Abstract: The design of foundations in permafrost areas for large structures involves a knowledge of the thermal and mechanical properties of frozen soil Recent creep data for frozen soils and ice are revie

Abstract: This paper considers the design of vertically loaded, isolated foundations located on or socketed into the sandstones and shales of the Sydney basin. Inclined loading and loading near the edge of an excavation are not considered. A classification scheme for the shales and sandstones is proposed coupled with suggested allowable values for end bearing pressure and socket shear stress. Two methods are given for using these values in the design of socketed footings. (A)

Abstract: The type of offshore structure that may safely and economically be installed at a given site depends to a large extent on the local soil conditions. Fixed offshore structures may be grouped into three classes; pile supported, gravity and anchored. During the last few years large concrete gravity platforms have been used as alternatives to the more conventional piled steel structues at several locations in the North Sea. There are great difficulties encountered in performing high quality soil investigations offshore due to deep waters, restless seas and lack of well suited and calibrated sounding and sampling techniques. The foundation soil behaviour has to be analyzed for large cyclic loads superimposed on the static ones. Experimental results from soil elements subjected to cyclic loads in the laboratory show substantial scatter, which gives rise to large uncertainties in the analytical predictions of field performance. Very recently one has gained experience and recorded data from the crucial installation phase and the later performance of gravity platforms in the North Sea. A systematic evaluation of the reliability of present practice and available engineering analyses has started by comparing before-the-event predictions to field measurements. It is attempted to give an overview of the geotechnical engineering performed for offshore gravity structures and to point out to what extent theories of probability and statistics so far have been used. Specific cases are considered for probabilistic analyses of the platform installation phase and foundation stability during storm loading.

Abstract: A method for forming three parallel elongate grooves of predetermined size and spacing in a hardenable building material during a plastic state thereof, for forming a perimeter-type building foundation.

Abstract: A method of analysis and design of rectangular and circular elastoplastic, reinforced concrete, and slabs resting on a Winkler-type foundation is proposed in this paper. The method is an application of the yield-line theory of structures and gives upper bounds of the true limit loads. It is very simple and flexible so that realistic slab and loading configurations can be easily accounted for. The results of the method for a circular, centrally loaded slab agree with the ones reported by other researchers for a Winkler foundation, while of much interest is the comparison with the results for an elastic half space.

Abstract: A study of the performance of Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (CRCP) constructed on the Interstate highway system in Illinois has been conducted. The major purpose is to determine the types, severities, amounts, and causes of distress. Approximately 1230 miles of Interstate highway was surveyed, consisting of 7 to 10 in. (17-25 cm) slabs over granular and stabilized subbases. Distress found includes edge punchouts, steel ruptures, 'D' cracking, blowups, construction joint failures, lug rotation, longitudinal cracking, distress related to construction problems, pumping, and shoulder deterioration. Heavy truck loads, excess free moisture, deicing salts, construction practice and poor aggregate quality in the CRCP slab are the major factors causing distress. CRCP slab thickness and foundation support have a very significant effect on structural distress development.

Abstract: High-rise buildings (1) are constructed on a deep box-shaped prestressed concrete foundation (3) in a dry dock (4) or a cofferdam. The foundation box is divided into cavities by vertical walls which are continued above the upper surface of the box to form walls. The upper surface (2) of the box serves as roadways etc. The entire structure is buoyant in water, may be transported by tugs and moored or sunk onto the seabed in the required offshore location. The box-shaped foundation is sunk by flooding its internal cavities. The form of construction solves problems of building in a difficult environment.

Abstract: A drainage device for building foundations is provided, composed of a tubular structure having apertures in its upper and side surfaces and a drainage orifice at one end thereof. The device is sized to permit installation between segments of the building material forming the foundation and may be surrounded by mortar. Water percolating through the foundation is collected via the apertures and drained away from the foundation through the tubular structure. Any number of such drainage devices may be installed during construction of the building foundation.

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a method which enables the driving of steel piles at such a high accuracy to assemble thereof prior to the setting up of the guide frame affording a high water stopping effect while the withdrawal of the frame eliminates trouble-some underwater cutting. CONSTITUTION: Steel pipes or steel pipe sheet piles are connected together to ensure water stoppage matching the shape of a foundation 6 to be erected beforehand. At the same time, a guide frame 1 in which a cut section is arranged at the portion there-inside corresponding to the lower end of the steel pipe is carried to and set up at an erection point. Running through the steel pipes of the steel pipe pile 5 smaller in the diameter than the steel pipe 2 is driven into the ground. Subsequently, water in the frame is drained and a joint reinforcement is projected at the portion where the steel pipe pile 5 is exposed from the cut of the frame 1. With the casting of the concrete, a foundation 6 is built. Thereafter, the guide frame is with-drawn to remove. COPYRIGHT: (C)1980,JPO&Japio

Abstract: WERNER W. POMMEREHNE University of Zurich Comparative policy analysis is without doubt one of the more important areas within modern empirical political science. How­ ever, the substantial research effort in this field has not been matched by a corresponding degree of success.1 Empirical research has been unable to provide a satisfactory answer to the old question “does politics make a difference” insofar as it has failed to indicate whether variations in policy output are determined primarily by the political system or by socioeconomic factors. Various studies have pointed to a number of reasons for the un­ satisfactory results produced by comparative policy analysis. However, the critique and suggestions for improvement outlined refer, in the main, to points which are of only limited use for empirical research.