TL;DR: The attraction of some bark‐ and ambrosia beetles as well as associated beetles to the host volatiles α‐pinene and ethanol was studied in field tests with flight barrier traps on the basis of species differences in preference for breeding substrate.
Abstract: The attraction of some bark- and ambrosia beetles as well as associated beetles to the host volatiles α-pinene and ethanol was studied in field tests with flight barrier traps. Tomicus piniperda (L.) (Scolytidae), Thanasimus formicarius (L.) (Cleridae), and Rhizophagus ferrugineus (Payk.) (Rhizophagidae) were attracted by α-pinene, while Hylurgops palliatus (Gyll.) and Trypodendron lineatum (Oliv.) (Scolytidae) were attracted by ethanol and Epuraea spp. (Nitidulidae) by both α-pinene and ethanol. Combinations of α-pinene and ethanol attracted high numbers of H. palliatus, T. lineatum, R. ferrugineus, Epuraea spp., and Glischrochilus spp. (Nitidulidae) and the catches increased with increasing release rates of ethanol. By contrast, lower numbers of T. piniperda were caught in traps baited with combinations of α-pinene and ethanol than in traps baited with α-pinene alone, and the catches of this species decreased with increasing release rates of ethanol. Traps baited with a combination of α-pinene and ethanol or with α-pinene alone caught similar numbers of T. formicarius. The results are discussed on the basis of species differences in preference for breeding substrate.
TL;DR: Nitidulids are primary vectors of the oak wilt pathogen, Ceratocystis fagacearum (Bretz) Hunt, in the north-central United States and are more abundant on immature mats than on mature mats.
Abstract: Nitidulids are primary vectors of the oak wilt pathogen, Ceratocystis fagacearum (Bretz) Hunt, in the north-central United States. Species of adult nitidulids associated with different ages of oak wilt fungus mats on red oaks (Quercus rubra L. and Quercus ellipsoidalis E.J. Hill) during spring in east-central Minnesota were determined. The exoskeletal surfaces of representative specimens were assayed for the presence and abundance of the pathogen. Six species comprised 94% of 2542 adults, representing at least 12 species, collected between 1994 and 1996. Of these six species, Colopterus truncatus Randall and Epuraea corticina Erichson were the most abundant ones on immature mats (94% of 154 nitidulids). They were also more abundant than the other species on mature mats (77% of 868 nitidulids). Carpophilus sayi Parsons was the most common species (28% of 1134 nitidulids) on aging mats, while Carpophilus sayi and three Glischrochilus species (Glischrochilus sanguinolentus (Oliv.), Glischrochilus fasciatus (...
TL;DR: The seasonal activity of Coleoptera was studied using fermental crown traps in five forest biotopes in the territory of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve and a significant part of the identified taxa can be attributed to saproxylic beetles.
Abstract: The seasonal activity of Coleoptera was studied using fermental crown traps. The study was conducted from April to October 2019 in five forest biotopes (aspen, lime, pine, birch and oak) in the territory of the Mordovia State Nature Reserve (Russia, Republic of Mordovia). Eighty-three species are found from 31 families. Cerambycidae (13 species), Nitidulidae (11 species) and Curculionidae (9 species) had the greatest species diversity. A significant part of the identified taxa (57 species from 23 families) can be attributed to saproxylic beetles. The peak abundance of Coleoptera in four biotopes (aspen, lime, pine and birch forests) was in mid-May; in an oak forest, it was at the beginning of June. Seven species seasonal activity was monitored (Cryptarcha strigata, Glischrochilus hortensis, Glischrochilus grandis, Cychramus luteus, Soronia grisea, Protaetia marmorata and Anisandrus dispar).
TL;DR: During the growing season of 1951 observations were made on the biology of the four-spotted fungus beetle, Glischrochilus q.
Abstract: During the growing season of 1951 observations were made on the biology of the four-spotted fungus beetle, Glischrochilus q. quadringnatus (Say). Overwintering sites, emergence, mating, oviposition and larval habitats were observed. Simultaneous population estimates of adult beetles and of larvae of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubn.), were made in early sweet corn.
Adult beetles of the first generation emerged and moved to corn fields coincident with the beginning of stalk invasion by half-grown borer larvae, Beetles congregated in borer tunnels and exerted a reductive effect on borer populations. This reduction was estimated at 17% of those larvae reaching the third instar or about 8% of the initial population. This reduction is believed to be caused by mechanical injury with subsequent direct attack on weakened or moribund larvae. Other species of the genus Glischrochilus have been reported as predators on eggs and larvae of various bark beetles in England and in the United States.
TL;DR: Experiments by help of olfactometres showed the females of M. piniperda excreting a pheromon which attracts males and females of the species, which is intensified by odorous substances excreted by the pine bark.
Abstract: A new pheromon excreted by the Pine-bark beetle, Myelophilus piniperda L. (Col., Scolytidae). Experiments by help of olfactometres showed the females of M. piniperda excreting a pheromon which attracts males and females of the species. The effect of this pheromon is intensified by odorous substances excreted by the pine bark. The females of M. piniperda produce the hole of entrance and following the mating room in the bark. Then they send out their pheromon. Some species of predators (Glischrochilus quadripustulatus L., Thanasimus formicarius L. a.o.) are attracted by the pheromon too.