TL;DR: In this paper, the discovery of a supernova explosion at half the age of the universe and its cosmological implications is described, and the authors present an account of work sponsored by the United States Government under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098.
Abstract: LBNL-41172 Discovery of a Supernova Explosion at Half the Age of the Universe and its Cosmological Implications S. Perlmutter, G. Aldering, M. Della Valle, S. Deustua, R. S. Ellis, S. Fabbro, A. Fruchter, G. Goldhaber, A. Goobar, D. E. Groom, 1. M. Hook, A. G. Kim, M. Y. Kim, R.A. Knop, C. Lidman, R. G. McMahon, P. Nugent, R. Pain, N. Panagia, C. R. Pennypacker, P. Ruiz-Lapuente, B. Schaefer & N. Walton (The Supernova Cosmology Project) This work was supported in part by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03-76SF00098. DISCLAIMER This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any infonnation, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or The Regents of the University of California.
TL;DR: These guidelines for the management of cutaneous warts present evidence‐based guidance for treatment, with identification of the strength of evidence available at the time of preparation, and a brief overview of epidemiological aspects, diagnosis and investigation.
Abstract: Disclaimer These guidelines have been prepared for dermatologists on behalf of the British Association of Dermatologists and reflect the best data available at the time the report was prepared. Caution should be exercised in interpreting the data; the results of future studies may require alteration of the conclusions or recommendations in this report. It may be necessary or even desirable to depart from the guidelines in the interests of specific patients and special circumstances. Just as adherence to guidelines may not constitute defence against a claim of negligence, so deviation from them should not necessarily be deemed negligent.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors would like to thank Gerald Hosp and Hannelore Weck-Hannemann for valuable comments and suggestions, as well as the usual disclaimer applies.
Abstract: The authors would like to thank Gerald Hosp and Hannelore Weck-Hannemann for valuable comments and suggestions. The usual disclaimer applies.
TL;DR: A review of recent trends in social media and body image research is presented in this paper , with a particular focus on different social media platforms, features unique to social media, and potentially positive content for body image.
Abstract: This review presents recent trends in social media and body image research, with a particular focus on different social media platforms, features unique to social media, and potentially positive content for body image. First, it was found that visual platforms (e.g. Instagram) were more dysfunctional for body image than more textual platforms (e.g. Facebook). Second, taking and editing (but not posting) selfies resulted in negative effects on body image. Positive comments intensified the effects of exposure to idealized content. Third, of the forms of potentially positive content examined in recent research (i.e. fitspiration, disclaimer labels, and body positivity), only body positivity content had a positive effect on body image. Recommendations for future research are offered.
TL;DR: ChatGPT as mentioned in this paper is a natural language processing model developed in 2022 by OpenAI for open-ended conversations, which is based on GPT-3.5, the third-generation model from OpenAI and can power conversational AI applications like virtual assistants and chatbots.
Abstract: Recent progress in large language models has pushed the boundaries of natural language processing, setting new standards for performance. It is remarkable how artificial intelligence can mimic human behavior and writing style in such a convincing way. As a result, it is hard to tell if a human or a machine wrote something. Deep learning and natural language processing have recently advanced large language models. These newer models can learn from large amounts of data to better capture the nuances of language, making them more accurate and robust than ever before. Additionally, these models can now be applied to tasks such as summarizing text, translating between languages, and even generating original content. ChatGPT is a natural language processing (NLP) model developed in 2022 by OpenAI for open-ended conversations. It is based on GPT-3.5, the third-generation language processing model from OpenAI. ChatGPT can power conversational AI applications like virtual assistants and chatbots. In this paper, we describe the current version of ChatGPT and discuss the model's potential and possible social impact. Disclaimer: This paper was not written by ChatGPT: it was written by the listed authors.