Topic
Foreknowledge
About: Foreknowledge is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 467 publications have been published within this topic receiving 6499 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
1 / 2
Papers
TL;DR: In an event-related functional MRI study, participants performed pairs of two tasks that are either the same (task repetition) or different (task switch) from each other.
Abstract: Human ability to switch from one cognitive task to another involves both endogenous preparation without an external stimulus and exogenous adjustment in response to the external stimulus. In an event-related functional MRI study, participants performed pairs of two tasks that are either the same (task repetition) or different (task switch) from each other. On half of the trials, foreknowledge about task repetition or task switch was available. On the other half, it was not. Endogenous preparation seems to involve lateral prefrontal cortex (BA 46/45) and posterior parietal cortex (BA 40). During preparation, higher activation increases in inferior lateral prefrontal cortex and superior posterior parietal cortex were associated with foreknowledge than with no foreknowledge. Exogenous adjustment seems to involve superior prefrontal cortex (BA 8) and posterior parietal cortex (BA 39/40) in general. During a task switch with no foreknowledge, activations in these areas were relatively higher than during a task repetition with no foreknowledge. These results suggest that endogenous preparation and exogenous adjustment for a task switch may be independent processes involving different brain areas.
568 citations
Book•
1 Jan 2005
TL;DR: The Free Will Problem and Compatibilism: The Free will Problem as discussed by the authors is a classic example of the problem of free will in modern science, and it has been studied extensively in the literature.
Abstract: Acknowledgments 1. The Free Will Problem 2. Compatibilism 3. Incompatibilism 4. Libertarianism, Indeterminism, and Chance 5. Minds, Selves, and Agent Causes 6. Actions, Reasons, and Causes 7. Is Free Will Possible? Hard Determinists and Other Skeptics 8. Moral Responsibility and Alternative Possibilities 9. Higher-order Desires, Real Selves, and New Compatibilists 10. Reactive Attitude Theories 11. Ultimate Responsibility 12. Free Will and Modern Science 13. Predestination, Divine Foreknowledge, and Free Will 14. Conclusion: Five Freedoms Notes Index
382 citations
TL;DR: The authors analyzes incentives to acquire information about the value of things before sales transactions, and voluntary versus required disclosure of such information, and concludes that voluntary disclosure results in socially excessive incentives to buy information; mandatory disclosure is socially desirable for sellers; but for buyers, the freedom to keep silent may be needed to spur acquisition of socially desirable information.
Abstract: This article analyzes incentives to acquire information about the value of things before sales transactions, and voluntary versus required disclosure of such information. Two distinctions are emphasized: whether information is mere foreknowledge or instead can raise value -- has social value; and whether it is sellers or buyers who decide to acquire information. The main conclusions in the model are that voluntary disclosure results in socially excessive incentives to acquire information; mandatory disclosure is socially desirable for sellers; but for buyers, the freedom to keep silent may be needed to spur acquisition of socially desirable information.
377 citations
TL;DR: For example, the authors found that insiders condition their trades on foreknowledge of price-relevant public disclosures, but avoid profitable trades when the jeopardy associated with such trades is high, such as immediately before earnings announcements.
248 citations
TL;DR: For example, the authors found that insiders avoid profitable trades before quarterly earnings are announced and sell (buy) after good (bad) news earnings announcements, and that insiders trade most heavily after earnings announcements and profit from foreknowledge of price-relevant information in the forthcoming Form 10-K or 10-Q filing.
Abstract: Evidence contrasting U.S. insider trades in high- and low-jeopardy periods and across firms at high and low risk for 10b-5 litigation indicates that insiders condition their trades on foreknowledge of price-relevant public disclosures, but avoid profitable trades when the jeopardy associated with such trades is high, such as immediately before earnings announcements. Insiders avoid profitable trades before quarterly earnings are announced and sell (buy) after good (bad) news earnings announcements. Insiders trade most heavily after earnings announcements and profit from foreknowledge of price-relevant information in the forthcoming Form 10-K or 10-Q filing.
232 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 10 |
| 2024 | 17 |
| 2023 | 30 |
| 2022 | 55 |
| 2021 | 14 |
| 2020 | 11 |