TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue for cross-disciplinary perspectives on how we think about and manage information (in the sense of data that is not previously known, either by us, or by our intended audience), and link this to common knowledge.
Abstract: In this chapter I argue for cross-disciplinary perspectives on how we think about and manage information (in the sense of data that is not previously known, either by us, or by our intended audience), and link this to . Common knowledge is a precise formulation
of the everyday assumption that some parts of what we know are known to other people and so need not be made explicit to them. Those parts can be excised, as exformation (parts of a message that can be removed by the sender, prior to transmission, without
affecting the ability of recipients to understand the import of the message). In discussing those concepts and their implications, I consider the effects of some relevant human biases and social conventions on how we acquire, interpret, contest, discard, model and use information to inform action (in the formal sense of reasoned choice as well as its everyday sense). To make this concrete, and to highlight the importance of disagreements, I use some brief case studies.
TL;DR: The hypothesis that creation of information is only one side of inquiry is presented, which challenges the design effort and design processes in designing information systems and pleads for new approaches to the design of exformation systems.
Abstract: The paper presents the hypothesis that creation of information is only one side of inquiry. The creation of exformation as the context, the history, and the process behind the creation of the end product of inquiry — information — must be paid just as much attention. The paper goes on to examine the signs for the need for exformation systems in exploring the possibilities for an ethical global information society. It challenges the design effort and design processes in designing information systems and pleads for new approaches to the design of exformation systems. Finally it attempts to sketch three possible approaches for the design and exploration of exformation systems.
TL;DR: This chapter conceptualizes a new way of understanding information systems development through the lenses of inquiring practice, Socratic dialogue, and the uncovering of exformation, and shows that by applying this approach, it can enhance the inquiring capabilities of organizations, and thereby facilitate design and development of better information systems.
Abstract: One of the oldest themes in information systems (IS) research concerns the relationship between developers and users of information systems. Over the years, IS scholars and IS practitioners have addressed the problem in a variety of ways, often focusing on how the use of social techniques can improve understanding between the two parties. Users, however, still find themselves working with systems, which do not match their requirements, needs, and expectations. We suggest that the problematic developer-user dynamic can be addressed by introducing an inquiring practice approach to information systems development. Consequently, this chapter conceptualizes a new way of understanding information systems development through the lenses of inquiring practice, Socratic dialogue, and the uncovering of exformation. We show that by applying this approach, we can enhance the inquiring capabilities of organizations, and thereby facilitate design and development of better information systems.