Ecocide

Abstract: 1. Why we question collapse and study human resilience, ecological vulnerability, and the aftermath of empire Patricia A. McAnany and Norman Yoffee Part I. Human Resilience and Ecological Vulnerability: 2. Ecological catastrophe, collapse, and the myth of 'ecocide' on Rapa Nui (Easter Island) Terry L. Hunt and Carl P. Lipo 3. Did the medieval Norse society in Greenland really fail? Joel Berglund 4. Calamities without collapse: environment, economy, and society in China, c.1800-1949 Kenneth Pomeranz Part II. Surviving Collapse: Studies of Societal Regeneration: 5. Marketing conquest and the vanishing Indian: an indigenous response to Jared Diamond's archaeology of the American southwest Michael Wilcox 6. Bellicose rulers and climatological peril? Retrofitting 21st century woes on 8th century Maya society Patricia A. McAnany and Tomas Gallareta Negron 7. Collapse in ancient Mesopotamia: what happened, what didn't Norman Yoffee Part III. Societies in the Aftermath of Empire: 8. Advanced Andeans and backward Europeans: structure and agency in the collapse of the Inca empire David Cahill 9. Rwandan genocide: towards an explanation in which history and culture matter Christopher C. Taylor 10. 'Failed' states, societal 'collapse', and ecological 'disaster': a Haitian lesson on grand theory Drexel G. Woodson 11. The power of the past: environment, Aborigines, archaeology, and a sustainable Australian society Tim Murray 12. Excusing the haves and blaming the have-nots in the telling of history Frederick Errington and Deborah Gewertz Part IV. Reflections on Sustainability: 13. Sustainable survival J. R. McNeill.

Abstract: A wide range of actions imperil the planet and threaten the future of humanity and other species. This essay notes some examples of crimes and harms damaging to the environment and human and non-human species as well as various forms of response that have called for more effective and appropriate models of justice and law than currently prevail. This leads to a discussion of several suggestions regarding the development and expression of an earth jurisprudence and to the history of a proposal that “ecocide” be recognised internationally as a crime. Analysis of documentary sources traces this idea from debates about the concept of genocide to consideration by United Nations officials as to how crimes against the environment might be defined, and shows how near such a proposal has previously come to acceptance and enactment. The article concludes with an argument for supporting a law of ecocide as the 5th Crime against Peace.

Abstract: Preface and Acknowledgments 1: Introduction: Indigenous Peoples and Culture Scale Culture Scale, Culture Process, and Indigenous Peoples Large-Scale versus Small-Scale Society and Culture The Problem of Global-Scale Society and Culture Social Scale and Social Power Negative Development: The Global Pattern Policy Implications 2: Progress and Indigenous Peoples Progress: The Commercial Explosion The Culture of Consumption Resource Appropriation and Acculturation The Role of Ethnocentrism Civilization's Unwilling Conscripts Cultural Pride versus Progress The Principle of Stabilization 3: The Uncontrolled Frontier The Frontier Process Demographic Impact of the Frontier 4: We Fought with Spears The Punitive Raid Wars of Extermination 5: The Extension of Government Control Aims and Philosophy of Administration Tribal Peoples and National Unity The Transfer of Sovereignty Treaty Making Bringing Government to the Tribes The Political Integration Process Anthropology and Native Administration 6: Land Policies The People-Land Relationship Land Policy Variables 7: Cultural Modification Policies These Are the Things That Obstruct Progress Social Engineering: How to Do It 8: Economic Globalization Forced Labor: Harnessing the Heathens Learning the Dignity of Labor: Taxes and Discipline Creating Progressive Consumers Promoting Technological Change Tourism and Indigenous Peoples 9: The Price of Progress Progress and the Quality of Life Diseases of Development Ecocide Deprivation and Discrimination 10: The Political Struggle for Indigenous Self-Determination Who Are Indigenous Peoples? The Initial Political Movements Creating Nunavut Guna Self-Determination: The Comarca Gunayala The Political Struggle The Shuar Solution CONAIE: Uprising Politics Reshaping Ecuador's Political Landscape The Dene Nation: Land, Not Money Land Rights and the Outstation Movement in Australia Philippine Tribals: No More Retreat Indigenous Peoples and the Arctic Council The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Tebtebba: An Indigenous Partnership on Climate Change and Forests 11: Petroleum, the Commercial World, and Indigenous Peoples Petroleum: The Unsustainable Foundation of the Commercial World The Gwich'in and Oil Development in the Sacred Place Where Life Begins Petroleum Development and Indigenous Rights in Ecuador First Nations Opposition to Canadian Tar Sand Development Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation (ACFN) vs. Shell Oil Assigning Responsibility for Tar Sand Development 12: Global Warming and Indigenous Peoples The Indigenous Response to Global Warming Indigenous Peoples as Climate Change Refugees Arctic Warming and Alaska Natives Global Warming Perpetuators and Beneficiaries Assessing the Global Costs of Climate Change & the Carbon Economy 13: Human Rights and the Politics of Ethnocide The Realists: Humanitarian Imperialists and Scientists The World Bank: Operational Manual 2005 and False Assurances The Idealist Preservationists You Can't Leave Them Alone: The Realists Prevail Indigenous Peoples' Rights Advocates Voluntary Isolation in the Twenty-First Century Indigenous Peoples as Small Nations Conclusion Appendixes Bibliography Index About the Author

Abstract: The current study starts from the premise that accounting techniques and calculations have been, and continue to be, implicated in the colonization and genocide of Canada’s first nations. Relying upon previous literature concerned with governmentality, colonialism and genocide, it is proposed that accounting techniques helped to translate (neo)‐colonial policies into practice with (un)intended genocidal outcomes. Through an examination of historical examples, the analyses highlight how accounting techniques helped to translate policies of conquest, annihilation, containment and assimilation into practice, with the resultant outcomes of reproductive genocide, cultural genocide and ecocide.