TL;DR: Six species of cichlid fishes, two artificial hybrids, and an artificial hybrid, the 'blood parrot', are recorded from Singapore based on single or few specimens.
Abstract: Six species of cichlid fishes: Apistogramma borellii, Astronotus ocellatus, Cichla temensis, Herichthys carpintis, Maylandia estherae, and Pterophyllum scalare, and an artificial hybrid, the 'blood parrot', are recorded from Singapore based on single or few specimens. They are believed to be discarded pets or escapees, and there is as yet no evidence of them having established self-sustaining populations in Singapore's waterways.
TL;DR: It is suggested that cytochrome B gene is useful for genetic identification of cichlid species, such as from Tamaulipas, which support the previously found results.
Abstract: The aim of the present work was to perform a genetic verification of Herichthys species and assess their phylogenetic relationship by Cytochrome B gene resequencing in two sampling sites from Tamaulipas. Samples from Panal river in Playa Tepehuajes, Soto la Marina and samples from Carrizal river in Aldama were included. The complete sequences were analyzed with bioinformatics tools and the genetic similarity showed that Aldama samples resembled Herichthys carpintis species (> 99%) and Tepehuajes samples were confirmed as Herichthys cyanoguttatus. The assessed phylogenetic trees for genetic distance comparison among current samples and other cichlids species support the previously found results. This study suggest that cytochrome B gene is useful for genetic identification of cichlid species, such as from Tamaulipas.