TL;DR: The great majority of renal cell tumors are found incidentally, and the tumor stage is the same in the incidentally discovered cases as it is in the symptomatic cases.
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for determining the orientation of average tectonic stress, using surface features indicating radial dike patterns of volcanoes, is proposed, based on the understanding that flank eruptions are caused by the magma that laterally offshoots from the main polygenetic pipe conduit and that conduits of flank volcanoes are most probably fissure-shaped.
TL;DR: A wide variety of monitoring techniques have been developed for the online detection of flank wear in tool condition monitoring system (TCMS) as discussed by the authors, including signal acquisition, signal processing and feature extraction.
Abstract: Flank wear is the most commonly observed and unavoidable phenomenon in metal cutting which is also a major source of economic loss resulting due to material loss and machine down time. A wide variety of monitoring techniques have been developed for the online detection of flank wear. In order to provide a broad view of flank wear monitoring techniques and their implementation in tool condition monitoring system (TCMS), this paper reviews three key features of a TCMS, namely (1) signal acquisition, (2) signal processing and feature extraction, and (3) artificial intelligence techniques for decision making.
TL;DR: In this paper, multiple linear regression models and neural network models are developed for predicting surface roughness and tool flank wear in finish turning of AISI D2 steels using ceramic wiper (multi-radii) design inserts.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed cutting tools with various textured surfaces to increase cutting tool life, and introduced the textured surface into a flank face of cutting tools to improve flank wear resistance.
Abstract: We have proposed cutting tools with various textured surfaces to increase cutting tool life. Our previous studies have developed cutting tools having periodical stripe-grooved surfaces on their rake face formed using femtosecond laser technology, which displayed high crater wear resistance in cutting of steel materials. In this study, the mechanism for suppressing the crater wear on the tool surface and the relationship between texture dimensions and wear resistance were investigated to provide a guideline for developing tools with textured surfaces. Furthermore, we newly introduced the textured surfaces into a flank face of cutting tools to improve flank wear resistance. Face milling experiments on steel materials exhibited that the newly developed tool having the textured flank face significantly reduced the flank wear. Moreover, the influences of texture dimensions and cutting conditions on the flank wear resistance were also discussed.