TL;DR: Fracture Mechanics and its Geophysical Applications as mentioned in this paper are applied to Hot, Dry Rock Geothermal Energy, with applications to Faults, Joints, Dikes and Solution Surfaces.
Abstract: Preface. Introduction to Fracture Mechanics and Its Geophysical Applications. Joints and Shear Fractures in Rock. Theory of Crack Initiation and Propogation in Rock. The Theory of Subcritical Crack Growth with Applications to Minerals and Rocks. Time-Dependant Deformation and Failure. Fracture Mechanics Approach to Hydraulic Fracturing Stress Measurements. Fracture Mechanics Applied to Hot, Dry Rock Geothermal Energy. Theoretical Displacements and Stresses Near Fractures in Rock, With Applications to Faults, Joints, Dikes and Solution Surfaces. Mechanics of Shear Rupture Applied to Earthquake Zones. Dynamic Rock Fragmentation. Experimental Fracture Mechanics Data for Rocks and Minerals.
TL;DR: In this paper, a method for determining the orientation of average tectonic stress, using surface features indicating radial dike patterns of volcanoes, is proposed, based on the understanding that flank eruptions are caused by the magma that laterally offshoots from the main polygenetic pipe conduit and that conduits of flank volcanoes are most probably fissure-shaped.
TL;DR: In this paper, a model for earthquake swarms in volcanic regions is proposed, which accounts for commonly observed geometric relations between surface faulting patterns, the hypocentral distribution of swarm earthquakes, and fault plane solutions in a variety of situations.
Abstract: A model for earthquake swarms in volcanic regions consists of the following concepts: (1) clusters of magma-filled dikes exist within brittle volumes of the crust, (2) dikes within a cluster are systematically oriented with their long dimension in the direction of the regional greatest principal stress, and (3) a sequence of shear failures (an earthquake swarm) occurs along a system of conjugate fault planes joining en echelon offset dike tips at oblique angles. This model accounts for commonly observed geometric relations between surface faulting patterns, the hypocentral distribution of swarm earthquakes, and fault plane solutions in a variety of situations. Swarm areas dominated by strike-slip faulting, however, provide the most compelling examples of the utility of the model. Specific examples considered here include a swarm on the east rift zone of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, and swarms in the Imperial Valley, California, and the Reykjanes Peninsula, Iceland, which represent transitional zones between spreading centers and transform faults.