Abstract: A method and system for font building by providing for the downloading of a subset of glyphs at a client device from a server. The subset can include one or more particular requested glyphs. The subset is accompanied by one or more further glyphs determined by selection criteria, which can include: frequency of use of the glyphs in a particular language; frequency of use of the glyphs by at least one client device; and relationships between particular glyphs.

Abstract: Methods and systems permit rendering a text element formatted using unavailable or restricted fonts. In one embodiment, when producing a document that contains a restricted font, text portions formatted with the restricted font are processed into an alternate representation. A textual representation for the text portions and the additional representation(s) are embedded in a document or container. A unique representation for the restricted font file allows a consuming computing system to attempt to find the restricted font locally. Each textual representation is rendered using its corresponding restricted font, if the restricted font file is found. Otherwise, the additional representation(s) are used.

Abstract: Previous research on reading has primarily focused on the cognitive and neurological aspects of learning to read and reading disabilities In this study, the physical characteristics of the text itself were examined in an applied setting Specifically, the influence of two common characteristics of font types (serif or san serif markings and proportional or mono-spacing) on recall of information was investigated The participants were college students (N = 149) Each participant received a one page discussion of Tuberculosis, in the form of an office memorandum distributed in a health care facility, and was then tested on recall of the important points discussed in the memorandum Serif fonts significantly improved recall of the information Do the physical characteristics of the font used in a passage of text influence the recall of what is read? Although research on reading has a long history in psychology, the majority of this research has been on reading disabilities and learning to read (Aaron, Joshi, & Williams, 1999; Chiappe, Hasher, & Siegel, 2000; Guthrie, Shafer, Von Sekler, & Alban, 2000; Smith, 1998) These studies have primarily focused on the neurological and cognitive aspects of reading This study was conducted to find an answer to an applied question As part of a consulting project with a local organization, we were asked if the font used in an inter-office memo had any influence on how well the information in the memo would be remembered The purpose of this study is to answer that question by examining the influence of two common characteristics of font types--the presence of serif or san serif markings and proportional or mono spacing--on recall of information presented in an office memorandum Prior research has focused on how the passage length of text may influence comprehension of the material Surber (1992) found that when participants were given either a long or short textbook passage to study, those who read the shorter passages spent substantially more time per word studying than did those who were given the long passage This occurred, Surber speculated, because readers given the short passages were engaging in greater depth of processing of the material (Surber, 1992) This finding and Surber's explanation coincides with the attentional resources theory provided by Kanfer and Ackerman (1989) In this model, Kanfer and Ackerman suggest that humans have limited attentional resources that they can devote to a task If less attention is given to the process of reading the text, then more attention can be given to attending to the message in the text Prior research has also examined how distractions in texts may influence readability and comprehension Connelly, Hasher, & Zacks (1991) showed that older adults are less able to ignore irrelevant stimuli (such as distracting text in italics interspersed amid target text), and as a result read more slowly and show poorer comprehension than younger adults This effect of distraction continued even when the distracting text contained content that was related to the target text Carlson, Hasher, Connelly, and Zacks (1995) also found that when distractions (eg, a phrase in a different font than the target text) were randomly placed within the text, a marked disruptive effect on reading occurred This effect was particularly severe in older adults Further research that focused specifically on the characteristics of the font indicates that the legibility of the font type is another important factor to consider in readability and reading comprehension Tinker (1963) examined the effects of font size and font legibility on reading speed and comprehension He organized two sets of conditions to give to participants: (a) material set in 10-point Roman lower-case type on eggshell paper stock which was deemed very legible (b) material set in 8-point italic type on eggshell paper stock which was deemed to be poorly legible …

Abstract: A document generation apparatus has a comparator that compares the type of language of original document data and the type of language provided at a reproduction terminal that reproduces the original document data, and a generator that generates document data with font based on the original document that does not include a character font when results of a comparison performed by the comparator indicate that both types of languages match, and generates document data with font based on the original document that does include a character font used in the original document data when the results of the comparison performed by the comparator indicate that both types of language do not match.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the expedient supply of differential gloss text into a document image, particularly as when desired in the employ of rendering variable data. A font character is selected and sub-sampled. The sub-sampled result is then scaled up into a full size result. A first halftone cell having a first anisotropic structure orientation is selected and applied to the full size scaled font result while a second halftone cell having a second anisotropic structure orientation is applied to the surrounding background around the full size scaled font result to create a gloss font character. This full gloss font character is then stored as a font representation as callable by the digital front end of a printing apparatus.

