Ganoderic acid

Abstract: Two new lanostane-type triterpenes, lucidumol A and ganoderic acid beta, were isolated from the spores of Ganoderma (G) lucidum, together with a new natural one and seven that were known The structures of the new triterpenes were determined as (24S)-24,25-dihydroxylanost-8-ene-3,7-dione and 3 beta,7 beta-dihydroxy-11,15-dioxolanosta-8,24(E)-dien-26-oic acid, respectively, by chemical and spectroscopic means The quantitative analyses of 5 fruiting bodies, antlered form and spores of G lucidum were performed by high performance liquid chromatography and demonstrated that ganoderic alcohol and acid contents were quite high in the spore Of the compound isolated, ganoderic acid beta, (24S)-lanosta-7,9(11)-diene-3 beta,24,25-triol (called lucidumol B), ganodermanondiol, ganodermanontriol and ganolucidic acid A showed significant anti-human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV)-1 protease activity with IC50 values of 20-90 microM

Abstract: Six new highly oxygenated lanostane-type triterpenes, called ganoderic acid gamma (1), ganoderic acid delta (2), ganoderic acid epsilon (3), ganoderic acid zeta (4), ganoderic acid eta (5) and ganoderic acid theta (6), were isolated from the spores of Ganoderma lucidum, together with known ganolucidic acid D (7) and ganoderic acid C2 (8). Their structures of the new triterpenes were determined as (23S)-7beta,15alpha,23-trihydroxy-3,11-dioxolanosta-8, 24(E)-diene-26-oic acid (1), (23S)-7alpha,15alpha23-trihydroxy-3,11-dioxolanosta-8, 24(E)-diene-26-oic acid (2), (23S)-3beta3,7beta, 23-trihydroxy-11,15-dioxolanosta-8,24(E)-diene-26-oic acid (3), (23S)-3beta,23-dihydroxy-7,11,15-trioxolanosta-8, 24(E)-diene-26-oic acid (4), (23S)-3beta,7beta,12beta,23-tetrahydroxy-11,15-dioxolanos ta-8,24(E)-diene-26-oic acid (5) and (23S)-3beta,12beta23-trihydroxy-7,11,15-trioxolanosta-8,24(E )-diene-26-oic acid (6), respectively, by chemical and spectroscopic means, which included the determination of a chiral center in the side chain by a modification of Mosher's method. The cytotoxicity of the compounds isolated from the Ganoderma spores was carried out in vitro against Meth-A and LLC tumor cell lines.

Abstract: A series of lanostane-type triterpene acids, including eleven lucidenic acids (3, 4, 9, 10, 13-19) and six ganoderic acids (20-22, 24, 26, 27), as well as six sterols (28-33), all isolated from the fruiting bodies of the fungus Ganoderma lucidum, were examined for their inhibitory effects on the induction of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in Raji cells, a known primary screening test for anti-tumor promoters. All of the compounds tested, except for ganolactone (27) and three sterols (29-31), showed potent inhibitory effects on EBV-EA induction, with IC(50) values of 235-370 mol ratio/32 pmol TPA. In addition, nine lucidenic acids (1, 2, 5-8, 11, 12, 18) and four ganoderic acids (20, 23-25) were found to inhibit TPA-induced inflammation (1 microg/ear) in mice, with ID(50) values of 0.07-0.39 mg per ear. Further, 20-hydroxylucidenic acid N (18) exhibited inhibitory effects on skin-tumor promotion in an in vivo two-stage mouse-skin carcinogenesis test based on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) as initiator, and with TPA as promoter.