TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined patterns of reproductive parameters found among gammaridean amphipod crustaceans and found significant positive correlations were found in pairwise comparisons of brood size, egg size, minimum size of reproductive females, and mean size.
Abstract: Patterns of reproductive parameters found among the gammaridean amphipod crustaceans were examined quantitatively. Highly significant positive correlations were found in pairwise comparisons of brood size, egg size, minimum size of reproductive females, and mean size of reproductive females. Significantly higher values of minimum and mean size of reproductive females and brood size were found for comparisons of: 1) winter versus summer populations of the same amphipod species, 2) brackish-water versus freshwater and marine species, 3) species of the family Gammaridae versus the families AmpeUscidae and Haustoriidae, 4) single-brooded versus multiple-brooded species (brood size only), and 5) infaunal versus epifaunal species. Reproductive patterns appear to be more specific within amphipod family groupings than is true for some other organisms, potentially because of the habitat Specificity of the gammaridean families examined.
TL;DR: The strong invasion of gammarids which occurred in the last decades in the Yenisei river should not result in a decrease in potential yield of essential PUFA in the ecosystem and corresponding decrease in food resource quality for fish in respect to PUFA content.
Abstract: The composition and content of fatty acids (FAs) in total lipids, triacylglycerols (TAG) and polar lipids (PL) in dominant groups of benthic invertebrates: gammarids (Gammaridae, Amphipoda), chironomid larvae (Chironomidae, Diptera), caddisfly larvae (Trichoptera) and mayfly larvae (Ephemeroptera) were studied in the Yenisei river. For the first time data on the FA composition of species belonging to Trichoptera (Insecta) are presented. The groups of aquatic insect larvae and gammarids weakly differed in total content of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Hence, the strong invasion of gammarids which occurred in the last decades in the Yenisei river should not result in a decrease in potential yield of essential PUFA in the ecosystem and corresponding decrease in food resource quality for fish in respect to PUFA content. Significant differences in biomarker FAs in TAG were found which correlated to specific food sources. Different levels of long-chain PUFA in PL of the invertebrates are discussed in relation to the genetic ability of particular taxa to form these FAs.
TL;DR: The first analysis of the family evolution in light of its phylogeny concluded that Protective dorsal pleonal projections occur scattered across the family and beyond, whereas lateral projections were limited to species of ancient lakes, so both structures were polyphyletic.
TL;DR: The phylogenetic results revealed that the Gammaridae originated from the Tethyan region in the Cretaceous, and split into three morphologically and geographically distinct lineages by the end of the Paleocene, suggesting that environmental changes have played an important role in the diversification of Gammar family lineages.
TL;DR: Three new species of the family Gammaridae-Gammarus troglomorphus, G. parvioculatus, sp.
Abstract: Three new species of the family Gammaridae-Gammarus troglomorphus, sp. n., G. parvioculatus, sp. n. from Lebap Province of Turkmenistan and Tadzocrangonyx alaicus, sp. n. from Batken Region of Kyrgyzstan are described and illustrated. Morphological studies of a closely related Turkmenistan population of G. cf. subaequalis-Garlyk, probably conspecific with Gammarus subaequalis Martynov, 1935 was provided. The affinity of new species to concerned taxa is discussed. To define phylogenetic position of mentioned species DNA barcode data are obtained. Gammarus troglomorphus and G. parvioculatus are close neighbors but exceedingly different morphologically. Gammarus troglomorphus is a troglobiont; G. parvioculatus is an eutroglophile, but with exception of slightly smaller eyes, not troglomorph. Both found only within small areas in the extreme East of Turkmenistan. Gammarus cf. subaequalis-Garlyk seems to extend from the same region far into the eastern Kyrgyzstan.