Topic
Executive functions
About: Executive functions is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 8293 publications have been published within this topic receiving 397300 citations. The topic is also known as: cognitive control & executive function.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
TL;DR: The results suggest that it is important to recognize both the unity and diversity ofExecutive functions and that latent variable analysis is a useful approach to studying the organization and roles of executive functions.
15,011 citations
TL;DR: A theoretical model that links inhibition to 4 executive neuropsychological functions that appear to depend on it for their effective execution is constructed and finds it to be strongest for deficits in behavioral inhibition, working memory, regulation of motivation, and motor control in those with ADHD.
Abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comprises a deficit in behavioral inhibition. A theoretical model is constructed that links inhibition to 4 executive neuropsychological functions that appear to depend on it for their effective execution: (a) working memory, (b) self-regulation of affect-motivation-arousal, (c) internalization of speech, and (d) reconstitution (behavioral analysis and synthesis). Extended to ADHD, the model predicts that ADHD should be associated with secondary impairments in these 4 executive abilities and the motor control they afford. The author reviews evidence for each of these domains of functioning and finds it to be strongest for deficits in behavioral inhibition, working memory, regulation of motivation, and motor control in those with ADHD. Although the model is promising as a potential theory of self-control and ADHD, far more research is required to evaluate its merits and the many predictions it makes about ADHD.
7,559 citations
Book•
1 Jan 1991
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a comprehensive assessment of mood, personality and adaptive functions of individuals in terms of test scores and scores of motor function, executive function, and attention.
Abstract: 1. Psychometrics in Neuropsychological Assessment 2. Norms Selection in Neuropsychological Assessment 3. History Taking 4. Test Selection, Test Administration, and Preparation of the Patient 5. Report Writing and Feedback Sessions 6. General Cognitive Functioning, Neuropsychological Batteries, and Assessment of Premorbid Intelligence 7. Achievement Tests 8. Executive Functions 9. Attention 10. Memory 11. Language Tests 12. Tests of Visual Perception 13. Tests of Somatosensory Function, Olfactory Funcation, and Body Orientation 14. Tests of Motor Function 15. Assessment of Mood, Personality and Adaptive Functions 16. Assessment of Response Bias and Suboptimal Performance
7,551 citations
TL;DR: Attentional control theory is an approach to anxiety and cognition representing a major development of Eysenck and Calvo's (1992) processing efficiency theory and may not impair performance effectiveness when it leads to the use of compensatory strategies (e.g., enhanced effort; increased use of processing resources).
Abstract: Attentional control theory is an approach to anxiety and cognition representing a major development of Eysenck and Calvo's (1992) processing efficiency theory. It is assumed that anxiety impairs efficient functioning of the goal-directed attentional system and increases the extent to which processing is influenced by the stimulus-driven attentional system. In addition to decreasing attentional control, anxiety increases attention to threat-related stimuli. Adverse effects of anxiety on processing efficiency depend on two central executive functions involving attentional control: inhibition and shifting. However, anxiety may not impair performance effectiveness (quality of performance) when it leads to the use of compensatory strategies (e.g., enhanced effort; increased use of processing resources). Directions for future research are discussed.
4,749 citations
TL;DR: Difficulties with EF appear to be one important component of the complex neuropsychology of ADHD, and moderate effect sizes and lack of universality of EF deficits among individuals with ADHD suggest that EF weaknesses are neither necessary nor sufficient to cause all cases of ADHD.
3,599 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2026 | 1 |
| 2025 | 342 |
| 2024 | 563 |
| 2023 | 611 |
| 2022 | 1,088 |
| 2021 | 747 |