Echinoplaca

Abstract: Between 1960 and 1975, 212 names of foliicolous lichenized fungi (or believed to have such a biological status) were described or used by A. C. Batista and co-workers. A considerable number of the new names were not validly published but mentioned as nomina nuda in various papers, while a further 69 names exist only as herbarium names. A taxonomic revision demonstrates that 36 of the 38 validly described genera (=95%) and 56 of the 68 validly published species and varieties (=82%) are either synonyms of previously known taxa, or represent non-lichenized or lichenicolous fungi, or cannot be readily identified and remain nomina dubia . Most of the descriptions refer to pycnidia, particularly those of the Strigulaceae (5 genera, 8 species or varieties), the hyphophores of Gomphillaceae (6 genera, 10 species), and the genus Microtheliopsis (3 genera, 3 species), whereas campylidia of the Ectolechiaceae are under-represented. A further six, monotypic genera correspond to lichenicolous or non-lichenized fungi. The following validly described taxa remain as autonomous genera or species of foliicolous lichens: Amazonomyces Bat., a generic name taken up for two species previously placed in Stirtonia and Cryptothecia , with two new combinations: Amazonomyces sprucei (R. Sant.) Lucking, Serus. & Thor comb. nov. [Bas.: Stirtonia sprucei R. Sant.; Syn.: Amazonomyces palmae Bat. & Cavalc.], and Amazonomyces farkasiae (Lucking) Lucking, Serus. & Thor comb. nov. [Bas.: Cryptothecia farkasiae Lucking]; Lyromma Bat. & H. Maia, a distinctive genus of the Dothideales, with two species described by Batista and co-workers, and one new combination: Lyromma palmae (Cavalc. & A. A. Silva) Lucking & Serus. comb. nov. [Bas.: Anconomyces palmae Cavalc. & A. A. Silva]; Arthonia lecythidicola (Bat. & H. Maia) Lucking & Serus. comb. nov. [Bas.: Ameropeltomyces lecythidicola Bat. & H. Maia]; Arthonia orbignyae (H. B. P. Upadhyay) Matzer [Bas.: Opegrapha orbignyae H. B. P. Upadhyay; Syn.: Arthonia opegraphina Lucking]; Asterothyrium aspidospermatis (Peres) Lucking & Serus. comb. nov. [Bas.: Actinoteichus aspidospermatis Peres] and Asterothyrium pernambucense (Cavalc.) Lucking & Serus. comb. nov. [Bas.: Actinoteichus pernambucensis Cavalc.], two apomictic pycnidial forms of Asterothyrium , in addition to the reinstalled A. umbilicatum (Mull. Arg.) Mull. Arg.; Byssoloma guttiferae (Bat. & Peres) Lucking & Serus. comb. nov. [Bas.: Crocicreomyces guttiferae Bat. & Peres; Syn.: Byssoloma aeruginascens Vězda]; Phyllobathelium leguminosae (Cavalc. & A. A. Silva) Lucking & Serus. comb. nov. [Bas.: Septoriomyces leguminosae Cavalc. & A. A. Silva]; Tricharia couepiae (Bat.) Lucking & Serus. comb. nov. [Bas.: Aderkomyces couepiae Bat.] and Trichothelium brasiliense J. L. Bezerra & L. Xavier. Echinoplaca amapensis Bat. & Poroca, a distinctive species with characters that suggest a placement into the Arthoniaceae , will most probably require a new genus when more material is available. One species is validated and two are described as new: Bapalmuia verrucosa Serus. & Lucking spec. nov., Enterographa batistae Lucking & Serus. spec. nov. and Opegrapha duckei Bat., J. L. Bezerra & Cavalc. ex Lucking & Serus.

Abstract: A synopsis of the lichen family Gomphillaceae in eastern North America is presented, based mainly on collections made by the second author during the past 30 years. A total of 57 taxa is reported for the area, including 11 species and one variety new to science: Arthotheliopsis floridensis Lucking & W. R. Buck, sp. nov., Echinoplaca areolata Lucking & W. R. Buck, sp. nov., Gyalectidium tuckerae Lucking & Lendemer, sp. nov., G. viride Lucking, W. R. Buck & Rivas Plata, sp. nov., Gyalideopsis americana Lucking & W. R. Buck, sp. nov., G. ozarkensis Lucking, W. R. Buck & R. C. Harris, sp. nov., G. subaequatoriana Lucking & W. R. Buck, sp. nov., G. submonospora Lucking & W. R. Buck, sp. nov., G. vainioi var. semicirculata Lucking & W. R. Buck, var. nov., Tricharia floridensis Lucking & W. R. Buck, sp. nov., T. subumbrosa Lucking & W. R. Buck, sp. nov., and T. tuckerae Lucking & W. R. Buck, sp. nov. The new combinations Gyalideopsis berenice (Ellis & Everh.) Lucking & W. R. Buck, comb. nov. (Basionym: Stilbomyces berenice Ellis & Everh.) and G. epicorticis (A. Funk) Tonsberg & Vězda, comb. nov. (Basionym: Microlychnus epicorticis A. Funk) are made. In addition, the following taxa are added to the checklist of North American lichens: Arthotheliopsis planicarpa (Lucking) Lucking, Serus. & Vězda, Calenia solorinoides Lucking, Echinoplaca furcata subsp. neotropica Lucking, E. lucernifera Kalb & Vězda, E. similis Kalb & Vězda, E. tetrapla (Zahlbr.) Lucking, Gyalectidium catenulatum (Cavalc. & A. A. Silva) L. I. Ferraro, Lucking & Serus., Gyalideopsis africana Kalb & Vězda, G. aff. argentea (Mont.) Kalb & Vězda, G. lambinonii Vězda, G. macarthurii Lucking, Umana & Aptroot, G. wesselsii Lucking, Sipman & Chaves, Tricharia cuneata L. I. Ferraro & Vězda, T. aff. farinosa R. Sant. and T. vainioi R. Sant. Keys and selected distribution maps are presented. Rich material of Gomphillus americanus Essl., Gyalideopsis berenice and G. buckii Lucking, Serus. & Vězda (≡ Tricharia vezdae W. R. Buck) allowed for a detailed study on hyphophore development in these species.

Abstract: ALEXANDER, V. & M. M. BILLINGTON. 1986. Nitrogen fixation in the Alaskan taiga, pp. 112–120. 2 fig. 1 tab. In K. Van Cleve, F. S. Chapin III, P. W. Flanagan, L. A. Viereck & C. T. Dyrness (eds.), Forest Ecosystems in the Alaskan Taiga. Springer-Verlag, New York. [Includes data on nitrogen fixation in Nephroma and Peltigera.] ANON. 2003. William Louis Culberson. 5 April 1919–8 February 2003. 7 (unpaginated) pages. [Brochure prepared for a reception honoring the life and career of one of his generations most prominent and original lichenologists.] ANTHONY, P. A., J. A. M. HOLTUM & B. R. JACKES. 2002. Shade acclimation of rainforest leaves to colonization by lichens. Functional Ecology 16: 808–816. 6 fig. 7 tab. [‘‘Despite such shading, our observations indicated that leaves photo-acclimate to the cover of lichens. The rate of photosynthesis of leaf patches covered by lichens was saturated at lower irradiances, and these patches had higher chlorophyll concentrations than uncolonized leaf areas. Monte Carlo estimates of total daily carbon gain, based on assimilation-irradiance curves and continuous light records, indicated that leaf areas covered by lichens compensated fully for the shading by lichens.’’] APTROOT, A., L. I. FERRARO, M.-J. LAI, H. J. M. SIPMAN & L. B. SPARRIUS. 2003. Foliicolous lichens and their lichenicolous ascomycetes from Yunnan and Taiwan. Mycotaxon 88: 41–47. 3 tab. [New to Taiwan: Actinoplaca strigulacea, Asterothyrium microsporum, Aulaxina quadrangula, Bacidina pallidocarnea, Calenia depressa, C. monospora, Echinoplaca epiphylla, E. hispida, Fellhanera semecarpi, Gyalectidium catenulatum, G. caucasicum, G. filicinum, Gyalideopsis rubescens, Lyromma nectandrae, Porina nitidula, P. pallescens, P. rufula, Sporopodium flavescens, S. leprieurii, Tricharia armata, T. carnea, T. kashiwadanii. New to China: Actinoplaca strigulacea, Asterothyrium microsporum, Aulaxina quadrangula, Bacidia olivaceorufa, Bacidina mirabilis, B. scutellifera, Bullatina aspidota, Byssolecania variabilis, Byssoloma leucoblepharum, Calenia depressa, C. monospora, C. thelotremella, Coenogonium zonatum, Echinoplaca leucothrichoides, Fellhanera fuscatula, Gyalectidium australe, G. caucasicum, Lyromma nectandrae, Opegrapha ectolechiacearum, Porina conica, P. cupreola, P. ephylloides, P. imitatrix, P. karnatakensis, P. lucida, P. mirabilis, P. rufula, P. trichothelioides, P. virescens, Sporopodium phyllocharis, S. xantholeucum, Stigmidium calopadiae, S. epiphyllum, S. trichotheliorum, Strigula concreta, S.

Abstract: Three species of lichen-forming fungi in the Gomphillaceae (Ostropales, Ascomycota) are described as new to science: Gyalideopsis sessile, Echinoplaca basalis and Tricharia duotela. The lichens were found on palm leaves in remnants of native vegetation on the campus of Florida Gulf Coast University and at two other conserved sites in southwest Florida.