TL;DR: Seven species new to science include Amphilius dimonikensis, a small species with a banded colour pattern, described from 6 specimens from the Kouilou River system in Congo; AmphiliUS caudosignatus, a very smallspecies with a unique caudal fin coloration; and Phractura stiassny, a unique pair of neural spines before the dorsal fin from the Nyanga River in Gabon.
Abstract: A recent review of the amphiliid fishes of West Central Africa (WCA) indicates the presence of several described and undescribed species in different genera. Known amphiliines include three species of Amphilius Gunther, one species of Paramphilius Pellegrin and three doumeine species in two genera, Doumea Sauvage and Phractura Boulenger. The known Amphilius from the WCA include A. longirostris (Boulenger, 1901), A. pulcher Pellegrin, 1929, and A. nigricaudatus Pellegrin, 1909. Seven species new to science include Amphilius dimonikensis, a small species with a banded colour pattern, described from 6 specimens from the Kouilou River system in Congo; Amphilius caudosignatus, a very small species with a unique caudal fin coloration, described from 3 specimens from the Ogowe River system in Gabon; Amphilius korupi, a dark brown species with a short head, eyes advanced and long oral barbels, described from 43 specimens taken from the Cross, Ndian and Akpa-Yafe River systems in Cameroon; Amphilius mamonekenensis, distinguished by its light spotted appearance, described from 18 specimens taken from the Kouilou River system in Congo; Doumea gracila, a large robust species but with a relatively slender caudal peduncle, described from 44 specimens from the Lobe, and Lokoundje rivers, Cameroon; Doumea sanaga, with the dorsal fin relatively far back and a long slender caudal peduncle, described from 32 specimens taken from the Sanaga River system, Cameroon; and Phractura stiassny, described from a single specimen with a unique pair of neural spines before the dorsal fin from the Nyanga River in Gabon. In addition Amphilius baudoni Pellegrin is assigned to Paramphilius, with Paramphilius goodi Harry, 1953, considered as a junior synonym. Distribution maps for the new species are given.
TL;DR: Three Congo River basin catfishes were found to include three species that belong not to the genus Doumea but are, instead, the sister-group to a clade formed by all remaining Doumeinae.
Abstract: Congo River basin catfishes previously identified as Doumea alula (Amphiliidae, Doumeinae) were found to include three species that belong not to the genus Doumea but are, instead, the sister-group to a clade formed by all remaining Doumeinae. The species are assigned to a new genus, Congoglanis. Characters delimiting the Doumeinae and the clade consisting of all members of the subfamily except Congoglanis are detailed. Congoglanis alula is distributed throughout much of the Congo River basin; C. inga, new species, is known only from the lower Congo River in the vicinity of Inga Rapids; and C. sagitta, new species, occurs in the Lualaba River basin of Zambia in the southeastern portion of the Congo River system.
TL;DR: The new species is readily distinguishable from its congeners in having a relatively low number of pectoral-fin rays, vertebrae, and ribs and several morphometric features, especially those involving the caudal peduncle.
Abstract: A new species of the African catfish subfamily Doumeinae of the family Amphiliidae is described from collections made in the Dimonika Biosphere Reserve in the eastern portion of the Republic of the Congo. The species, assignable to the genus Doumea, has the smallest known maximum length of the nine species of that genus. The new species is readily distinguishable from its congeners in having a relatively low number of pectoral-fin rays, vertebrae, and ribs and several morphometric features, especially those involving the caudal peduncle.