Flow injection analysis

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Abstract: Flow-injection analysis, founded on an approach that is entirely different from continuous-flow analysis, involves use of three principles: sample "injection," controlled dispersion of sample (rather than a dispersion retarded with gas bubbles), and reproducible timing. The conditions governing the dispersion of the sample in the flowing carrier stream are considered, and we illustrate how the dispersion can be manipulated to suit particular analytical requirements. Instrumentation and practical aspects of flow-injection analyses are discussed, especially with regard to clinical chemistry applications, and the technique is compared with the more conventional gas-segmented-flow analysis system. We conclude that, because of its speed, economy, and simplicity, flow-injection analysis will eventually replace the gas-segmented approach for many clinical chemistry analyses.

Abstract: Basic principles of flow injection analysis general characeristics of flow injection flow injection separation techniques general instrumentation flow injection liquid-liquid extraction sorption flow injection gas-liquid separation flow injection on-line dialysis on-line precipitation environmental and agricultural applications clinical and pharmaceutical applications