Abstract: A ventilating appartus for installation in a ventilation opening in a building foundation includes a peripheral border having detachable lateral extension tabs for selective retention to be mounted in a mortar joint in brick-type construction and, alternatively, for selective detachment for disposition flush with laterally-adjacent foundation surfaces for edgewise disposition thereon of siding in siding-type building construction. No border is utilized in an alternative embodiment of the ventilating apparatus to facilitate mounting thereof to the outward face of a building foundation as a replacement for broken and deteriorated ventilating apparatus, a separable side portion facilitating such mounting in buildings of siding-type construction. A slotted shutter-like mechanism is provided for convenient opening and closing operation of the ventilating apparatus.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of constructing a footing and a foundation wall thereon, and form therefore in a hardenable building material for use in a continuous, perimeter type building foundation. An improved shape for the footing and foundation wall is disclosed which allows the use of a novel formwork system, thus permitting both elements to be cast simultaneously in a monolithic arrangement. Additionally, the cast shape of the foundation system is such that the basic function of transmitting superimposed building loads to the earth is an improvement over the more traditional types of foundation systems. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, much of the formwork is expendable and is permanently left in place, being removed only where visable in the finished structure.

Abstract: A foundation element, preferably for subsea use. The element consists of a number of open-bottom cells which are closed at their top and which are delimited by cell walls and comprise a common roof. The element is arranged to penetrate down into the sea bottom soil until the cells are filled with soil. The width of the element corresponds to or is in excess of the length of the cell walls. The roof of the foundation element, when said element is installed in the bottom strata, is essentially level with the sea bottom surface, thus constituting a high-quality seabed floor suitable for various loads. The invention also comprises the use of the element for various applications.

Abstract: Large deflection static analysis of shallow spherical shells on Winkler foundation is made, using Berger's and Modified Berger's methods. Small amplitude free vibration analysis of shallow spherical shells on Winkler foundation is carried out various methods. While Modified Berger's method gives better results for static analysis, the original Berger's approach is found to give good results for dynamic analysis

Abstract: The present invention is a foundation piling system in which pilings are used which support a foundation system in soil having a varied composition and moisture content which eliminates the need for drilling a hole in the ground to receive pilings formed of steel pipes The pilings extend into concrete grade beams forming a portion of a monolithic system including a concrete slab

Abstract: Human error is recognized as the major cause of structural failure. Moreover, it may greatly exacerbate the damaging effect of other hazards, such as earthquakes. The objectives of this workshop were to take status of research results up to date in order to identify the most effective approach for the near future; to identify, in particular, the promise and difficulties of the scenario approach; and to determine the degree of background preparation necessary for effective improvement of structural reliability in the long range, i.e., optimal control of the process of structural production. Top international experts were brought together with the aim that a coherent strategy for research and professional activity for the next five to ten years can be identified and agreed upon by the most active workers on the subject of human error in structures. The technical papers contributed by the participants deal with various aspects of the problem. The discussion and findings of three working groups (occurrence of errors, reliability models and error control strategies) are summarized in the reports which are included in this book.

Abstract: The design of shallow and deep foundations on the basis of pressuremeter results is analyzed using numerous load tests and case histories. The foundations are shallow footings subjected to vertical loads, and piles, driven and bored, subjected to vertical and horizontal loads. Predicted and measured behavior are compared using 36 shallow footing load tests, 51 vertical pile load tests and 27 horizontal pile load tests. These data bases are used to propose new design procedures in some cases and evaluate the most recent design procedures in other cases. In addition, recommendations are made for a much needed pressuremeter test standard.

Abstract: An earthquake-insulating building structure including a structure body and a foundation supporting the structure body, the foundation having a plurality of earthquake-insulating piles embedded within the ground, each of the piles including a pile body having upper and lower portions, the upper portion being connected to the structure body, and a cylindrical casing surrounding the upper portion of the pile body so as to form a space between the upper portion of the pile body and the ground

Abstract: The heat recovery installation for utilising geothermal energy eg for heating a building 4 includes a heat pump 5 between an absorber circuit 7, which absorbs the geothermal energy, and a heating circuit 9 To increase the efficiency of such installations, the pipe system 13 of the absorber circuit 7 is embedded in a foundation body 1 for a building 3 The foundation body 1 preferably consists of a transportable precast concrete component, during the manufacture of which the embedding of the pipe system 13 takes place with a load-bearing frame The foundation body 1 fulfils a dual function in that it forms, on the one hand, the highly heat-conducting housing for the pipe system 13 and, on the other hand, the load-bearing foundation for the building 3 The overall height of the foundation body 1 is so dimensioned that at least approximately one third of the surface of the foundation body 1, which is in contact with the ground and effects the heat transfer, lies below the frost line in the ground 2 To obtain a sufficiently large heat-transfer area between the foundation body 1 and the earth 2 the inner and outer contours of the foundation body 1 are furthermore considerably longer, in plan, than the outer contour of the building 3 situated above

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a low-cost foundation structure with good efficiency by a method in which ground-improving piles are continuously provided at a given depth under underground beams, and the upper parts of the foundation piles at the pile positions are connected in a wall form. CONSTITUTION:Foundation piles 1 are driven in the positions of piles 7 until they reach the bearing stratum where given bearing capacity could be obtained. Smaller diameter and shorter ground-improving piles than the foundation pile 1 are continuously provided between the foundation piles 1, and underground beams 3 are provided on the upper end of the ground-improving piles row of a wall form. The piles 2 are provided on the peripheral position and main places of a building and ground-improving piles 2' made of only soil cement without reinforcing bars are set at a given interval in the other portions. The horizontal displacement amount of building during the earthquake can thus be reduced. Also, since the soil below the building can be restricted for every small section, this method can be effectively applicable for measures against the liquefaction of the ground.

Abstract: PURPOSE: To permit horizontal forces applying to a pile to be shared to a continuous wall by connecting a continuous underground wall constructed in the surrounding ground with the base beams of a structure supported by the pile foundation with slabs and/or connecting beams CONSTITUTION: In supporting a basement or a structure A having a shallow base setting portion by penetrating piles 1 into the ground 3 until the bearing ground 2 is reached, a continuous wall 4 constructed in the surrounding ground of the structure A is connected to the base beams of the structure A with slabs 5 and/or connecting beams 6 Horizontal forces F applying to the structure A when earthquake occurs are transmitted through the slabs 5 and/or beams 6 to the wall 4, and most of the forces of earthquake is shared to the wall 4 and only the vertical bearing forces are almost shared to the piles 1 The breakage of the pile body and head by earthquake can thus be prevented COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio