Topic
Entisol
About: Entisol is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1319 publications have been published within this topic receiving 27656 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
1 / 2
Papers
TL;DR: The relationship between soil net nitrogen (N) mineralization, aboveground N cycling, and aboveground net primary production (ANPP) for temperate forest ecosystems is unclear as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The generality of relationships between soil net nitrogen (N) mineralization, aboveground N cycling, and aboveground net primary production (ANPP) for temperate forest ecosystems is unclear. It is also not known whether these variables and their rela- tionships differ between evergreen and deciduous forests, or across soil types. To address these questions we compiled data on annual rates of in situ net N mineralization and ANPP for 16 conifer and 34 hardwood forests, including plantations and natural stands on a range of soils at six locations in Wisconsin and Minnesota, USA. For 31 natural stands, 48 stands with native species (including plantations), and all data, ANPP increased linearly with annual net N mineralization rates. Native evergreen conifer and two deciduous hardwood types (oaks and mesic hardwoods) followed similar patterns in this regression, indicating common functional relationships at the ecosystem level. The relationship of N mineraliza- tion and ANPP differed between finer textured Alfisol soils and sandier Entisols, with higher ANPP at any given N mineralization level in Alfisols. A multiple regression of N mineralization on soil texture (percentage silt plus clay), litterfall N, and mean annual temperature explained 81% of the variance in annual N mineralization for natural stands, and a multiple regression of ANPP on soil texture and annual N mineralization rate explained 83% of the variance in ANPP. Naturally regenerated forest types differed in mean annual net N mineralization, litterfall N, and ANPP, and all were greater in oaks than in mesic hardwoods or conifers, respectively. However, differences among the 50 stands and six locations were largely a result of dif- ferences in soils and stand origin. For all natural hardwood stands, ANPP and N miner- alization were greater on fine-textured Alfisols than on sandy Entisols. For evergreen co- nifers, ANPP and N mineralization were greater in plantations on Alfisols than in natural stands on Histosols, Entisols, or Spodosols. Hardwood and evergreen conifer stands did not differ significantly in ANPP or N mineralization on comparable soils and stand origin: they differed neither as plantations on Alfisols nor as natural stands on Entisols. This suggests that observed average differences among natural forest types in ANPP and N mineralization resulted largely from variation in their distribution on differing soils, and not from feedback effects on N mineralization or differing productivity per available N. These data suggest that, at a regional scale, at least half of the variation in ANPP can be attributed to variation in annual N mineralization. Both ANPP and N mineralization differ more strongly with soil type/parent material than with forest type; ANPP at any given level of N mineralization is higher on silty/loamy Alfisols than on sandy Entisols, Histosols, or Spodosols, but not different for coniferous and broad-leaved deciduous species. There is no indication of N saturation of ANPP within the range of natural N availability in these
549 citations
TL;DR: In this article, organic fertilizer produced by composting 62% town wastes, 21% sewage sludge and 17% sawdust by volume, was applied at the rates of 0 (control), 75, 150 and 300 m3 ha−1 to loamy and clay soils, in order to investigate its potential for soil improvement.
535 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the relationship between charcoal addition and soil microbial biomass and activity among temperate soils, and found that charcoal additions affected microbial biomass, microbial activity, and nutrient availability in relatively similar ways in all four soils that they studied, suggesting considerable predictability in response to charcoal application.
Abstract: Wildfi re-produced charcoal is a common component of soils, affecting a range of important abiotic and biotic soil processes. Our ability to predict the effects of charcoal addition to soil is currently limited, however, by our understanding of how charcoal affects the soil microbial community mediating many of these processes. This study sought to improve our understanding of the relationship between charcoal addition and soil microbial biomass and activity among temperate soils. Charcoal was added to four distinct temperate soils, a Mollisol, an Alfi sol, an Entisol, and a Spodosol, at fi ve application levels ranging from 0 to 0.1 kg charcoal kg −1 soil, and incubated at 25°C with measurements at approximately 0, 1.5, and 3 mo. We hypothesized that microbial biomass and activity would increase with increasing charcoal application in all soils, but the relative magnitude of the response would depend on the texture and fertility of each soil. As hypothesized, microbial biomass and activity and Bray P increased signifi cantly with increasing charcoal application, while extractable N decreased. The coniferous forest soil provided a notable exception to the general patterns of N availability, having the highest total extractable N at the highest charcoal application level. Our results suggest that charcoal additions affected microbial biomass, microbial activity, and nutrient availability in relatively similar ways in all four soils that we studied, suggesting considerable predictability in response to charcoal application. Differences in the magnitude of the microbial response, however, appeared dependent on differences in nutrient availability among soils.
