Topic
Drawback
About: Drawback is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 119 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2819 citations. The topic is also known as: duty drawback.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied how a person's concern for a future career may influence his or her incentives to put in effort or make decisions on the job, and showed that career motives can be beneficial as well as detrimental, depending on how well the two kinds of capital returns are aligned.
Abstract: The paper studies how a person's concern for a future career may influence his or her incentives to put in effort or make decisions on the job. In the model, the person's productive abilities are revealed over time through observations of performance. There are no explicit output-contingent contracts, but since the wage in each period is based on expected output and expected output depends on assessed ability, an "implicit contract" links today's performance to future wages. An incentive problem arises from the person's ability and desire to influence the learning process, and therefore the wage process, by taking unobserved actions that affect today's performance. The fundamental incongruity in preferences is between the individual's concern for human capital returns and the firm's concern for financial returns. The two need be only weakly related. It is shown that career motives can be beneficial as well as detrimental, depending on how well the two kinds of capital returns are aligned. It is well understood by now that informational externalities may place special demands on the organization of economic exchange. Simple price-mediated markets will frequently fail in the presence of asymmetric information. In that case more elaborate contractual arrangements have to be used as substitutes for the price system. Lately, considerable effort has been devoted to the analysis of contracting under incomplete information with the objective to understand the range of economic institutions that emerge in response to the failure of the price system. The analysis of moral hazard has played a prominent role in this development.' Moral hazard problems arise when, for some reason or another, transacting parties cannot contract contingent on the delivery of the good. For instance, in buying labour services it may be that the amount of labour supplied is not directly observable, precluding a simple exchange of wage for labour. As a partial remedy to this problem, an imperfect, mutually observed signal about the supply of labour can be used as a proxy in the contract. Frequently, output is taken as such a proxy. The drawback is that output is often influenced by other factors than labour input, which induce undesirable risk into the contract. One is therefore faced with a tradeoff between allocating risk associated with incomplete observability and providing incentives for a proper supply of labour. Gaining insight into this tradeoff is important not only for understanding contracting in the small (e.g. managerial incentive schemes), but also because it is closely related to the fundamental tension between equity and efficiency in the society as a whole. While our understanding of moral hazard has advanced a lot in past years, it is clear that much work remains. An important question that has received little attention until
2,651 citations
TL;DR: Tepperman, Darroch, and Herberg as discussed by the authors concluded that ethnic identity is as much a resource as a drawback to social mobility. But they did not support the notion that ethnicity is a drawback for mobility.
Abstract: The debate as to whether ethnic identity is a resource or a drawback for social mobility led the authors to compare Germans, Italians, Jews, and Ukrainians in Toronto to test four hypotheses. The study concludes with Tepperman, Darroch, and Herberg that simplistic claims of ethnic identity drawbacks to mobility must be rejected. All four groups made significant gains in educational and occupational mobility supporting convergence theories. Of the sixteen possible tests of occupational mobility using a combination of social, cultural, interal, and external dimensions, very few supported the notion that ethnicity is a drawback to mobility. Significant differences between type of group, level of identity retention, number of generations, and status at point of entry were all taken into account. Findings suggest that ethnic identity is as much a resource as a drawback to social mobility.
58 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a linear programming model incorporating three key regulatory factors (corporate taxes, import duties, and duty drawbacks) for solving a production-distribution problem in the chemical industry.
Abstract: Duty drawback refers to a full or partial refund of paid import duties when an imported merchandise is destroyed, exported, or consumed as a raw material to produce an export. Despite their extensive international trading operations, many manufacturers fail to save costs by claiming duty drawbacks. In the United States alone, estimates of unclaimed duty drawbacks range from US$1.5–10 billion per annum. In light of this hefty sum of unclaimed duty drawbacks, it is astounding that only one existing production–distribution model in the literature has attempted to include duty drawback. This article is the first to address this neglect of duty drawback in supply chain research by industry practitioners and academicians. To this end, it introduces the key concepts of duty drawback and explains its importance in the new economic era. Second, it presents a linear programming model incorporating three key regulatory factors—corporate taxes, import duties, and duty drawbacks—for solving a production–distribution problem in the chemical industry. Finally, through illustrative examples, it demonstrates the importance of incorporating duty drawback and other regulatory factors in production–distribution planning models. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
41 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, failure case studies and their incorporation into introductory engineering mechanics courses are discussed, along with ethical implications, and it is shown that incorporating this material earlier in engineering education can forge a stronger link between engineering education and practice.
Abstract: Often, engineering students do not study engineering failures or discuss ethics until they take upper division undergraduate courses or graduate level courses. One drawback to this approach is that problems analyzed in introductory courses are often contrived, uninteresting, and bear little relation to the problems encountered in actual engineering practice. At the point when educators need to grab the student's interest in engineering most, they should show the excitement and relevance of the profession. Another drawback is that the students encounter the issues of ethics, responsibility, and accountability that are often highlighted by a failure, later in their engineering education. As a result, they may see these issues as secondary to engineering practice rather than fundamentally embedded. Examples of failure case studies and their incorporation into introductory engineering mechanics courses are discussed, along with ethical implications. When possible, problems should be selected so that the students can perform the calculations. By incorporating this material earlier in engineering education, it is possible to forge a stronger link between engineering education and practice.
38 citations
31 Jan 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the benefits of strong public sector involvement in Korea's educational system, e.g., equal access, common standards, have been highlighted, and the authors draw attention to the poor quality of secondary, and tertiary education.
Abstract: While noting the benefits of strong public sector involvement in Korea's educational system, e.g., equal access, common standards, this paper draws attention to one major drawback, namely, the poor quality of secondary, and tertiary education. As a result of this, Korean households spend a significant proportion of their income on private tuition, supplementary educational materials, and overseas education. The paper notes that it may be time for Korea to shift to a more flexible educational system, allowing greater scope for students, and teachers to select each other, more incentives for improving teacher quality, and, a simplified, and decentralized educational administration set-up.
34 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 1 |
| 2020 | 6 |
| 2019 | 4 |
| 2018 | 6 |
| 2017 | 2 |
| 2016 | 5 |