Abstract: A method for displaying a simulated anti-alias font on a display device, the method comprising providing a first font element, the first font element being semi-transparent, providing a second font element, and rendering the first font element and the second font element on top of each other on the display device, thereby displaying a simulated anti-alias font including at least part of the first font element and at least part of the second font element. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

Abstract: Compared to non-cursive scripts, optical character recognition of cursive documents comprises extra challenges in layout analysis as well as recognition of the printed scripts. This paper presents a front-end OCR for Persian/Arabic cursive documents, which utilizes an adaptive layout analysis system in addition to a combined MLP-SVM recognition process. The implementation results on a comprehensive database show a high degree of accuracy which meets the requirements of commercial use.

Abstract: We present an algorithm for a priori Arabic optical Font Recognition (AFR). The basic idea is to recognize fonts of some common Arabic words. Once these fonts are known, they can be generalized to lines, paragraphs, or neighbor non-common words since these components of a textual material almost have the same font. A decision tree is our approach to recognize Arabic fonts. A set of 48 features is used to learn the tree. These features include horizontal projections, Walsh coefficients, invariant moments, and geometrical attributes. A set of 36 fonts is investigated. The overall success rate is 90.8%. Some fonts show 100% success rate. The average time required to recognize the word font is approximately 0.30 seconds.

Abstract: Systems, methods and media for searching documents based on text characteristics are disclosed. Embodiments may include receiving by a document searching system a request to search a document for a keyword and to limit the search based on one or more text characteristics associated with the keyword. Embodiments may also include performing by the document searching system a search of the document based on the keyword and the one or more associated text characteristics to find an instance of the keyword and generating by the document searching system a search result based on the performed document search. The text characteristics in some embodiments may include one or more of font style information, font emphasis information, highlighting information, or color information. In some embodiments, performing the search of the document includes finding an instance of the keyword where the keyword has characteristics that match at least one associated text characteristic.

Abstract: The recognition of unconstrained handwriting continues to be a difficult task for computers despite active research for several decades. This is because handwritten text offers great challenges such as: character and word segmentation, character recognition, variation between handwriting styles, different character size and orientation, no font constraints, the type of printing surface, as well as the background clarity. In this paper, we explore the gap in the ability in reading handwritten text between humans and computers to propose solutions for security problems in Web services. We present a new HIP algorithm that uses handwriting recognition task to distinguish between humans and computers. We propose methods to deform handwritten text images to make them indecipherable by computers and explore the cognitive factors that assist humans in reading and understanding. Experimental results on both humans and computers are presented and compared.

Abstract: Segmentation is a very important stage of Farsi/Arabic character recognition systems. A new segmentation algorithm - for multi font Farsi/Arabic texts - based on the conditional labeling of the up contour and down contour is presented. A pre-processing technique is used to adjust the local base line for each subword. This algorithm uses an adaptive base line for each subword to improve the segmentation results. This segmentation algorithm, in addition to up and down contours, takes advantage of their curvatures also. The algorithm was tested on a data set of printed Farsi texts, containing 22236 characters, in 18 different fonts. 97% of characters were correctly segmented.

Abstract: A method and system for optimizing the horizontal spacing of superscripts and subscripts in open type font designs is disclosed. The system includes a module for vertically aligning and spacing characters and a module for horizontally aligning characters having differing baselines in accordance with cut-in information stored in font tables corresponding to each individual character in the font. This additional horizontal spacing adjustment capability provides for optimum placement of character glyphs having differing baselines, e.g., superscript or subscript. The method includes placing a first/next character on a baseline, retrieving a next adjacent character, determining whether a cut-in associated with one or both of the characters can be applied between the two characters, and then applying the appropriate cut-in. Ascertaining whether a cut-in may apply may be accomplished by evaluating relative positions of adjacent glyph bounding boxes.

