TL;DR: Lee and Goodrich as mentioned in this paper define value innovation as "delivering exceptional value to the most important customer in the value chain, all the time, every time." The focus of the book is a 10-step "value innovation process," which provides a practical how-to for practitioners.
Abstract: Value Innovation Works Richard K. Lee & Nina E. Goodrich (CreateSpace Independent Publishing; May 2012) By defining value innovation as "delivering exceptional value to the Most Important Customer in the Value Chain, all the time, every time," Richard K. Lee and Nina E. Goodrich set both the tone of the book and the expectation of the reader right from the start. The focus of the book is a 10-step "value innovation process," which provides a practical how-to for practitioners. The steps include: 1. Define project mission and objectives. 2. Define value chain and identify the most important customer. 3. Develop "as is" and "best in class" value curves. 4. Carry out contextual interviews. 5. Develop "to be" value curve. 6. Review "to be" value curve with the most important customer. 7. Modify "to be" value curve. 8. Define value proposition. 9. Determine how to deliver the "what." 10. Confirm with most important customer that the "how" is compelling. The authors suggest that completing the process and implementing value innovation using the enabling tools provided--which should take 10-12 weeks, they say--will prepare companies to achieve sustainable and profitable growth. The book draws heavily on the authors' experience in the innovation field as well as their hands-on workshops and lectures. Lee and Goodrich seem to be very knowledgeable, and the process they describe is relatively straightforward. They identify the value chain as consisting of each individual or organization involved in the transactions--as a seller, buyer, or user--that lead from the origination of the product through to the end user. For real estate firm Re/Max, for instance, the value chain consists of the franchisee (the individual or company operating the individual office), the sales affiliate (the agent who lists or shows a property), and the seller and buyer of a property. Once the value chain is established, the most important customer (MIC) in that chain must be identified. The MIC is the single element in the value chain who is most directly responsible for correcting daily problems, stands to lose most financially in the event of a problem, and most clearly recognizes the value of the company's offering. For Re/Max, the MIC is the sales affiliate, who must address issues and problems with listings as they arise, suffers financially if a deal fails to close, and gleans value from the parent company's services and support structures. Once the value chain and MIC are defined, the remaining steps in the process generate value curves by listing the elements of performance with regard to the value being delivered to the MIC. The curves are iterated and refined by meeting with the MIC and identifying its unmet needs. …
TL;DR: In this paper, a computer system for processing data related to an annuity product is configured to determine an amount of interest for crediting to the contract value based on the contract values and the value of the interest rate.
Abstract: A computer system for processing data related to an annuity product, the annuity product having a contract value and a minimum interest rate, is configured to determine an amount of interest for crediting to the contract value based on the contract value and the value of the interest rate; determine a difference between the current value of an index independent of the value of any financial instrument and the prior period value of the index; based on the determined difference between the current value of the index and the prior period value of the index, determine a value of an additional amount for crediting to the contract value; and, based on the contract value, the amount of interest for crediting and the value of the additional amount for crediting, determine an updated contract value.
TL;DR: The fair value criterion as mentioned in this paper is an evaluation method based on the supposition that the values expressed in the balance sheet reflect in every moment their exchange value at the acquisition date, date at which the fair value and the historical cost are the same.
Abstract: The fair value criterion is an evaluation method based on the supposition that the values expressed in the balance sheet reflect in every moment their exchange value at the acquisition date, date at which the fair value and the historical cost are the same. But, in the following periods, the value of the assets and liabilities exposed in the balance sheet is adjusted to a value equivalent to the value with which the asset can be exchanged of the liability estimated, through a free transaction, between 2 fully-aware parties, willing to make this operation. So, the exposed values based on the fair value are current values, which might correspond to it in the conditions of a possible sale at that time. Certainly they are very useful values to the balance sheet users, because they allow the approach to the entity’s economical capital quantification. The problem is that the fair value quantification may not be credible for all the posts in the balance sheet, because this parameter is often less likely to be documented about, or certain assets or liabilities do not have a market on which to obtain real quotations.The definition of the fair value is based on the supposition that an entity, in conditions of economical continuity, has no intention or necessity for liquidation, and as such is not interested in reducing relevantly its operations in disadvantageous conditions.
TL;DR: Using a Monte-Carlo-based stochastic interest rate model, the paper explores therisk profile and sensitivities of the most common stable value swaps and proposes several simple design innovations which can be tailored to improve the risk profile for both the issuer and purchasers.
Abstract: Bank-owned life insurance is an increasingly popular tool used by banks to fund the compensation and benefit plans that banks provide to their executives. Assets held within bank-owned life insurance (BOLI) policies now exceed $126 billion and thanks to its tax-efficient status, these policies will likely remain a core investment for banks for the foreseeable future. These policies can be further enhanced using stable value protection (SVP) which allows banks to apply book-value accounting to their investment. Using a Monte-Carlo-based stochastic interest rate model, the paper explores the risk profile and sensitivities of the most common stable value swaps and proposes several simple design innovations which can be tailored to improve the risk profile for both the issuer and purchasers.