Abstract: A processor is connected to a display screen to generate a screen display of individual characters in groups together with the selector indication. Such characters typically belong in a language set, e.g., English, Japanese, Greek, etc. The processor receives from the numeric keypad a user selection of a number "1-9" that is associated with a particular one of the individual characters in a group highlighted by the selector indication. An index-and-fetch mechanism, typically implemented as a computer program sub-routine, provides for an indexed fetch of a digital data representation in a font memory of a character indexed according to the number "1-9". The fetched digital data is then available for more general use by a larger computer system, for example in the form of an "ASCII" output character.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for displaying font information by using a preview window, when the user makes up a document, the sample of the desirable font is promptly shown to the user through the preview window. Accordingly, the user can effectively make up the document by promptly finding the suitable font for the document.

Abstract: Rendering glyphs using a layout services library. A layout services library provides a set of text-processing functions for use by a client program. The text-processing functions access font information stored in the font tables insulating the client program from the details of the font table formats. The layout services library may be used to identify glyph variants and to position glyphs along a base line for a run of text. To identify glyph variants, the layout services library scans the run of text to identify the locations of characters having alternative glyph forms. The layout services library creates a list of feature parameter structures, each of which contains a count of the number of glyph alternates that apply for each identified character. The client program assembles a list of identical characters which have different parameters and presents a list of all glyph variants to the user who chooses one of the alternatives. To position glyphs, the layout services library assembles data that describes the advance of a virtual pen point from glyph to glyph along the base line, an X-placement value, and a Y-placement value. The X-placement value and the Y-placement value are used to position the glyph with respect to the virtual pen point on the base line.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method transmits a font available on a computer to an output device supporting a page description language with a download format. The apparatus determines whether a character set associated with the font can be represented in a byte and if so, downloads the font to the output device using a first font format. Otherwise, the apparatus determines whether the number of glyphs in the font is below a threshold and if so, downloads the font to the output device using the page description download format and otherwise breaks the font glyph data into one or more blocks of glyph data, each of which having fewer glyphs than the threshold. Once broken up, the apparatus downloads the blocks to the output device using the download format and stitches the blocks together during a subsequent font reassembly in the output device.

Abstract: Remote printing using incremental font subsetting. A document to be printed on a remote printer is analyzed page-by-page to determine the fonts used on each page and which characters, or glyphs, from each font are needed to print the page. For the first page on which a particular font is used in the document, a “subsetted font” comprising only the glyphs used on the page by that font is generated and copied to a spool file. For each subsequent page on which a font is used, a “font delta” is created in the spool file comprising only the glyphs used on the page which have not been previously copied to a record in the spool file. Once all of the subsetted fonts and font deltas for a given page have been written to the spool file, the text information for the page is written to the spool file and the page may be printed by the print spooler. This process continues for each page in a document to be printed on a remote printer.

Abstract: A system and method of printing documents having merged text and graphics is presented which overcomes the Z-order problem of merging text and graphics on a raster printer and which enhances printing performance. The system and method analyze a location of the text and graphics elements to be printed to determine if and where any potential merging problems exist. In these regions, the system and method selectively redraws the text as part of the merged bitmap graphic. The remainder of the text on the document is printed with device resident fonts, either directly or through downloading the device font, if possible. This greatly enhances printing performance. If the text information is not supported or supportable by a device font, the text elements are drawn as bitmaps to be printed by the printer.

Abstract: Using the concept of off-screen rendering, a Unicode encoding value for a non-Latin1 glyph is converted into a bitmap image using Java™ in order to print glyphs that are not supported by a printer. The method uses the JDK application information together with the platform specific operating system's information to perform a non-operating system specific rendering or generic rendering of the non-Latin1 Unicode glyphs for use in printing the glyphs. This solution is glyph-based instead of font-based and works within the confines of Java™ classes and methods. It is primarily an extension of the Java language that exposes a host font manager, such as a TrueType™ font engine, in such a way as to bring the bitmap of a glyph into an application or applet executing on the virtual machine. The bitmap of the glyph may then be printed.

