Graphium antiphates

Abstract: Betung Kerihun-Danau Sentarum National Park in Kapuas Hulu District has a highest biodiversity on plant, animal and insect. One of the interesting insect is butterfly. Butterfly has an important function for indicator of the health of environment. The purpose of research is to identify the butterfly in DAS Mendalam region in Betung Kerihun-Danau Sentarum National Park. The location of research was in Mentibat river and Pari river. Methodology of research used exploration method which combined with transects method. Area of research consists of aquatic and terrestrial. The length of transect was 1 Km with observation area 5 m both on left and right side. Exploration the biodiversity of butterfly was conducted in the morning from 06.00-09.00 wib and in the afternoon from 15.00-17.00 wib. Result of the research showed that 22 species of butterfly was found, consist of 4 families and total individual was 298 butterflies. The families consist of Lycanidae , Nymphalidae , Papilionidae , and Pieridae . Mentibat River has a highest diversity of butterfly than Pari River. 16 species was found in Mentibat River, consist of Jamides pura , Charaxea affinia , Euplea rhadamanthus , Euripus nyctelius , Idea stolli , Polyura athatmas , Graphium arycles , Graphium doson , Graphium antiphates , Papilio memnon , Trogonoptera brookiana , Troides amphtysus , Appias lycinida , Eurema hecabe , Hebomia glaucipe , Ixias undatus . Total individual found was 200 butterflies. The value of Dominance Index was 0.10; Diversity Index was 1.09; Abundance Index was 180.55; Species Richness Index was 6.52 and Similarity Index was 0.42. Meanwhile in Pari River was found 14 species of butterflies consist of Jamides pura , Chersonesia rahria , Cupha erymanthis , Moduza procris , Polyura athatmas , Graphium sarpedon , Graphium antiphates , Papilio memnon , Appias lycinida , Eurema hecabe , Eurema sari , Hebomia glaucipe , Ixias undatus , and Pareronta valeria . The value of Dominance Index was 0.09; Diversity Index was 1.09; Abundance Index was 93.21; Species Richness Index was 6.53 and Similarity Index was 0.42 and the total individual found was 98 butterflies. The environment in Betung Kerihun-Danau Sentarum National Park was convenient to butterfly. The result of research givinginformation about the biodiversity of butterfly in Betung Kerihun-Danau Sentarum National Park for the conservation management in this area. Keywords: Betung Kerihun Danau Sentarum National Park, biodiversity, butterfly, Lycanidae , Nymphalidae , Papilionidae , Pieridae

Abstract: There are 1,615 species and sub species of butterflies in the entire Philippines (C.R Baltazar, 1991), LUBG San Fernando La Union has 104 species recorded they belong to 6 families and 66 genera(Nacua et al2015).In Manila,Nacua (2016) 22 species of butterflies belong to 6 families 17 genera were also recorded. Thisstudyseeks to determine the species composition, conservation status, richness and abundance of butterflies in the town of Bulusukan, a community in San Ildefonso, Bulacan province (Luzon Island, Philippines). The opportunistic transect sampling method was used to collect butterflies. Collection was done at daytime on August 6, 2016 from 8 am up to 5 pm in areas with GPS of 15°04'26.0652"northand 121°02'39.9588"east near the vicinity of Bulusukan Cave.Species richness and butterfly diversity in all areas sampled was calculated. A dendogram showing 75% species abundance was accounted and comes mostly from the secondary dipterocarp forest. Graphium antiphates Cramer, Ypthima semperaand Ptychandra lorquini-lorquini were found to be endemic to Bulusukan. Butterflies were observed to be attracted to shady forest areas consisting of mosses clinging on metamorphic rocks along a river and includes species from the families Nymphalidae and Papilionidae. This study was able to identify 21 butterfly species with 19 genera 2 of them are rare and 2 endemic species of butterflies in Bulusukan. It is recommended to continue further study for wet and dry season.