Femto-

Abstract: This book provides an in-depth guide to femtocell technologies In this book, the authors provide a comprehensive and organized explanation of the femtocell concepts, architecture, air interface technologies, and challenging issues arising from the deployment of femtocells, such as interference, mobility management and self-organization. The book details a system level simulation based methodology addressing the key concerns of femtocell deployment such as interference between femto and macrocells, and the performance of both femto and macrocell layers. In addition, key research topics in interference modeling and mitigation, mobility management and Self-Organizing Network (SON) are highlighted. The authors also introduce HNB/HeNB standardization in 3GPP.. Furthermore, access methods (closed, open and hybrid), applications, timing synchronization, health issues, business models and security are discussed. The authors also provide a comparison between femtocells and other indoor coverage techniques such as picocells, repeaters, distributed antenna systems and radio over fiber. Lastly, both CDMA and OFDMA based femtocells are covered. Key Features: Provides a comprehensive reference on femtocells and related topics Offers the latest research results on femtocells based on simulation and measurements Gives an overview of indoor coverage techniques such as picocells, repeaters, distributed antenna systems, radio over fiber and femtocells Includes chapters on femtocell access network architecture, air interface technologies (GSM, UMTS, HSPA, WiMAX and LTE), femtocell simulation, interference analysis and mitigation in femto/macrocell networks, mobility management in femto/macrocell networks, femtocell self-organization and other key challenges such as timing synchronization and security faced by femtocell deployment Points to over 240 references from 3GPP, The Femto Forum, journals and conference proceedings This book will be an invaluable guide for RF engineers from operators, R&D engineers from femtocells hardware manufacturers, employees from regulatory bodies, radio network planners, academics and researchers from universities and research organizations. Students undertaking wireless communications courses will also find this book insightful.

Abstract: We observed generation of stable picoseconds pulse train and double-scale optical lumps with picosecond envelope and femtosecond noise-like oscillations in the same Yb-doped fiber laser with all-positive-dispersion cavity mode-locked due to the effect of non-linear polarization evolution. In the noise-like pulse generation regime the auto-correlation function has a non-usual double (femto- and picosecond) scale shape. We discuss mechanisms of laser switching between two operation regimes and demonstrate a good qualitative agreement between experimental results and numerical modeling based on modified nonlinear Schrodinger equations.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus provide access control to a femto radio base station (28f) of a radio access network (24). The radio access network (24) maintains a database (44) of allowed user equipment units which are to be permitted access for use of a femto radio base station (28f). The database (44) is consulted and used to determine if a candidate user equipment (30) unit attempting to use the femto radio base station (28f) for access to the radio access network (24) is to be given access. In some implementations, the candidate user equipment unit (30) is permitted to use the femto radio base station (28f) only if the candidate user equipment unit is an allowed user equipment unit as determined by the database (44). In some implementations, if the candidate user equipment unit (30) is not an allowed user equipment unit as determined by the database (44), the candidate user equipment unit is redirected to another frequency, or to another cell, or to another radio access technology network. In some implementations, if the candidate user equipment unit (30) is not an allowed user equipment unit as determined by the database (44), the candidate user equipment unit is required to wait for a specified wait time before again attempting to use the femto radio base station (28f) for access to the radio access network.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus configure a femto radio base station (28f). A macro receiver of the femto radio base station (28f) is used to acquire detected coverage information of a radio access network (24). The detected coverage information is used to determine an operation parameter for use by the macro transceiver (52) of the femto radio base station (28f). In one embodiment, the detected coverage information is transmitted to a control node (26) of the radio access network. The control node (26) determines the operation parameter and communicates the operation parameter to the femto radio base station (28f). The femto radio base station (28f) is accordingly configured using the operation parameter for further operation towards UEs (30) accessing the femto radio base station (28f).