TL;DR: English as a lingua franca (ELF) has emerged as a way of referring to communication in English between speakers with different first languages as discussed by the authors, and most ELF interactions take place among non-native speakers of English.
Abstract: In recent years, the term ‘English as a lingua franca’ (ELF) has emerged as a way of referring to communication in English between speakers with different first languages. Since roughly only one out of every four users of English in the world is a native speaker of the language (Crystal 2003), most ELF interactions take place among ‘non-native’ speakers of English. Although this does not preclude the participation of English native speakers in ELF interaction, what is distinctive about ELF is that, in most cases, it is ‘a ‘contact language’ between persons who share neither a common native tongue nor a common (national) culture, and for whom English is the chosen foreign language of communication’ (Firth 1996: 240).
TL;DR: In this paper, Firth, Hill and Giddens present a comparative analysis of two short texts and a corpus. But they do not discuss the relationship between the two texts and the corpus.
Abstract: List of Figures, Concordances and Tables. Acknowledgements. Data Conventions and Terminology. Notes on Corpus Data and Software. Part I: Concepts and History:. 1. Texts and Text Types. 2. British Traditions in Text Analysis: Firth, Halliday and Sinclair. 3. Institutional Linguistics: Firth, Hill and Giddens. Part II: Text and Corpus Analysis:. 4. Baden--Powell: A Comparative Analysis of Two Short Texts. 5. Judging the Facts: An Analysis of One Text in its Institutional Context. 6. Human and Inhuman Geography: A Comparative Analysis of Two Long Texts and a Corpus. 7. Keywords, Collocations and Culture: The Analysis of Word Meanings across Corpora. 8. Towards a Modal Grammar of English: A Matter of Prolonged Fieldwork. 9. The Classic Questions. Notes. References. Name Index. Subject Index.
TL;DR: The authors discuss empirical research linking second language learning and identity that has been published since Firth and Wagner (1997) and conclude with some suggestions about future directions for identity-in-SLA research.
Abstract: Although Firth and Wagner (1997) did not explicitly discuss the issue of identity in second language acquisition (SLA) research, their article was symptomatic of a general trend to open up SLA to social theory and sociological and sociolinguistic research, which in turn led some researchers to explore links between second language (L2) learning and identity. In this article, I discuss empirical research linking L2 learning and identity that has been published since Firth and Wagner. I begin with a discussion of the broadly poststructuralist approach to identity, which has become the approach of choice among researchers taking this line of enquiry. I then critically review key publications carried out in three distinct L2 learning contexts: naturalistic, foreign language, and study abroad. I conclude with some suggestions about future directions for identity-in-SLA research.
TL;DR: This book discusses Corpus Linguistics and Translation Studies - Implications and Applications for the Study of Collocation, Translation, and Psycholinguistics, as well as teaching, Text and Technology - A Hypermedia Environment.
Abstract: 1. Foreword 2. British Traditions in Text Analysis - From Firth to Sinclair (by Stubbs, Michael) 3. 1. Spoken and Written Discourse 4. Inexplicitness - A Feature of Naturalness in Conversation (by Warren, Martin) 5. Topic as a Dynamic Element in Spoken Discourse (by Hazadiah, Mohd Dahan) 6. Interpreting Multi-act Moves in Spoken Discourse (by Tsui, Amy B.M.) 7. Theme and Prospection in Written Discourse (by Mauranen, Anna) 8. Professional Conflict - Disagreement in Academic Discourse (by Hunston, Susan) 9. 2. Corpus Studies: Theory and Practice 10. A Corpus-Driven Approach to Grammar - Principles, Methods and Examples (by Francis, Gill) 11. Irony in the Text or Insincerity in the Writer? - The Diagnostic Potential of Semantic Prosodies (by Louw, Bill) 12. Corpus Evidence of Language Change - The Case of the Intensifier (by Partington, Alan) 13. Interpretative Nodes in Discourse - Actual and Actually (by Tognini-Bonelli, Elena) 14. Who Can Make Nice a Better Word Than Pretty? - Collocation, Translation, and Psycholinguistics (by Malmkjaer, Kirsten) 15. Corpus Linguistics and Translation Studies - Implications and Applications (by Baker, Mona) 16. 3. Text and Technology: Computational Tools 17. A Prototype Boundary Marker (by Coniam, David) 18. From Firth Principles - Computational Tools for the Study of Collocation (by Clear, Jeremy) 19. Statistical Methods and Large Corpora - A New Tool for Describing Text Types (by Nakamura, Junsaku) 20. The Automatic Analysis of Dictionaries - Parsing Cobuild Explanations (by Barnbrook, Geoff) 21. Teaching, Text and Technology - A Hypermedia Environment (by Allen, Margaret) 22. Index