Abstract: Material properties of soft soils.- Constitutive soil models and soil parameters.- Supported excavations in soft soil deposits.- Shallow foundations on soft soils.- Pile foundation.- Soil stabilisation with column-like elements.

Abstract: An investigation is presented of the collapse of a 630 m segment (Fukae section) of the elevated Hanshin Expressway during the 1995 Kobe earthquake. The earthquake has, from a geotechnical viewpoint, been associated with extensive liquefactions, lateral soil spreading, and damage to waterfront structures. Evidence is presented that soil–structure interaction (SSI) in non-liquefied ground played a detrimental role in the seismic performance of this major structure. The bridge consisted of single circular concrete piers monolithically connected to a concrete deck, founded on groups of 17 piles in layers of loose to dense sands and moderate to stiff clays. There were 18 spans in total, all of which suffered a spectacular pier failure and transverse overturning. Several factors associated with poor structural design have already been identified. The scope of this work is to extend the previous studies by investigating the role of soil in the collapse. The following issues are examined: (1) seismological and geotechnical information pertaining to the site; (2) free-field soil response; (3) response of foundation-superstructure system; (4) evaluation of results against earlier studies that did not consider SSI. Results indicate that the role of soil in the collapse was multiple: First, it modified the bedrock motion so that the frequency content of the resulting surface motion became disadvantageous for the particular structure. Second, the compliance of soil and foundation altered the vibrational characteristics of the bridge and moved it to a region of stronger response. Third, the compliance of the foundation increased the participation of the fundamental mode of the structure, inducing stronger response. It is shown that the increase in inelastic seismic demand in the piers may have exceeded 100% in comparison with piers fixed at the base. These conclusions contradict a widespread view of an always-beneficial role of seismic SSI. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Abstract: Micropiles have been used for many applications, including underpinning existing foundations to support structures subjected to additional loads, such as stories added to buildings. A field study w...

Abstract: Proceedings of GeoCongress 2006: Geptechnical Engineering in the Information Technology Age, held in Atlanta, Georgia, February 26-March 1, 2006. Sponsored by the Geo-Institute of the ASCE. This Geotechnical Special Publication contains 287 papers that showcase recent advancements in all geo-applications as a result of the adoption of information technologies, and explore future opportunities for the geo-industry. The adoption and integration of information technologies in practice and academia has had significant impact on all aspects of the field of geotechnical engineering including field characterization, laboratory characterization, numerical simulation, data management, subsurface visualization and geotechnical education. Topics include: sensing methods and devices; measurement of soil properties; advanced sensing and monitoring techniques for earthwork QA/QC; applications of X-ray computed tomography; sensing and data management tools for pavement systems; monitoring and control of deep foundation construction; innovations in retaining structure construction; soil structure?contact and interaction; analysis and uncertainty in wave testing; geostatistics: applications and visualizations; data management standards; data management systems and applications; GIS based site characterization and geohazard analysis; neural networks modeling for geotechnical systems; uncertainty in probabilistic seismic hazard analysis; numerical modeling and analysis: soil and rock behavior; modeling and control of deep foundation construction; large scale computations and simulations; probabilistic modeling and design; multi-scale earthquake modeling; blast effects on below-grade walls and underground structures; modeling of complex deep foundation systems; engineered earth structures; numerical modeling and analysis for pavement systems; earth retaining structures: intelligent design; modeling and characterization of deep soil cement; modeling of soil improvement; simulations for education and training; imaging based quantification; and 3-D visualization.

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Abstract: The dynamic inelastic response and failure prediction of pipelines under lateral mass impact at the mid-span position are presented in this article. A total of 52 impact tests were carried out on seamless mild steel pipes with different internal pressure levels and foundation supports. Critical initial impact energies were obtained for each group of pipe specimens with different internal pressure levels and foundation supports.Numerical simulations of the experimental tests were carried out using three-dimensional dynamic non-linear finite element analysis, where both geometrical and material non-linearities were considered. Good agreements were achieved between the impact tests results and the numerical predictions.It has been found that the influences of the internal pressure and the foundation on the critical initial impact energy are significant. The critical initial impact energy is much less sensitive to internal pressure for the pipes with a foundation than those without a foundation.

Abstract: At Northwestern University we have recently created the Institute for Design Engineering and Applications (IDEA) within the McCormick School of Engineering. Through IDEA students can obtain a certificate in engineering design alongside their bachelor's degree in their engineering discipline. IDEA was formed with the goal of integrating interdisciplinary design throughout the engineering curriculum, and creating a design community to support innovation. In this paper we discuss the design principles, community-based practices, and central education components of the IDEA certificate program. In addition, we discuss our process for monitoring students' design understanding and performance and how we continue to evolve our design courses based on this data, as well as ongoing feedback from members of the IDEA community.

Abstract: Proceedings of the fifth international conference on Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete, held in Kruger National Park, South Africa, July 18-23, 2004. Sponsored by the United Engineering Foundation, Inc.; Structural Engineering Institute of ASCE. This collection contains 66 papers summarizing the worldwide state-of-the-art in composite construction. Papers deal with all aspects of composite construction, ranging from fundamental mechanisms and analytical tools to computational and design methodologies. Topics include: composite bridges; innovative composite systems; composite slabs, floors, and columns; composite structural systems and connections; practical applications; shear studs and connectors; fire resistance; and seismic behavior and design.

