TL;DR: The Buckingham Pi theorem as discussed by the authors is an application of the fundamental theorem of linear algebra on the sum of the rank and defect of a matrix, which has been extensively applied in the literature.
Abstract: Physical dimensions and units, such as mass (kg), length (m), time (s), and charge (C), provide the link between mathematics and the physical world. It is well known that careful attention to physical dimensions can provide valuable insight into relationships among physical quantities. In this regard, the Buckingham Pi theorem, which is essentially an application of the fundamental theorem of linear algebra on the sum of the rank and defect of a matrix, has been extensively applied.
TL;DR: In this paper, the velocity of light is chosen as fundamental quantity and length and time as derived quantities, and three-dimensional space-time frames representing time with polar coordination, time contraction and length contraction can be shown graphically.
Abstract: Fundamental units of measurements are kilograms, meters, and seconds—in regards to mass length, and time. All other measurements in mechanical quantities including kinetic quantities and dynamic quantities are called derived units. These derived units can be expressed in terms of fundamental units, such as acceleration, area, energy, force, power, velocity and volume. Derived quantities will be referred to as time, length, and mass. In order to explain that fundamental units are not equivalent with fundamental quantities, we need to understand the contraction of time and length in Special Relativity. If we choose the velocity of light as fundamental quantity and length and time as derived quantities, then we are able to construct three-dimensional space-time frames. Three-dimensional space-time frames representing time with polar coordination, time contraction and length contraction can be shown graphically.