Abstract: Computer-aided font design is still a very tedious and repetitive task. New font models and new functionalities presented by digital media further require a new method for design of font families and dynamic variable fonts. Current design paradigms are either outline based, offering low level operations, or parametric but non-visual programming. Parametric feature based design helps in creating a design environment for high level parametric font design. However, the approaches suggested so far are too restrictive in their definition of features, and none of them utilises constraints in feature definition and design.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for creating high-level language hinting instructions through the use of a graphical user interface. The present invention enables a user to generate complex font programs without requiring knowledge or experience in font programming. Graphical commands are entered by a user while editing a glyph. The graphical commands are converted into functional data and stored within a data structure that represents the edited glyph. The functional data is then compiled or translated into high-level language hinting instructions that can later be compiled to machine code. Specifically, this aspect of the present invention relieves the user of having to specify the order of the hinting instructions. The present invention also provides a method to translate high-level language hinting instructions into functional data. The functional data can then be used to update the display of the edited glyph. This aspect of the present invention allows experienced font programmers to modify a font program but still maintain the ability to graphically edit the font program.

Abstract: A method of creating a series of font characters (101) on a computer system (150) is disclosed. A series of font outlines (111) and source artwork (112); a series of manipulation tools (116) for the manipulation of aspects of the outlines and artwork. Such an arrangement provides for the creation of substantially arbitrarily complex font structures from the outlines, artwork and manipulation tools. A series of font characters is then formed through the application of the complex font structures to each of a base font outline in the series of font characters. Preferably, the complex font structures can comprise a graphical expression tree of operations (120) to be performed in the creation of a font and the tree includes an outline of a font character. The manipulation tools can include tools for distorting, replacing or compositing the outline of a font and can further include the tools for the application of morphological and non-morphological effects to the font outlines. A data structure for such font creation is also disclosed which includes records (90-97) of attributes of glyphs used to form the outlines including their shape, color, opacity and where appropriate compositing or blending with graphic object or pixel-based images.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for creating anti-aliased fonts for display on a graphics display comprising analyzing a subject font, calculating at least one alpha value to determine the translucency of the subject font edges, incorporating the alpha value in the subject font bit information, and rendering the subject font with translucent edges.

Abstract: A method, computer system and computer-readable medium for generating an outline font of Asian language characters The Asian language characters are defined by basic strokes The basic strokes are identified by a plurality of key points and at least one width value The computer system includes memory and a processor coupled to at least one output device The processor retrieves a set of basic stroke defined characters and identifies a set of similar glyphs in the retrieved set of characters Each glyph includes a set of basic strokes The processor selects topographically representative glyphs from each identified set of similar glyphs, determines the intersecting points of the plurality of overlapping basic strokes for each selected glyph, generates outline data for each selected glyph according to the determined intersecting points and stores the generated outline data in memory The processor also renders a character selected for display on an output device according to the stored generated outline data

Abstract: Even if font usage plays an important role in Document Image Analysis (DIA), recognition systems generally take the concept of font management in a weaker sense than in the production cycle. With the point of view of the document recognition community, we show how typographic information (characters bitmap, metrics, etc.) can improve existing analysis methods. After a brief survey of font recognition issues, we present the advantages of a font software support in the design of recognition systems. Concrete algorithms are proposed in the subtopics of a posteriori font recognition, monofont Optical Character Recognition (OCR), and word segmentation. The reported experiments and results indicate that there are still substantial benefits to expect from the design of typographyaware analyzers.

Abstract: The advent of automated speech recognition opens up new possibilities for design of new typographic forms. Graphic designers have long been designing text to evoke the sound of a voice saying the words. Some have even used sound to animate word units within a computational environment. Yet, there is opportunity to use the expressiveness of a voice, found within the speech signal itself, in the design of basic typographic forms. These typographic forms would inherently assume a temporal, dynamic form. Prosody in this thesis represents the melody and rhythm people use in natural speech. Even unintentionally, prosody expresses the emotional state of the speaker, her attitude towards whom she’s talking with and what she’s talking about, resolves linguistic ambiguity, and points towards any new focus of linguistic information. Prosodic Font is an experiment in designing a font that takes its temporal form from continuous and discrete phonetic and phonological speech parameters. Each glyph – the visual form of an alphabetic letter – is comprised of one or more font primitives called strokes. These strokes are placed within a grid space using two of four possible basic constraints: independence or dependence, and simultaneity or consecutiveness. Over time and in systematic accordance with parameters from a piece of speech, these stroke primitives transform shape, size, proportions, orientation, weighting and shade/tint. Prosodic Font uses a combination of machine and human recognition techniques to create text descriptions of prosodic parameters from a sound corpus developed expressly for this thesis. The sound corpus is excerpted from two speakers – one male and one female – who are telling stories about four different emotional experiences. Because affective extremes produce prosodic extremes, the corpus involves great prosodic variety and voice range. According to preliminary user testing results, people are able to identify systems of graphic transforms as representative of systems of prosodic variation. I found that rhythmic variation and variations in vocal stress are extremely important in peoples’ ability to match Prosodic Font files to speech audio files. Thesis Supervisor: Ronald L. MacNeil Principal Research Associate MIT Media Laboratory This work was performed at the MIT Media Laboratory. Support for this work was provided by the National Endowment for the Arts, the Digital Life and News in the Future corporate sponsor consortiums. The views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of the supporting sponsors.

