Body Should a Visual Tele-Informatic Device be Placed? Telepointer: Wearable Hands-Free Completely Self Contained Visual Augmented Reality Without Headwear and Without any Infrastructural Reliance Portable Personal Pulse Doppler Radar Vision System When Both the Camera and Display are Headword: Personal Imaging and Mediated Reality Personal Imaging for Location-Based Services Reality Window Manager (RWM) Personal Telegeoinformatics: Blocking Spam with a Photonic Filter Conclusion References Mobile Augmented Reality Introduction MARS: Promises, Applications, and Challenges Components and Requirements MARS UI Concepts Conclusions Acknowledgements References APPLICATIONS Emergency Response Systems Overview of Emergency Response Systems State-of-the-Art ERSs Examples of Developing ERSs for Earthquakes and Other Disasters Future Aspects of Emergency Response Systems Concluding Remarks References Location-Based Computing for Infrastructure Field Tasks Introduction LBC-Infra Concept Technological Components of LBC-Infra General Requirements of LBC-Infra Interaction Patterns and Framework of LBC-Infra Prototype System and Case Study Conclusions References The Role of Telegeoinformatics in ITS Introduction to Intelligent Tranaportation Systems Telegeoinformatics Within ITS The Role of Positioning Systems In ITS Geospatial Data for ITS Communication Systems in ITS ITS-Telegeoinformatics Applications Non-Technical Issues Impacting on ITS Concluding Remarks Remarks The Impact and Penetration of Location-Based Services The Definition of Technologies LBSs: Definitions, Software, and Usage The Market for LBSs: A Model of the Development of LBSs Penetration of Mobile Devices: Predictions of Future Markets Impacts of LBSs on Geographical Locations Conclusions References
TL;DR: When a wearable computer functions in a successful embodiment of HI, the computer uses the human's mind and body as one of its peripherals, just as the human uses the computer as a peripheral.
Abstract: Over the past 20 years, wearable computing has emerged as the perfect tool for embodying humanistic intelligence (HI). HI is intelligence that arises when a human is part of the feedback loop of a computational process in which the human and computer are inextricably intertwined. It is common in the field of human-computer interaction to think of the human and computer as separate entities. (indeed, the term "HCI" emphasizes this separateness by treating the human and computer as different entities that interact.) However, in HI theory, we prefer not to think of the wearer and the computer with its associated I/O apparatus as separate entities. Instead, we regard the computer as a second brain and its sensory modalities as additional senses, in which synthetic synesthesia merges with the wearer's senses. When a wearable computer functions in a successful embodiment of HI, the computer uses the human's mind and body as one of its peripherals, just as the human uses the computer as a peripheral. This reciprocal relationship is at the heart of HI.
TL;DR: This chapter is on personal imaging applications of HI, to take a first step toward an intelligent wearable camera system that can allow us to effortlessly capture the authors' day-to-day experiences, help us remember and see better, provide us with personal safety through crime reduction, and facilitate new forms of communication through collective connected HI.
Abstract: Humanistic Intelligence (HI) is proposed as a new signal processing framework in which the processing apparatus is inextricably intertwined with the natural capabilities of our human body and mind. Rather than trying to emulate human intelligence, HI recognizes that the human brain is perhaps the best neural network of its kind, and that there are many new signal processing applications, within the domain of personal cybernetics, that can make use of this excellent but often overlooked processor. The emphasis of this chapter is on personal imaging applications of HI, to take a first step toward an intelligent wearable camera system that can allow us to effortlessly capture our day-to-day experiences, help us remember and see better, provide us with personal safety through crime reduction, and facilitate new forms of communication through collective connected HI. The wearable signal processing hardware, which began as a. cumbersome backpack-based photographic apparatus of the 1970s, and evolved into a. clothing-based apparatus in the early 1980s, currently provides the computational power of a UNIX workstation concealed within ordinary-looking eyeglasses and clothing. Thus it may be worn continuously during all facets of ordinary day-to-day living, so that, through long-term adaptation, it begins to function as a true extension of the mind and body.
TL;DR: Personal Cybernetics and Humanistic Intelligence form a basis for augmenting, deliberately diminishing, or otherwise mediating the visual perception of reality in mediated reality systems based on current technology.
Abstract: Personal Cybernetics and Humanistic Intelligence are new and rapidly growing fields of research in the area of human-computer interaction. These areas of research involve personal wearable imaging devices with intelligence that arises from the existence of a human user in the feedback loop of a computational process, in which the human user and the computational process are inextricably intertwined. Unlike the typical goal of Artificial Intelligence (AI), which is to emulate human intelligence with computers, Humanistic Intelligence (HI) creates a close synergy in which Intelligent Signal Processing is used to harness the processing power of the human brain. HI gives rise to a symbiosis between human and computer in which each uses the other within a closely coupled signal processing feedback loop. The computer performs basic low-level signal processing functions, using data obtained from a first person perspective (wearable camera, microphones, miniature wearable radar, biosensors, etc.), while the human performs high-level cognitive tasks, providing a computationally “mediated reality.” Personal Cybernetics and HI form a basis for augmenting, deliberately diminishing, or otherwise mediating the visual perception of reality. Although the visual modality is most often used in mediated reality systems based on current technology, other modalities such as touch, taste, and olfaction may be mediated as well. In the visual domain, a system that can augment, diminish, or otherwise alter the visual perception of reality is called a “Reality Mediator” (RM). By way of explanation, “virtual reality” creates a completely computer-generated environment, “augmented reality” uses an existing, real-life environment, and adds computer-generated information (virtual objects) thereto, “diminished reality” filters the environment (i.e., it alters real objects, replaces them with virtual ones, or renders them imperceptible), and mediated reality combines augmented and dimin
TL;DR: This article introduces an important concept: Transparency by way of Humanistic Intelligence as a human right, and in particular, Big/Little Data and Sur/Sous Veillance, where “Little Data’ is to sousveillance (undersight) as “Big Data” is to surveillance (oversight).
Abstract: This article introduces an important concept: Transparency by way of Humanistic Intelligence as a human right, and in particular, Big/Little Data and Sur/Sous Veillance, where “Little Data” is to s...