Foucault pendulum

Abstract: We report detailed characterization of a vacuum sealed angle measuring silicon MEMS gyroscope The new gyroscope utilizes completely symmetric, dynamically balanced quadruple mass architecture, which provides a unique combination of maximized quality (Q) factors and isotropy of both the resonant frequency and the damping The vacuum sealed SOI prototype with a 2 kHz operational frequency demonstrated virtually identical X- and Y-mode Q-factors of 11 million Due to the stiffness and damping symmetry, and very low dissipation, the gyroscope can be instrumented for direct angle measurements with fundamentally unlimited rotation range and bandwidth Experimental characterization of the mode-matched gyroscope operated in whole-angle mode confirmed linear response in excess of ±450 °/s range and 100 Hz bandwidth (limited by the setup), eliminating both bandwidth and range constraints of conventional MEMS rate gyroscopes

Abstract: MICHAEL R. MATTHEWS, COLIN GAULD & ARTHUR STINNER / The Pendulum: Its Place in Science, Culture and Pedagogy Scientific Perspectives: RANDALL D. PETERS / The Pendulum in the 21st Century-Relic or Trendsetter. RONALD NEWBURGH / The Pendulum: A Paradigm for the Linear Oscillator. KLAUS WELTHER, ANTONIO SERGIO C. ESPERIDIAO, ROBERTO ANDRADE & PAULO MIRANDA / Introduction to the Treatment of Non-Linear Effects Using a Gravitational Pendulum. CESAR MEDINA, SANDRA VELAZCO & JULIA SALINAS / Experimental Control of a Simple Pendulum Model. RANDALL D. PETERS / Soup-can Pendulum. NORMAN PHILLIPS / What Makes the Foucault Pendulum Move Among the Stars?- Historical Perspectives: PETER MACHAMER & BRIAN HEPBURN / Galileo and the Pendulum: Latching on to Time. COLIN GAULD / The Treatment of Cycloidal Pendulum Motion in Newton's Principia. ZVI BIENER & CHRISTOPER SMEENK: Pendulums, Pedagogy, and Matter: Lessons from the Editing of Newton's Principia. COLIN GAULD / The Treatment of the Motion of a Simple Pendulum in some Early 18th Century Newtonian Textbooks. PIERRE J. BOULOS / Newton's Path to Universal Gravitation: The Role of the Pendulum. AMIR D. ACZEL / Leon Foucault: His Life, Times and Achievements. FABIO BEVILACQUA, LIDIA FALOMO, LUCIO FREGONESE, ENRICO GIANNETTO & FRANCO GIUDICE / Interpreting the Pendulum: From Constrained Fall to Potential Energy.- Philosophical Perspectives: MICHAEL R. MATTHEWS / Idealisation and Galileo's Pendulum Discoveries: Historical, Philosophical and Pedagogical Considerations. ROBERT NOLA/ Pendula, Models, Constructivism and Reality. LOUIS B. ROSENBLATT / The Poet and the Pendulum. AGUSTIN ADURIZ-BRAVO / Methodology and Politics: A Proposal to Teach the Structuring Ideas of the Philosophy of Science through the Pendulum. DENNIS LOMAS / Degree of Influence on Perception of Belief and Social Setting: Its Relevance toUnderstanding Pendulum Phenomena.- Educational Perspectives: TREVOR G. BOND / Piaget and the Pendulum. ERIN STAFFORD / What the Pendulum Can Tell Educators about Children's Scientific Reasoning. PAUL ZACHOS / Pendulum Phenomena and the Assessment of Scientific Inquiry Capabilities. YONG-JU KWON, JIN-SU JEONG, YUN-BOK PARK / Children's Generating Hypotheses on a Pendulum Task : Roles of Abductive Reasoning Skills and Prior Knowledge. ROBERT J. WHITAKER / Types of Two-Dimensional Pendulums and Their Uses in Education.MARIANNE B. BARNES, JAMES GARNER & DAVID REID / The Pendulum as a Vehicle for Transitioning from Classical to Quantum Physics: History, Quantum Concepts, and Educational Challenges. CATHY MARIOTTI EZRAILSON, G. DONALD ALLEN & CATHLEEN C. LOVING / Analyzing Dynamic Pendulum Motion in an Interactive Online Environment Using Flash. IGAL GALILI & DAVID SELA / Pendulum Activities in the Israeli Physics Curriculum: Used and Missed Opportunities. DEMETRIS KOLIOPOULOS AND COSTAS CONSTANTINOU / An Analysis of the Treatment of the Simple Pendulum in Greek and Cypriot Science Curricula. MANABU SUMIDA / The Public Understanding of Pendulum Motion: From 5 to 88 Years Old. MICHAEL FOWLER/ Using Excel to Simulate Pendulum Motion and Maybe Understand Calculus a Little Better. ROBERT N. CARSON / Teaching Cultural History from Primary Events. COLIN GAULD / Pendulums in the Physics Education Literature: A Bibliography. Book Notes.- NAME INDEX.- SUBJECT INDEX.- CONTRIBUTORS.- COUNTRIES PRESENTED: AUSTRALIA, USA, CANADA, BRAZIL, ARGENTINA, NEW ZEALAND, JAPAN, KOREA, ISRAEL, GREECE, ITALY, SPAIN.

Abstract: In 1851 J. B. L. Foucault provided the first mechanical demonstration of the earth's diurnal rotation with a vibrating pendulum. He performed the experiment in the Pantheon in Paris, sparking a pendulum mania that raged across Europe and the United States. The interest in the Foucault pendulum provides an opportunity to examine the popularization of physical science in the antebellum United States. Laypersons attended public demonstrations, performed their own demonstrations, and disputed the principles of the Foucault pendulum. Their participation in physical science made them part of the American scientific community. These lay scientists performed most of the public demonstrations of the experiment. Some researchers performed public demonstrations, but others avoided this opportunity to popularize, deeming it unseemly to participate in pendulum mania. The geographical distribution of interest in the experiment challenges assertions made by historians about the relative level of scientific activity in t...