Abstract: A method of data compression which allows an enlarged font of complex characters to be produced by scaling from data representing a stored font of complex characters is disclosed. The scaling procedure involves the insertion of horizontal and vertical lines into the stored font to effect vertical and horizontal expansion, respectively, of the stored font. These lines are inserted so as to preserve the basic shape of the characters according to the following procedure. First, the dot matrix of each character is partitioned into sections, each containing a very pronounced and recognizable portion of the character. Then a decision is made in which sections to insert lines so that enlargement is attained without distorting the basic overall shape of the character. Next, a decision is made where in the sections the lines are to be inserted. Finally, a decision is made as to what the inserted lines are to look like. The results of these decisions are stored with data representing the stored font as side information so that an enlarged version of the font can be generated on the fly without need of arithmetic processing. A refinement of this basic technique additionally stores a sparse matrix containing the error of the generated matrix as compared with the original one. This additional information permits the generation of the exact duplicate of the original font.

Abstract: A large plurality of electronically-stored fonts are managed and selected for use in a particular presentation (printing, display) of a document represented by electrical signals by either an explicit or implicit method. A new font by either selecting a completely defined font or by selecting predetermined characteristics or font graphics, such as italics, bold, point size, and the like which enable an implicit selection of a completely defined font. Such defined characteristics are interpreted by an automatic machine to complete font definitions for use by a document presentation device. A begin font command can specify a plurality of internal fonts with the order of specification indicating priority of selection for use in document presentation. Whether or not a specified internal font results in a defined font being activated is selectable by font definitions embedded with a received- text-data stream representing text/graphics to be presented. Such combination yields a presentation device and font independency to be unformatted input-text-data stream.

Abstract: A display attribute, such as normal/reverse video, automatically switches between two different, separately optimizable character fonts. One font is complementary to the other.

Abstract: A typing or printing apparatus for communicating in the Chinese language, wherein the characters typed or printed represent separate sounds, and the characters of the font are currently employed characters of the Chinese language.

Abstract: A large plurality of electronically-stored fonts are managed and selected for use in a particular presentation (printing, display) of a document represented by electrical signals by either an explicit or implicit method. A new font by either selecting a completely defined font or by selecting predetermined characteristics of font graphics, such as italics, bold, point size, and the like which enable an implicit selection of a completely defined font. Such defined characteristics are interpreted by an automatic machine to complete font definitions for use by a document presentation device. A begin font command can specify a plurality of internal fonts with the order of specification indicating priority of selection for use in document presentation. Whether or not a specified internal font results in a defined font being activated is selectable by font definitions embedded with a received- text-data stream representing text/graphics to be presented. Such combination yields a presentation device and font independency to the unformatted input-text-data stream.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To permit printing of upside down characters and etc. by providing a character pattern generating portion which has the first font which includes normal patterns of all characters and the second font which includes patterns of those characters that are reversed in such a manner as upside down and right and left. CONSTITUTION:A character pattern generating portion 41 which has two kinds of fonts consisting of the first which includes normal patterns of all characters and the second font which includes patterns of those characters that are reversed in the way as upside down and right and left is provided, and with the use of a page data memory 43 and a video signal generation control means 44 a video signal 45 which is appropriate for filing position of a recording paper is generated per raster unit.

