TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the record of FOCs to analyse the effects of globalisation upon the working lives of seafarers, using a flag state conformance index (FLASCI) created by the authors.
TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that although IMO conventions have probably greatly improved shipping safety, they cannot credibly be held to be the chief cause of reduced accident rates as claimed in a recent Marine Policy article, when the documented failures of flag state and port state implementation continue to leave vessels sailing with grave deficiencies.
TL;DR: In this paper, the legal basis for non-flag enforcement in high-seas fisheries is discussed, including the failure of flag state Jurisdiction, the General Law of the Sea, and the Juridical Bases for Non-Flag Enforcement in High Seas Fisheries.
Abstract: Acknowledgements, Abbreviations, Introduction, Formulation of the Problem, The Objective of the Study, The Framework for the Enquiry, The Outline and Scope of the Study, Part I The Legal Basis for Non-Flag Enforcement in High Seas Fisheries, Chapter 1 The Failure of Flag State Jurisdiction, Chapter 2 Non-Flag Enforcement in the General Law of the Sea, Chapter 3 The Juridical Bases for Non-Flag Enforcement in High Seas Fisheries, Part II Practive within regional Fisheries Organisations, Chapter 4 Regional Fisheries Organisations Dealing with Anadromous Species, Chapter 5 Regional Fisheries Organisations Dealing with Highly Migratory Species, Chapter 6 Regional Fisheries Organisations Dealing with Straddling Fish Stocks, Chapter 7 Regional Fisheries Organisations Currently Being Established, Part III Analysis and Conclusions, Chapter 8 The Status of Non-Flag Enforcement in High Seas Fisheries, Chapter 9 Conclusion: The Future of Non-Flag Enforcement in High Seas Fisheries, Table of Treaties, Agreements and Declarations, Table of Legislation, Table of Cases, Bibliography, Index.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight some potential options for the content of a new UNCLOS Implementing Agreement, including the sharing of benefits, area-based management tools, including marine protected areas, environmental impact assessments, capacity-building and the transfer of marine technology.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors retrace the history of international shipping safety developments, focusing particularly on the evolution of industry risk management tools, the growth in world-wide shipping in the 20th century, and the increasingly significant roles being played by non-flag state act.
Abstract: While responsibility for shipping safety is the prime responsibility of the flag states, port state control initiatives and industry self-regulation that has evolved in reaction to them have driven international progress toward the elimination of substandard shipping over the past 20 years. Since 1982, unilateral and multilateral efforts to combat substandard shipping have grown in number and in scope. Despite attempts to improve "flag state implementation" in recent years, the reality is that improved compliance with international standards is being accomplished primarily as a result of the pressure applied on the industry by responsible port states and by the reactive, and in some cases parallel, efforts of industry leaders. This article retraces the history of international shipping safety developments, focusing particularly on the evolution of industry risk management tools, the growth in world-wide shipping in the 20th century, and the increasingly significant roles being played by non?flag state act...