Topic
Global Volcanism Program
About: Global Volcanism Program is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 24 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1942 citations. The topic is also known as: GVP.
Papers
Book•
9 Feb 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a Chronology of large-volume Holocene Eruptions Fatalities and Evacuations Preliminary List of Pleistocene Volcanoes Preliminary list of Large-Volume Pleistogenic Eruption Gazetteer References VOLCANO DATA Volcano Name Subregion Latitude and Longitude Elevation Population Rock Type Type (Morphology) Volcano Number Status ERUPTION DATA Area of Activity Dates: Start and Stop Uncertainties Dating Techniques Duration Eruptive Characteristics Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) Volume of Products (Vol
Abstract: Preface DATA CRITERIA AND CONTEXT INTRODUCTION Previous Summaries Sources Years Covered Maps and Regional Numbering Scheme DATA TABLE SUMMARIES Directory Chronology Large-Volume Holocene Eruptions Fatalities and Evacuations Preliminary List of Pleistocene Volcanoes Preliminary List of Large-Volume Pleistocene Eruptions Gazetteer References VOLCANO DATA Volcano Name Subregion Latitude and Longitude Elevation Population Rock Type Type (Morphology) Volcano Number Status ERUPTION DATA Area of Activity Dates: Start and Stop Uncertainties Dating Techniques Duration Eruptive Characteristics Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) Volume of Products (Vol L/T) HISTORICAL RECORD: TRENDS AND CAUTIONS Volcanoes and Humans Volcanoes and Aircraft Volcanic Processes Volcanism: Magnitude, Frequency, and Global Impacts Durations and Paroyxyms Episodicity and Periodicity Intervals between Eruptions and Associated Hazard Implications Conclusions References DIRECTORY OF VOLCANOES Europe to Caucasus (01) Africa & Red Sea (02) Middle East & Indian Ocean (03) New Zealand to Fiji (04) Melanesia & Australia (05) Indonesia & Andaman Is (06) Philippines & SE Asia (07) Japan, Taiwan & Marianas (08) Kuriles, Kamchatka & Mainland Asia (09 &10) Alaska (11) Canada & Western USA (12) Pacific Ocean (13) Mexico & Central America (14) South America (15) West Indies (16) Iceland & Arctic Ocean (17) Atlantic Ocean (18) Antarctica & S Sandwich Islands (19) CHRONOLOGY OF ERUPTIONS LARGE-VOLUME HOLOCENE ERUPTIONS Explosive Eruptions Effusive Eruptions FATALITIES AND EVACUATIONS Fatalities Evacuations PRELIMINARY LIST Of PLEISTOCENE VOLCANOES PRELIMINARY LIST Of LARGE-VOLUME PLEISTOCENE ERUPTIONS COLOR PHOTO SECTION GAZETTER REFERENCES
1,265 citations
1 Jan 2013
375 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a global database on the subaerial morphometry of composite volcanic edifices using data extracted from the 90m resolution Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) digital elevation model (DEM).
Abstract: We present a global database on the subaerial morphometry of composite volcanoes. Data was extracted from the 90-m resolution Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) digital elevation model (DEM). The 759 volcanoes included in the database are the composite (i.e., polygenetic) volcanoes listed in the Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program (GVP) database that are covered by the SRTM DEM, have a constructional topography and a basal width larger than 2 km. The extent of each volcano edifice was defined using the NETVOLC algorithm, which computes outlines by minimizing a cost function based on breaks in slope around the edifices. Morphometric parameters were then calculated using the MORVOLC algorithm. The parameters characterize and quantify volcano size (basal width, summit width, height, and volume), profile shape (height/basal width and summit width/basal width ratios), plan shape (ellipticity and irregularity indexes), and slopes. In addition, 104 well-defined and relatively large summit craters/calderas were manually delineated and specific parameters were computed. Most parameters show large variation without clear separations, indicating a continuum of volcano morphologies. Large overlap between the main GVP morphologic types highlights the need for a more rigorous quantitative classification of volcano morphology. The database will be maintained and updated through a website under construction.
115 citations
Cornell University1, United States Geological Survey2, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris3, Michigan Technological University4, Smithsonian Institution5, University of Leeds6, University of Washington7, UNAVCO8, California Institute of Technology9, University of Hawaii at Manoa10, University of Bristol11, University of Alaska Fairbanks12, Pennsylvania State University13, British Geological Survey14
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of multi-satellite time-series on a regional scale provides information regarding volcanic behavior during, non−, pre−, syn− and post−eruptive periods.
Abstract: Volcanoes are hazardous to local and global populations, but only a fraction are continuously monitored by ground‐based sensors. For example, in Latin America, more than 60% of Holocene volcanoes are unmonitored, meaning long‐term multi‐parameter datasets of volcanic activity are rare and sparse. We use satellite observations of degassing, thermal anomalies, and surface deformation spanning 17 years at 47 of the most active volcanoes in Latin America, and compare these datasets to ground‐based observations archived by the Global Volcanism Program (GVP). This first comparison of multi‐satellite time‐series on a regional scale provides information regarding volcanic behavior during, non‐, pre‐, syn‐ and post‐eruptive periods. For example, at Copahue volcano, deviations from background activity in all three types of satellite measurements were manifested months to years in advance of renewed eruptive activity in 2012. By quantifying the amount of degassing, thermal output, and deformation measured at each of these volcanoes, we test the classification of these volcanoes as open or closed volcanic systems. We find that ~28% of the volcanoes do not fall into either classification and the rest show elements of both, demonstrating a dynamic range of behavior that can change over time. Finally, we recommend how volcano monitoring could be improved through better coordination of available satellite‐based capabilities and new instruments.
94 citations
1 Jan 2015
TL;DR: The Volcanoes of the World database (version 4.1) maintained by Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program, documents more than 10,000 Holocene eruptions, yet only six eruptions account for more than half of the total quantified fatalities.
Abstract: Approximately 1,550 subaerial volcanoes in the world today are thought to have erupted in the last 10,000 years, and thousands more volcanoes ring the seafloor. These active volcanoes mainly occur in curvilinear belts that define tectonic plate boundaries. Hundreds of millions of people live on the flanks of active volcanoes and could suffer the acute affects of even a moderate-sized eruption. Island arc nations such as Indonesia, the Philippines, and Japan host the largest populations within 100 km of an active volcano; Indonesia prompts further distinction as having the most explosive eruptions on record as well as the greatest number of eruption-related fatalities. The Volcanoes of the World database (version 4.1) maintained by Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program, documents more than 10,000 Holocene eruptions, yet only six eruptions account for more than half of the total quantified fatalities. The assembled data bring into relief large gaps in our understanding of the risks posed by volcanoes and the need for more research into volcanic hazards, risks, and timescales.
23 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
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| 2020 | 1 |
| 2019 | 1 |
| 2017 | 1 |
| 2016 | 1 |
| 2015 | 1 |
| 2014 | 2 |