TL;DR: New evidence is given that the juvenile hormone has an indirect effect on respiration due to its increasing the amount of tissue that actively participates in the total metabolism of both larvae and adults.
TL;DR: The red colour represents a more effective signal than the yellow; predation by birds could have played a crucial role in selectively favoured evolutionary transitions from yellow to red coloration in pyrrhocorids.
TL;DR: A new member of the AKH/RPCH family was isolated and identified from the corpora cardiaca of the firebug Pyrrhocoris apterus, and is the first identified adipokinetic hormone described in a representative species of the suborder Heteroptera.
TL;DR: Present review provides the first selective summary of data published in almost 300 papers on the red firebug, Pyrrhocoris apterus, with a focus on the problems of determination of metameric pattern, cold hardiness and biorhythms.
Abstract: The red firebug, Pyrrhocoris apterus (L), has been a convenient model for biological research for a long time The interest in P apterus increased especially with the discovery in the mid-1960's of the so-called ''paper factor'', ie, a substance with juvenile hormone activity Considerable research has been done on this model insect in research topics such as biogeography, embryology, developmental and reproductive biology, theoretical and applied endocrinology, biochemistry, cytogenetics and formal genetics, bionomics, ethology, pathology, voltinism, diapause, wing polymorphism, migration, pathogens, symbiotes and predators Some of the newest studies are directed toward the problems of determination of metameric pattern, cold hardiness and biorhythms Present review provides the first selective summary of data published in almost 300 papers
TL;DR: Reactions of nine passerine bird species to the firebug Pyrrhocoris apterus wildtype (brachypterous adults) and its artificially obtained (painted) brown non-aposematic variant were compared and can be interpreted in terms of the presence of a higher proportion of experienced individuals among insectivorous than among omnivorous species.