TL;DR: A new linear, small-signal modeling technique, called sampled-data modeling, succeeds, where state-space averaging fails, in predicting the subharmonic instability in current-programmed regulators, and is shown to be of significant usefulness in the design of high-performance switching regulators.
Abstract: The high-frequency capabilities of two switching regulator modeling techniques, state-space averaging and discrete modeling, are compared. A new linear, small-signal modeling technique, which combines the continuous form of state-space averaging with the accuracy of discrete modeling, is then developed. This new method, called sampled-data modeling, succeeds, where state-space averaging fails, in predicting the subharmonic instability in current-programmed regulators, and is shown to be of significant usefulness in the design of high-performance switching regulators.
TL;DR: This paper presents a discrete technique specially designed for modeling the geometry and the properties of natural objects as those encountered in biology and geology using the Discrete Smooth Interpolation method.
Abstract: This paper presents a discrete technique specially designed for modeling the geometry and the properties of natural objects as those encountered in biology and geology. Contrary to classical Computer-Aided Design methods based on continuous (polynomial) functions, the proposed approach is based on a discretization of the objects close to the finite-element techniques used for solving differential equations. Each object is modeled as a set of interconnected nodes holding the geometry and the physical properties of the objects and the Discrete Smooth Interpolation method is used for fitting the geometry and the properties to complex data. Data are turned into linear constraints and some constraints related to typical information encountered in geology are presented.
TL;DR: A combined model is developed that represents the software development process as a series of discrete process steps executed in a continuously varying project environment.
TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-modelling framework for discrete modeling of spatially-temporal data types and some examples show how this model can be modified for discrete-time data types.
Abstract: and Discrete Modeling of Spatio-Temporal Data Types* Martin Erwig 1 Ralf Hartmut Guting 1 Markus Schneider 1 Michalis Vazirgiannis 2 1) Praktische Informatik IV Fernuniversitat Hagen D-58084 Hagen GERMANY 2) Dept of Informatics Athens Univ. of Economics & Business Patision 76, 10434, Athens GREECE (Hellas)
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that discrete models may be used accurately to predict wide bandwidth closed-loop behavior with methods simple enough to be useful in the initial design phase of a switching regulator.
Abstract: A simplified method for finding and using discrete small-signal models for switching regulators is presented. With introduction of a new "straight-line" approximation, and application of root locus techniques, it is demonstrated that discrete models may be used accurately to predict wide bandwidth closed-loop behavior with methods simple enough to be useful in the initial design phase of a switching regulator. The principal result is a set of converter transfer functions comparable to the set derived by describing function techniques, but not subject to the low frequency restriction of describing function models. Also presented is a set of pulse-width modulator transfer functions which indicates that the potential small-signal transient behavior of a switching regulator is independent of the choice of modulator.