TL;DR: Mouritsen as mentioned in this paper presents an original synthesis of Rome's political institutions and practices, focusing particularly on the role of the populus Romanus and the way its powers were expressed in the popular assemblies, and explores continuity and change in Roman politics as well as the process by which the republican system was eventually replaced by monarchy.
Abstract: The politics of the Roman Republic has in recent decades been the subject of intense debate, covering issues such as the degree of democracy and popular influence, 'parties' and ideology, politics as public ritual, and the character of Rome's political culture. This engaging book examines all these issues afresh, and presents an original synthesis of Rome's political institutions and practices. It begins by explaining the development of the Roman constitution over time before turning to the practical functioning of the Republic, focusing particularly on the role of the populus Romanus and the way its powers were expressed in the popular assemblies. Henrik Mouritsen concludes by exploring continuity and change in Roman politics as well as the process by which the republican system was eventually replaced by monarchy. This original and readable book will be important for all students and scholars of Roman history and of politics in general.
TL;DR: The early Republic of the Roman Republic as mentioned in this paper, which is the basis of this paper, is a good starting point for a discussion of the influence of the early Republic on the modern Roman Republic.
Abstract: Introduction to the second edition Introduction to the first edition Part I. Political and Military History: 1. The early Republic S. P. Oakley 2. Power and process under the republican 'constitution' T. Corey Brennan 3. The Roman army and navy David Potter 4. The crisis of the Republic Jurgen von Ungern-Sternberg Part II. Roman Society: 5. Under Roman roofs: family, house, and household Karl-Joachim Hoelkeskamp 6. Women in the Roman Republic Phyllis Culham 7. Population Saskia Hin 8. The Republican economy and Roman law: regulation, promotion, or reflection? Jean-Jacques Aubert 9. The great transformation: slavery and the free Republic Brent D. Shaw 10. Roman religion Joerg Rupke Part III. Rome's Empire: 11. Italy and the Roman Republic 338-331 BC Kathryn Lomas 12. Rome and Carthage John F. Lazenby 13. Rome and the Greek world Erich S. Gruen 14. The rise of empire in the West (264-250 BC) Josiah Osgood Part IV. Roman Culture: 15. Literature in the Roman Republic Elaine Fantham 16. Roman art during the Republic Ann L. Kuttner 17. Spectacle and political culture in the Roman Republic Harriet I. Flower Part V. Epilogue: The Influence of the Roman Republic: 18. The Roman Republic and the French and American Revolutions Mortimer N. S. Sellers.