Topic
Explicit cost
About: Explicit cost is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 85 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1384 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
TL;DR: In this article, a cost-based reactive power dispatch methodology is presented, which minimizes the total cost of reactive power support and determines the resultant reactive profile, and this cost is further expanded to include the pricing of reactive powers.
Abstract: The transfer of real power cannot be realized without reactive power/voltage support. However, compared with real power, the idea of reactive power costing and pricing is still not well defined. In this paper, the economic cost of reactive power is first analyzed. This cost includes the explicit and opportunity cost from various generation sources, such as generators, and the explicit cost from various transmission sources, such as reactive compensators, tap-changing transformers and the cost of transmission losses. Different from previous objectives functions, in this paper a cost-based reactive power dispatch is presented, which minimizes the total cost of reactive power support and determines the resultant reactive profile. This cost-based reactive power dispatch methodology provides information on the costing of reactive power and the information may be further expanded to include the pricing of reactive power.
273 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors survey the limited data that exists concerning the cost of making/receiving a payment by banks, retailers, and other parties to a transaction, and show that an electronic payment costs between one-third and one-half that of a paper-based instrument, a country may save 1% of its GDP annually as it shifts from a fully paper based to a fully electronic-based payment system.
Abstract: We survey the limited data that exists concerning the cost of making/receiving a payment by banks, retailers, and other parties to a transaction. Since an electronic payment costs between one-third and onehalf that of a paper-based instrument, a country may sa ve 1% of its GDP annually as it shifts from a fully paper-based to a fully electronic-ba sed payment system. Some gains have already been realized. Additional analysis indicates that bank costs of making a payment may have fallen by 45% in Europe as the share of electronic transactions in 12 countries rose from .43 to .79 over 1987-1999.
132 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a three-region, five-sector operational ICGE model of the United States has been calibrated from a 51 region, 124 sector public data base, which explicitly includes transportation and wholesaling services and the costs of moving products based on origin-destination pairs.
Abstract: Interregional computable general equilibrium (ICGE) models are useful new tools for investigating questions of spatial equity and efficiency, especially if they consider the explicit costs of movement across space. In this paper, we outline a three-region, five-sector operational ICGE model of the United States which has been calibrated from a 51 region, 124 sector public data base. This model explicitly includes transportation and wholesaling services and the costs of moving products based on origin-destination pairs. Through the use of a counterfactual scenario, the ICGE's explicit specification is compared with a well known implicit method — to observe how the predicted regional production pattern is affected. The proposed explicit method is seen to provide a more focused description of the spatial economic impacts that result from changes in the production of transportation services.
79 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors take a simple model of two firms in competition, with explicit cost functions and an explicit demand function, and examine the behavior of the firms on the basis of each of several theories.
Abstract: : The purpose of this paper was to take a simple model of two firms in competition, with explicit cost functions and an explicit demand function, and to examine the behavior of the firms on the basis of each of several theories. It was assumed there is no collusion among the buyers, so that the demand function remains fixed and describes the action of the market. Each theory discussed, except the 'contract curve' of Edgeworth, gives a uniquely determined pair of production rates, and all the others, with the exception of the Von Neumann and Morgenstern solution, determine the profit made by each of the two producers. Graphs are given showing the production rates and profits for the various solutions, and will serve to compare the effect of the different formulations on the behavior of the firms.
75 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid cost estimation system for rotational parts that uses a combination of the variant approach and explicit cost calculations is presented. But the system is not suitable for machined parts.
Abstract: Estimating the manufacturing cost of a machined part is a critical task with high importance to manufacturing firms. Accurate cost estimation is important for cost control, successful bidding for jobs, and maintaining a competitive position in the marketplace. There are three main approaches towards cost estimation: estimation based on past experience (variant cost estimation), estimation based on explicit cost computations, and parametric cost estimation. This paper presents a hybrid cost estimation system for rotational parts that uses a combination of the variant approach and explicit cost calculations. The variant approach is used to retrieve machining parameters from a database of past parameters. The explicit cost calculations are based on the part geometry, the cutting tools available and the machining parameters retrieved. The system presented calculates the time that a part needs to stay on the machine. This time, which includes processing, set-up (chucking and re-chucking) as well as tool change...
67 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 2 |
| 2020 | 3 |
| 2019 | 1 |
| 2018 | 3 |
| 2017 | 3 |
| 2016 | 2 |