Abstract: TrueType fonts can be equipped with custom font intelligence for highest quality rendering down to the smallest type sizes at screen resolutions. However, to do so requires programming in an assembly language, which is outside the typical conceptual range of a typographer. In this paper we introduce a static representation of font intelligence in the form of a data structure we call the glyph structure. This glyph structure is visualized and authored graphically, and serialized automatically into the TrueType assembly language.

Abstract: A general-purpose system for enabling the user to easily enter characters whose contensts are hard to understand at a glance, such as bar codes, by using a general-purpose application program such as a wordprocessor is provided For this purpose, a printer driver comprising a font file storing a display font and a bar code record font corresponding to the display font and a conversion function of converting display font codes into record font codes is provided When a bar code is entered in an application program, a legible display font corresonding to the bar code can be used On the other hand, when the bar code is printed, the priner driver compatible with a given printer converts the display font into a bar code record font and supplies the bar code record font Thus, a high-accuracy bar code is printed in accordance with the standard

Abstract: A document in AFP format is converted to a document in PostScript format. Each object in an AFP file is scanned. A check is made to determine if the scanned object is appropriate. If the scanned object is not appropriate, an error message is generated. If the scanned object is appropriate, the scanned object is converted to PostScript format. The converted object to is written to a PostScript file. If the scanned object is a text object, the converted object includes text, lines, and font changes. If the scanned object is a font object, an AFP font name is mapped to a Postscript font name which is added to a list of necessary fonts in the PostScript file.

Abstract: A new font model (100) based on parameters (24), features (102), and constraints (22) is provided. The model supports complex non-linear dynamic behaviors of letter shapes and allows font users to dynamically alter the behavior of letters through the manipulation of external parameters. The letters retain their typographical characteristics during the dynamic behavior. The internal constraints mechanism supports constraint states for continuously handling topological changes. The constraints (22) and features (102) are present in the font model (100) itself. The font model (100) is implemented using parametric features (102) and constraints (22). The constraints evaluation algorithm operates in linear time in the size of a glyph and guarantees finding a single solution. Constraints (22) are represented using a special novel type of constraints graph, a mixed ratio graph, which can deal with most constraints cycles of the kind arising in the font domain. In addition, a novel constraint state machine enables modification of the shape's underlying topology during dynamic behavior.

Abstract: An emboldened font is simulated from a regular font by moving the outline that describes the font along a vector normal to the direction of the outline a predetermined distance. A new emboldened location is calculated for each control point that defines the font outline. The new location for each control point is determined by calculating a vector perpendicular to the outline at the location of the control point. The control point is then moved a predetermined distance along the perpendicular vector. The predetermined distance controls how much emboldening is applied to the font. The greater the predetermined distance, the more emboldened the font will appear. By moving all of the control points that define a font outline a predetermined distance along a vector perpendicular to the outline, a new outline is created that defines the emboldened version of the font.

