TL;DR: In this article, the Navier-Stokes equations with Boussinesq approximation were solved for a typical fluid with Pr = 0.71, 0.53 X 104, and a wide eccentricity range.
Abstract: The fluid dynamic and thermal fields in a two-dimensional annulus between horizontally eccentric cylinders ( Ro/ Rin = 2.36) are numerically studied in laminar steady conditions. The Navier-Stokes equations with Boussinesq approximation are solved for a typical fluid with Pr = 0.71, 0.53 X 104 ≤ RaL ≤ 8.27 X 104, and a wide eccentricity range ( 0 ≤ e < 1 ). The governing equations are written in primitive variable form to avoid the enforcement of the additional integral condition for the pressure single valuedness. The horizontal eccentricity of the inner cylinder gives, in contrast with known numerical results, a nonzero azimuthal flow rate in the channel between the two cylinders and substantially alters the thermal field and the geometry of the plume. Comparisons with available numerical and experimental results for concentric and horizontally eccentric configurations are presented and discussed.
TL;DR: Taking a functional estimate of the displacement into account, the number of ganglion cells appeared to be large enough to uphold an "effective" distribution that obeys the same proportional relationship to MAR that previously has been demonstrated outside 10 deg.
TL;DR: In this article, the horizontal-vertical illusion was studied as a function of retinal eccentricity, and it was found that the relation of illusion magnitude to vertical eccentricity is described by a U-shaped function with large amounts of reversed illusion for the more eccentric positions.
Abstract: The horizontal-vertical illusion was studied as a function of retinal eccentricity. It was found that the relation of illusion magnitude to vertical eccentricity is described by a U-shaped function with large amounts of reversed illusion for the more eccentric positions. Substantial effects due to horizontal eccentricity were also obtained, but these were not consistent across subjects. It is suggested that the flattening of the peripheral zones of the refracting surfaces of the eye may be involved in the variation of the illusion with retinal position, and that the astigmatic properties of the central portions of these surfaces may be a prime factor in the usual horizontal-vertical illusion.
TL;DR: In this paper, thermal field and heat transfer in a two-dimensional annulus between horizontally eccentric cylinders was investigated by means of optical techniques, for 1.07×104≤RaL ≤ 8.27×104 and a wide eccentricity range.
Abstract: This paper presents new experimental results on thermal field and heat transfer in a two-dimensional annulus between horizontally eccentric cylinders. The study is conducted by means of optical techniques, for 1.07×104≤Ra
L≤8.27×104 and a wide eccentricity range. The horizontal eccentricity of the inner cylinder substantially alters the thermal field and the geometry of the plume, but, in analogy to the behaviour for vertical eccentricity, the average Nu is slightly affected in the investigated range of eccentricity. The concentric geometry is also considered mainly to validate the experimental technique and evaluate the accuracy of the adopted methodology by comparison with available results. Both shearing interferometer and reference beam interferometer are obtained by means of Wollaston prisms with appropriate splitting angles, so that the temperature and local Nu distributions may be evaluated quantitatively from the original pictures via digital image processing.
TL;DR: In this article, a method for the generation of a number of elliptical images on a raster scan video display screen by storing information indicative of a predetermined model image and for each elliptical image to be displayed, storing data indicative of the vertical and horizontal eccentricity of each image, and its display location.
Abstract: A method and apparatus provides for the generation of a number of elliptical images on a raster scan video display screen by storing information indicative of a predetermined model image, and for each elliptical image to be displayed, storing data indicative of the vertical and horizontal eccentricity of each image, and its display location. During display time, the vertical eccentricity, horizontal eccentricity, and display location binary information for each elliptical is accessed and used to sequentially read selected portions of the model image information to produce therefrom address signals indicative of the location of individual horizontal display elements that make up the desired elliptical image. The address signals are applied to a random access memory to store marker information indicative of the elliptical image at memory locations corresponding to the position on the display screen that the image will take. The random access memory is sequentially scanned in synchronism with the scan of the electron beam used to form the raster, converted to video information and displayed.