486 citations
TL;DR: The Mediterranean region is characterized by winter rains with some months of excess rainfall over evatranspiration, warm and dry summer months with moisutre deficits, drying out soils and their annual vegetation.
Abstract: Mediterranean climates are characterized by winter rains — with some months of excess rainfall over evatranspiration, warm and dry summer months with moisutre deficits — drying out soils and their annual vegetation (xeric moisture regime). They are found on western parts of all continents, between the cooler temperature zone and the hot dry desert zone. The largest Mediterranean region, surrounding the Mediterranean Sea extends over 4,300,000 km2 and exhibits a wide variety of soils and geo-ecosystems. Characteristics landscape attributes are the high proportion of mountains with sleep slopes, significant additions of Saharan desert dust to practically all soils of the region, and a large proportion of limestone and other calcareous rocks as soil parent materials. Characteristics soil behavior features are moderate weathering with pervection (leaching, lessivage) of mostly 2:1 clays into B horizons (Xeralfs:Luvisols), hematite-induced reddening of the clays due to summer dehydration of free iron oxyhydroxides, carbonate dissolution and reprecipitation with prevalence of calcic horizons (Xerolls; Calcisols) in semiarid regions, and development of Vertisols, mostly in lowlands, where deep layers of swelling/cracking clays have sedimented. Shallows soils on nearly bare slopes, mostly a result of erosion subsequent to deforestation, are frequent (Leptosols, Cambiosols; Inceptisols, Entisols). Red (or Brown) Mediterranean soils are no longer used as a separate classification group in modern, well defined, soil property-controlled taxonomies (Soil Taxonomy; FAO system), but were partially replaced by Duchaufour's term Fersiallitic soils in some classification systems. Terra Rossa continues to be used in some classification for hard limestone derived red soils, mostly shallow. The effects of man's past and current interference with the lanscape are pervasive in most regions, and predictions for possible future effects on the soils and ecosystems, due to greenhouse gas induced warming and rainfall change, are partly negative, partly still too uncertain.
461 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the soil C pools under N•fixing trees with Eucalyptus (non-N•fixers) at four tropical sites.
Abstract: Forests with nitrogen-fixing trees (N‐fixers) typically accumulate more carbon (C) in soils than similar forests without N‐fixing trees. This difference may develop from fundamentally different processes, with either greater accumulation of recently fixed C or reduced decomposition of older soil C. We compared the soil C pools under N‐fixers with Eucalyptus (non‐N‐fixers) at four tropical sites: two sites on Andisol soils in Hawaii and two sites on Vertisol and Entisol soils in Puerto Rico. Using stable carbon isotope techniques, we tracked the loss of the old soil organic C from the previous C4 land use (SOC4) and the gain of new soil organic C from the C3, N‐fixer, and non‐N‐fixer plantations (SOC3). Soils beneath N‐fixing trees sequestered 0.11 0.07 kg m 2 y 1 (mean one standard error) of total soil organic carbon (SOCT) compared with no change under Eucalyptus (0.00 0.07 kg m 2 y 1 ; P 0.02). About 55% of the greater SOC T sequestration under the N‐fixers resulted from greater retention of old SOC4, and 45% resulted from greater accretion of new SOC3. Soil N accretion under the N‐fixers explained 62% of the variability of the greater retention of old SOC4 under the N‐fixers. The greater retention of older soil C under N‐fixing trees is a novel finding and may be important for strategies that use reforestation or afforestation to offset C emissions.
379 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 6 |
| 2024 | 21 |
| 2023 | 30 |
| 2022 | 68 |
| 2021 | 49 |
| 2020 | 67 |