Abstract: The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Communities in Charge (CIC) program funded projects in fourteen communities that aimed to expand health insurance coverage and improve care for their ...

Abstract: To form a new structurally suspended slab or to raise an existing slab for a structural foundation, structural supports are placed in the ground. The structural supports are attached to lifting assemblies, which are also installed in the slab. Actuation of the lifting assembly allows the slab to be raised and/or lowered, thereby forming a suspended slab over a void of a desired size. Existing slabs may be repaired using similar techniques.

Abstract: The present invention is the marine air floatation hauling and locating and depositing installation process of case and barrel shaped foundation structure for soft soil. The construction process includes inflating the case and barrel shaped foundation structure in water for it to float and hauling to the installation site; locating in the floating state; deflating for deposition via controlling the deflation speed and amount to control the deposition speed and inclination; pumping out air from the structure and applying pressure for further deposition; pumping out water from the structure for further deposition until pumping out all water inside the structure and completing the installation. The said process needs no large hoisting and transportation apparatus, and is simple, controllable and low in cost.

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure of a foundation arranging an anchorage body to a ground in the lower section of a pile pit without lowering the strength of fillers composed of a curable material filled into the pile pit as the foundation for preventing the floating of the structure, an execution method for the structure of the foundation and the structure of a pile used for the foundation or the execution method. SOLUTION: The structure of the foundation for preventing the floating of the structure contains a prefabricated pile being arranged in the pile pit bored to the ground in the lower section of the structure, being extended to the pile pit in a coaxial manner to the bottom section of the pile pit so as to support the structure and having a hollow section and the anchorage body arranged in the anchor pit formed to the pile pit in the coaxial manner to the ground in the lower section of the pile pit. The structure of the foundation further contains a connecting means disposed to the hollow section and the anchor pit as the connecting means connecting the anchorage body and the structure and the fillers filled into the anchor pit and the hollow section and composed of the curable material. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Abstract: The mechanism of long-short composite piled raft foundation was discussed. Assuming the relationship between shear stress and shear strain of the surrounding soil was elasto-plastic, shear displacement method was employed to establish the different explicit relational equations between the load and the displacement at the top of pile in either elastic or elasto-plastic period. Then Mylonakis & Gazetas model was introduced to simulate the interaction between two piles or between piles and soil. Considering the effect of cushion, the flexible coefficients of interaction were provided. With the addition of a relevant program, the settlement calculation for long-short composite piled raft foundation was developed which could be used to account for the interaction of piles, soil and cushion. Finally, the calculation method was used to analyze an engineering example. The calculated value of settlement is 10.2 mm, which is close to the observed value 8.8 mm.

Abstract: An anchor system for a structure which experiences periodic buoyancy situations. The anchor system has a member connected at one end to a foundation and the other end to the buoyant structure. The member restricts movement of the buoyant structure in the transverse and longitudinal directions. The system allows the buoyant structure to move vertically between an upper and lower limit.

Abstract: It is the general premise of this paper that multi-scale modeling with multi-physics balance and constitutive representations of the thermal, electrochemical, mechanical, and chemical phenomena that make a fuel cell work is an essential foundation for design and manufacturing. It is further claimed that such modeling enables a systems-to-science engineering approach that will accelerate technology greatly, reduce cost, improve durability, and bring fuel cell systems to life in our society. It is the objective of this paper to identify and provide a few foundation stones of understanding for such an engineering foundation for fuel cell technology, especially that part of the foundation that relates to multi-scale modeling of materials.

Abstract: The utility model relates to a horizontal supporting structure for a reinforced concrete loop truss in a deep foundation pit, which comprises a protective body and a water stop curtain which are vertically arranged on the peripheral wall of the foundation pit and the horizontal supporting structure which supports the protective body. The utility model is characterized in that the foundation pit is a circular deep pit, and the maximum diameter of a loop girder of the foundation pit is between 150 m and 250 m; the horizontal supporting structure is composed of the protective body and the reinforced concrete loop truss which is fixedly connected with a vertical column pile. The foundation pit of the utility model is suitable for the deep foundation pit of the loop girder, wherein the maximum diameter of the loop girder is between 150 m and 250 m. The utility model has the advantages of material saving, convenient construction and construction period reduction.

Abstract: The residential building whose majority of components are prefabricated in a factory, comprises a foundation (1) supporting a bed, walls erected on the bed, a ceiling supported on the walls and a roof supported on the walls, characterized, in essence, in that the foundation (1) is constituted of foundation blocks (10) that are cast on-site, in appropriate excavations, joints by forms of stringers (11) also cast on-site in appropriate excavations and that each foundation block (10) is provided with a vertical pillar (12) prefabricated in a factory and comprising a horizontal upper planar face, the upper planer faces of the pillars (12) of the foundation being arranged along the same horizontal plane and receiving while supporting, at a distance from the ground, the bed of the building. The invention also relates to a method and means used for realizing the wall elements manually or automatically in a continuous manner.

Abstract: The simulation of excavation and support on the deep pit of the Yangtze River in south was carried out using the software FLAC3D.During the simulation,the Mohr-Coulomb model was used and contact elements were applied on the interfaces between the structure and soil.This simulation offers the settlements of ground uplifts in the bottom of the pit and horizontal displacements of the soil behind the vertical wall in every step.