Abstract: A method for embedding covert information on a printed substrate is provided. The method can include the steps of printing overt indicia on a substrate and generating a pattern of microtext representative of at least a portion of the overt indicia. Such microtext is capable of being printed in at least two distinct fonts, including a first font and a second font. The method can further include steps of varying the pattern of microtext such that at least one character of the pattern of microtext is configured to be printed in the first font and at least one character is configured to be printed in the second font, thereby providing a font variation which corresponds to a covert code, and printing the pattern of microtext which includes the font variation on the substrate.

Abstract: An edited image is created using fonts capable of being employed by both a client computer and a server. To accomplish this, the user of the computer selects a service to be utilized. Client information, which includes the service selected, information relating to the operating system of the computer and information relating to fonts that can be utilized by the computer, is transmitted to the server. The latter creates a list of fonts that can be utilized by the computer and transmits the data of the created font list and editing home-page data to the computer. The user of the computer decides fonts to be used in the edited image from among the fonts that have been transmitted and edits the image by using these fonts. Information for editing is transmitted from the client computer to the server, where the edited image is then printed out.

Abstract: A system creates an electronic version of a document from page-images of the document, wherein the electronic version replicates both the logical content and the physical appearance of the original document. During operation, the system receives the page-images for the document. Next, the system extracts character images from the page-images, and generates a synthetic font for the document from the extracted character images. Finally, the system constructs the electronic version of the document by, using the synthetic font to represent text regions of the document, and by using image-segments extracted from the pages-images to represent non-text regions of the document.

Abstract: Methods and systems for managing the access and display of characters from one or more fonts may include initializing a storage space (e.g., a font cache) in a computer memory. The storage space may store information for select characters from the one or more fonts, allowing easy access by a font management routine. In the meantime, a second storage space (e.g., hard disk or DVD) stores information relating to all the characters from one or more fonts, which may be contained in one or more files. The font management routine receives an indication of a desired character to be rendered and determines whether the desired character is currently stored in the first storage space, the font management routine (or a related routine) may load the desired character from the second storage space into the first storage space.

Abstract: The font recognition of Chinese characters is an important part in OCR (optical character recognition) system. It is also a main technical challenge due to the similarity of different fonts. The reconstruction quality of layout depends on the accuracy of font recognition. However, the prevalent method of font recognition is predominant font recognition based on the fact that the most layouts are printed in a single font, which makes it impossible to reconstruct the original layout. In this paper, an improved font recognition method of individual character is proposed. The approach consists of three steps. In the first step, the guidance fonts are acquired based on Gabor filter optimized with genetic algorithm (GA). Then a single font recognizer is applied to get the matching results with the help of the guidance fonts and the layout knowledge of font typesetting. Finally, the post-processing of font recognition is fulfilled according to the layout knowledge. Experiments were carried out with samples from newspaper and magazines and the results show that the method is of immense practical and theoretical value.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to the creation of an ink font. Based on characteristics of handwritten characters, the collection of characters may be scaled so as to adjust the size of the font to match predefined size values or relationships.

Abstract: Provided is a method of providing font services by using an item server and a service server, including: the item server maintaining font providing information including font information and area information associated with the font information, for each user in a user database; the service server maintaining service page database including text associated with each area of the service page associated with the user; the service server receiving the font providing information associated with the user from the item server; generating the service page in which a text image, corresponding to the text associated with a certain area of the service page and generated according to the font information associated with the certain area, is displayed in the certain area, based on the received font providing information; and providing the generated service page by transmitting to a user terminal.

Abstract: The invention provides a printed font character identification method based on Arabic character set which comprises, extracting region information, character font information, and constituent part information unique for Arabic character set, carrying presorting, determining character class subset of the input character, extracting direction characteristic for reflecting the character stroke composition information, finally employing two steps of characteristic optimization processing including, characteristic dressing, eigen transformation by integrating linear discrimination analysis (LDA) and K-L transformation, finally proceeding categorization judgment through modified quadratic discriminating function (MQDF) statistical classification device.

