TL;DR: The temporal bone appears to be involved with secondary malignant processes in discrete histologic patterns with rather characteristic clinical presentations, and guidelines for surgical management are discussed.
Abstract: The temporal bone appears to be involved with secondary malignant processes in discrete histologic patterns with rather characteristic clinical presentations. Five distinct types of involvement can be recognized: isolated metastasis from a distant primary tumor; direct extension from a regional primary tumor; meningeal carcinomatosis; leptomenin-geal extension from an intracranial primary tumor; and leukemic or lymphomatous infiltration. The typical histopathological patterns are described with correlative clinical symtomatolgy. Differential diagnosis is considered, and guidelines for surgical management are discussed.
TL;DR: A striking result was that while primers were extended past an abasic lesion by HIV-1 RT in both direct and misalignment modes, avian myeloblastosis virus RT failed to catalyze significant extension by either mode.
TL;DR: The concept of direct spread of disease via the subperitoneal space is expanded to include direct extension into the solid abdominal viscera (i.e., liver, kidneys, and spleen) to provide an understanding for directSpread of disease presenting clinically or being imaged within a solid abdominal organ.
Abstract: The subperitoneal space is the continuous space interconnecting the peritoneum and retroperitoneum and the abdominal organs. This report expands the concept of direct spread of disease via the subperitoneal space to include direct extension into the solid abdominal viscera (i.e., liver, kidneys, and spleen). Discussion of the anatomy, case presentations, and imaging with computed tomography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance are presented. This unifying concept provides an understanding for direct spread of disease presenting clinically or being imaged within a solid abdominal organ.
TL;DR: The value of reconsidering the ways in which lymphatic spread of cancer may occur is demonstrated, as it is shown that slices of tissue containing both the pancreas and the nodes can be obtained for microscopy when prior formalin fixation makes it possible to see both the pancakes and the surrounding lymph nodes in the same block.
Abstract: Summary Today, as in the past, it is generally assumed that secondary tumour deposits in the pancreas frequently arise as a result of “direct extension” from cancerous contiguous nodes and not of “true metastasis” from these nodes. Since the histological technique in current use is such that misleading impressions may be formed about the mechanism of tumour invasion of the environs of the pancreas, a double-tissue blocking technique is proposed. It is shown that slices of tissue containing both the pancreas and the nodes can be obtained for microscopy when prior formalin fixation makes it possible to see both the pancreas and the surrounding lymph nodes in the same block and to cut them in the same plane. Experience with this method has indicated that pancreatic invasion is due not to mere direct extension but to discontinuous true lymphatic metastasis. This result demonstrates the value of reconsidering the ways in which lymphatic spread of cancer may occur.