Dissection procedure

Abstract: Educators, administrators, and students are reevaluating the value of animal dissection in the classroom and are taking a careful look at instructional alternatives. This research is an attempt to examine the performance, achievement, and attitudinal effects of a dissection alternative, an interactive videodiscbased (IVD) simulation, in two ways: as a substitute for dissection and as a preparatory tool used prior to disscction. Sixty-one high school students enrolled in three general-ability high school biology classes participated in this research over a 4-day period. On the substitution issue, findings suggest that the IVD simulation was at least as effective as actual dissection in promoting student learning of frog anatomy and dissection procedures. On the preparation issue, it was found that students using the IVD simulation as a preparation performed a subsequent dissection more effectively than students receiving no preparation and more effectively than students viewing a videotape as preparation. Students using the IVD simulation as preparation also learned more about frog anatomy and dissection procedures than those who dissected without preparation. Students in all groups evidenced little change in attitudes toward dissection. All students reported a significant gain in dissection self-efficacy, but no between-group differences were found. Findings are discussed relative to their implications for educational practice and future research. Frog dissection in our nation’s high schools is widespread. It has been estimated that 7580% of the country’s 4 million biology students dissect frogs (Orlans, 1988a). As part of a growing controversy over the use of animals for dissection, some of these students are refusing to conduct dissections on moral grounds. Animal rights groups have developed student and educator outreach programs encouraging alternatives to dissection. Legislation has been passed in some states protecting the rights of students who do not wish to participate in dissection. Many educators contend, however, that there is merit in conducting dissections to assist students in learning about the anatomy and biological functioning of animals. The research reported here is an attempt to examine the effects of a dissection alternative, a

Abstract: A specialty surgical instrument for engaging, spreading and removing tissue surrounding an exposed cystic duct and artery in an endo cholecystectomy dissection procedure is provided by this invention. An ergonomically superior scissors action handle extends perpendicular to a cylindrical body for receiving the thumb and two fingers of a surgeon for better control in manipulating a coaxial rod inside the body to operate double action forceps jaws of special design for the dissection of the cystic duct and artery from liver bed tissue, with the feel of the surgeon as if the balance of the instrument and its jaws are an extension of the surgeon's fingers. The jaws have a shape and roughened exterior finish for frictionally engaging tissue in the vicinity of the cystic duct and adjacent artery and spreading it during the dissection procedure. The interior of the jaws are serrated and mated in mutual contact surfaces in closed position to frictionally grasp tissue and bladder for removal. The jaws are specially curved for fitting the anatomical shape of the gall bladder tissue terrain for producing a planar surface in the gall bladder tissue from which the cystic duct and artery are dissected and for cradling the cystic duct during dissection. The length of the jaws permits tissue to be spread significant distances apart for prying tissue surfaces apart. The general exterior jaw shape prevents traumatic damage to the tissue during the dissection procedure and thus bleeding during the procedure.

Abstract: Background The clinical applications of sentinel node (SN) biopsies in early gastric cancer are limited because of low sensitivity. Sentinel basin (SB) dissection has been suggested as alternative to SN biopsy to improve sensitivity. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of laparoscopic SB dissection. Methods Twenty-one gastric adenocarcinoma patients of cT1N0 were enrolled. Technetium 99 m human serum albumin and indocyanine green were injected into the submucosal layer around tumor using an intraoperative endoscope. Green-stained or radioactive lymphatic basins were detected and defined as SBs. After laparoscopic SB dissection, laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy was performed. Dissected SB nodes and non-SB nodes were evaluated for metastasis pathologically. Results The SB detection rate was 95.2%. Numbers of SBs were one in 6, two in 10, and three in 4 patients. The mean number of SB nodes was 7.0. Two patients with lymph node metastasis were diagnosed by SB dissection. Mean time of laparoscopic SB dissection procedure was 15.2 min. Conclusions Above findings suggest that laparoscopic SB dissection is technically feasible, and it might have better sensitivity than SN biopsy. However, the validity of this procedure should be evaluated in a larger series before being clinically applied. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;98:331–335. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Abstract: In 22 patients with esophageal cancer, mediastinal lymphnode dissection procedure, with preservation of the right bronchial artery and pulmonary branches of the right vagus nerve, was performed during radical esophagectomy In patients who underwent this procedure, respiratory function was sufficiently maintained against severe complications and the operative and hospital death rate was less than that of other esophagectomized patients