Abstract: An improved system and method for using a device-dependent font in a graphical display interface is provided. A font resource may be included among components provided for executable software code such as an application to display and edit text using a device-dependent font without having to install the device driver having the device-resident font metrics. In specific, a font resource that may include device-independent font information for code points that are not supported by a device-resident font and device-dependent font information for code points that are supported by a device-resident font. In one embodiment, the font resource may be a device composite font file having both device metrics for code points supported by a named device and device-independent information for code points unsupported by the device.

Abstract: Specialised fonts, designed according to preferences of readers with sight problems, have not necessarily led to enhanced reading performance. This study's aim was to evaluate the effects of print size, font type and line width on reading speed to help provide recommendations to designers for creating more accessible print materials. 43 patients with acuity 6/30 or better (median age = 72) read texts presented randomly in four sizes (10, 12, 14 and 16 points), for each of four fonts (Times New Roman, Helvetica, Tiresias PCfont and Foundry Form Sans) at a standard line width (70 characters). A subset of fonts were tested at additional line widths (35 and 90). Significant main effects were found for point size and font type; none was found for line width. Larger point sizes were read faster than smaller point sizes and one of the fonts Tiresias PCfont produced faster reading speeds. However, further investigation into font types revealed that Tiresias PCfont's nominal point size was not equivalent to the three comparison fonts and, after adjustment for amount of page space used, no significant differences were found. Our results suggest that font type has little effect on reading speed, once the size of the print is taken into account. A statistical model of the effects of print size on reading speed indicates that a change from 12 to 14 points print would increase the proportion of the population able to read fluently (i.e. > 115 words/min) from 80% to 85%.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to the creation of an ink font Based on characteristics of handwritten characters, the collection of characters may be scaled so as to adjust the size of the font to match predefined size values or relationships

Abstract: This invention belongs to an intelligent font and graph information process file page comprehension technique and in detail relates to a font reading restore method based on paper content. The method comprises the following steps: first to create a mathematics model with graph theory and express the adjacent relationship of font block as bisect graph; to split and convert the bisect graph into weigh bisect graph; to adopt nature language process technique to figure out bisect graph weigh; to get multiple continuous sequence through optimization matching; to cut each sequence into multiple sub-sequence according to font block information, wherein, the relative content to sub-sequence is the independent page read sequence font flow.

Abstract: In the steel production line, the molten metal of a furnace is transformed into billet and then moves to the heating furnace of the hot rolling mill. This paper describes about the development of recognition system for the characters, which was marked at the billet material by use template-marking plate and hand written method, in the steel plant. For the recognition of template-marked characters, we propose PSVM algorithm. And for the recognition of hand written character, we propose combination methods of CCD algorithm and PSVM algorithm. The PSVM algorithm need some more time than the conventional KLT or SVM algorithm. The CCD algorithm makes shorter classification time than the PSVM algorithm and good for the classification of closed curve characters from Arabic numerals. For the confirmation of algorithm, we have compared our algorithm with conventional methods such as KLT classifier and one-to-one SVM. The recognition rate of experimented billet characters shows that the proposing PSVM algorithm is 97 % for the template-marked characters and combinational algorithm of CCD & PSVM is 95.5 % for the hand written characters. The experimental results show that our proposing method has higher recognition rate than that of the conventional methods for the template-marked characters and hand written characters. By using our algorithm, we have installed real time character recognition system at the billet processing line of the steel-iron plant.

Abstract: A processor is operable to identify characters in a file that represents a scanned image, and generate a font that includes the identified characters

Abstract: This paper describes the Web embedding fonts technology of Naxi pictographs, and it is one of the application plans of Naxi pictographs. The Web embedding fonts technology of Naxi pictographs mainly adopts WEFT to create font database of Naxi pictographs, and uses CSS2 to embed it to Naxi pictographs Web. The Web embedding fonts technology of Naxi pictographs makes Internet clients browse Naxi pictographs Web without downloading Naxi pictographs font.

Abstract: Rendering an outline font. Rendering an outline font by adding Bezier control points to further define a contour of an outline font and applying an in or out test to determine if a pixel falls within the contour of an outline font.