Abstract: 1. About LaTeX and TeX 2. TeX, the Internet, and Multimedia 3. Most METAFONT 4. Logical Documents via LaTeX 5. TeX in the workplace 6. Installing and Selecting Fonts 7. Virtual Fonts, Virtual Fonts 8. Virtual Font Projects 9. More Virtual Fonts 10. New Math Fonts 11. Graphic Discussions 12. Graphics via LaTeX and TeX 13. Using METAFONT and MetaPost 14. PSTricks 15. MFPIC Pictures Appendix 1: Basic TeX Commands Appendix 2: More About LaTeX Appendix 3: Producing This Book Sources and resources Index

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily switch the types of a language conversion system and a font SOLUTION: When the type of language which is to be used through an input part 1 is given to a management process 7, the management process 7 extracts the language conversion system corresponding to incorporated language and the language conversion system required for inputting the language from the corresponding table of the types of fonts, emits the switch instruction of the language conversion system to OS2 and emits the switch command of the font to an application 3 The application 3 requests the switch of the font to OS2 based on the received command Thus, a user emits the instructions which the management process requires to the respective parts by one processing for inputting the type of language to be used and the language conversion system and the font can be switched

Abstract: The paper presents a new segmentation-free approach to the Arabic optical character recognition. Extended with a suitable pre-and post-processing the method offers a simple and fast framework to develop a full OCR system. The method was developed primarily for the Naskhi font, it is however robust and flexible and can be easily extended.

Abstract: From the Publisher: Now you can publish perfect Web pages using typefaces that you can provide to your Web site visitors. This comprehensive book for webmasters and other Web workers on the new Web typography begins with a few chapters for those who missed Desktop Publishing 101 and quickly moves on to provide the groundwork for understanding the new typesetting and layout enabled by Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), TrueDoc, and font embedding. Two chapters make using CSS easy by featuring hands-on work with CSS as well as a handy reference, and other chapters help you master TrueDoc typesetting and font embedding. The book also explores dozens of ideas for typography using only HTML and covers specialized Web pages such as for NetTV (e.g., WebTV), Java, and cross-media publishing.

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce burden on a network and to give only a necessary font to a client-side by storing the list of fonts which a client holds on a server-side and displaying only the stored font on the client-side when a character is inputted from the client. SOLUTION: An input part 21 is connected to the respective clients and KANA/KANJI conversion requests from the respective clients are inputted. A conversion part 22 retrieves a dictionary file 24 based on the inputted KANA/ KANJI conversion request and KANA/KANJI conversion is executed. Data for KANA/KANJI conversion are stored in the dictionary file 24. The list of the character fonts which the respective clients have are stored in a font list 27. An output part 29 outputs the conversion result to the clients in response to the KANA/KANJI conversion requests from the respective clients. Thus, only the necessary fonts are given to the client-side.

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the occurrence of illegal characters in the case of inputting a character code whose font is not stored. SOLUTION: This character processor is provided with a font storage area 506 which stores at least fonts of main characters, a character information table 504 which stores the storage address of a font or information with no font, a retrieving part 505 which inputs an optional character code, refers to corresponding storage address information and information with no font in the table 504 and outputs storage address information whose group number is the same as a retrieved character code and whose type information corresponds to a character code of a main character based on type information and group information when information with no font exists, a display controlling part 507 which inputs a corresponding font from the area 506 and performs screen display of an optional character code and a displaying part 508.

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To support the symbol and character setting to an information retrieval system of an internet base by transferring the table and mapping information to a local network site as data, and converting automatically the data into the foreign language data to display them. SOLUTION: An HTML(hypertext markup language) tag is started in a client/server network (142), the main body of a foreign web page is scanned for every character at a remote network site (144), and every character is converted into a specially made bit map font (146). Then a series of scanned characters are compiled at a position on a table related to the translated font (148), and the font is sent to a browser of the local network site (150). The browser converts the sequence of the font into the original foreign characters (158) and displays them on a window (158).

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and accurately generate a font similar to the handwritten character of a user by indicating the font kind of an input character pattern by the similarity degrees of the input character pattern and the plural kinds of the fonts. SOLUTION: Input character pattern data from a character segmentation part 12 are read first and character code data which are recognized results are obtained from a character recognition part 14. The fonts corresponding to the character code data are respectively fetched from font data storage parts 16a, 16b and 16c. In a similarity degree detection part 18, the shapes of the character pattern data and the font data of respective font kinds are compared, the similarity degrees are detected and the similarity rate (synthesis rate) of the font of the inputted character pattern data is outputted from the plural similarity degrees with the plural kinds of the fonts. Thus, even when the same font kind as the input character pattern is not present, the font kind of the input pattern is indicated.