Abstract: The present terminal, which is particularly suitable for word processing is provided with the capability of affecting mid-line pitch changes. It includes a printer (10) having means for receiving a selected one of a plurality of type or character font elements. The pitch of character font elements are different from each other. The printer includes means for selectively impacting selected characters form selected fonts along lines in a document. The terminal further includes control apparatus (13) forcontrolling and determining the selection of font elements to be used and in the case of printing with a particular font element, the characters to be printed in respective positions along the lines of the document to provide the desired document format. The control apparatus includes means for controlling the printing with at least two different font elements having different pitch along a single line.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To input a general word and a proper noun, or a punctuation mark easily, by utilizing a capital letter and a small letter among English letters, or '','' and ''.'' in English writing. CONSTITUTION:For example, when KANJI (Chinese character) ''koufu'' as a general word is iputted, ''kouhu'' is inputted on a keyboard 1 and a KANJI conversion request is made; a general word KANJI dictionary file 3 is accessed under the control of an input character discrimination processing block 2 to extract homonyms, which are monitored through a character font pattern generator 6, character display control block 7, and the display function part of a display equipment 8 to select the corresponding characters. When a proper noun is inputted, its initial letter or all letters are inputted in capitals and a KANJI conversion request is made; KANJI is found in a proper noun dictionary file 4 and displayed. A KANA (Japanese syllabrary) input is also converted similarly by using a Roman Character/KANA conversion table. Then, '','' and ''.'' on the keyboard are used for punctuation marks and converted into a comma and a full stop for Japanese in response to a conversion request.

Abstract: We are clearly well-launched into the age of digital printing. The type which our children will read in near future is going to be described, stored, and typeset in digital form. Unfortunately, the graphics industry in India has still remained almost unaffected by these technological advances. In this paper, after a tentative review of the earlier works, we have discussed the relevant design issues to be considered to create a digital type font design and typesetting environment. Special emphasis has been given to the design of a multi-lingual workstation which may liberate the Indian typography industry from the dust of the past. We have also discussed the constraints placed on font design and reproduction by the low resolution medium. The basic idea presented here has emerged from our experience with the development of an alphabet design system PaLATINO at NCSDCT and our working experience with METAFONT, Letter IP, and IKARUS systems.

Abstract: PURPOSE:To make a dictionary small and to increase the speed of processing by performing dictionary retrieval for all fonts by reading of the first several patterns, discriminating the font of highest identification frequency, and leaving only data of that font in the dictinary CONSTITUTION:Dictionary retrieving devices CPUB1-3 apply candidate character codes, data indicating similarity to candidate character parameters, and data that indicates the font of candidate characters to a digital comparator CP1 and a gate G The digital comparator CP1 compares the values of data, and applies a signal to a multiplexer MP and a gate G to select a signal coming from a dictionary retrieving device that outputs the data of the highest similarity The digital comparator CP2 compares the output data of counters COalpha, CObeta and COgamma and outputs a font judging signal to a recognition controlling device CPUA When the font of a slip is discriminated, retrieval for other font is not made in the subsequent recognition

Abstract: Phonetic typesetting has always been a difficult undertaking. As long as typesetting was the business of professional typesetters, the ordinary transcriptionist did not have to worry very much about this. Today, typesetting techniques are downgraded by a variety of other textprocessing machines, ranging from electrostatic printers, or other non-impact printers that use digitized font information, to impact printers, such as print-wheel and selectric typewriters (see Hsu (1982)). It is the output of this kind of printer that can be used for camera-ready copy. Moreover, the area of influence of the author is extended since he himself has access to such textprocessing machines (see the TEX user group movement, explained below). Some years ago, most of the text-processing machines were quite inflexible; they could not cope with additional symbols or additional fonts. Early attempts to make phonological and phonetic data representable in such textprocessing systems had to accept existing symbols, and mappings between existing standard symbols (the ASCII code, for example) had to be established, sometimes on the basis of similarity (& for epsilon, for example) (see Millar/Oasa (1981), Wothke (1981), Roach (personal communication, 1981). Now that it is possible to define character sets for matrix representation (Pfeiffer-Rupp (1981a), (1982a), Neuhaus (1983)), both for printer representation and for representation on a visual display (Pfeiffer-Rupp (1981b)), it is no longer necessary to operate with such makeshift devices—which demand an additional level of coding within the same alphabet and often lead to the idea that the ASCII code is adequate for everybody's purposes, which is what the graphics industry would like to hear from us.

Abstract: Des adolescents, élèves en formation professionnelle, viennent animer la bibliothèque dans une maternelle, racontent ou lisent des histoires aux enfants, une fois par semaine.