Developmental space

Abstract: By many metrics, arthropods constitute one of the most successful animal phyla on our planet, manifest in extreme species richness, enormous diversity in morphologies and developmental modes, and successful radiation into nearly every inhabitable ecological niche available to multicellular organisms (Storch and Welch 1991; Brusca and Brusca 2000; Odegaard 2000; Valentine 2004; Gullan and Cranston 2004; Grimaldi and Engel 2005). In this chapter, we will explore some of the causes and mechanisms that have enabled arthropod diversification. We define evolvability broadly as a lineage’s capacity to generate phenotypic diversity over evolutionary time. We begin by exploring two prominent axes of diversification in the arthropods: evolvability in (1) developmental space and in (2) developmental time, and their respective contributions to facilitating innovation, diversification, and radiation within the Arthropoda. We end our chapter by examining the role of (3) developmental plasticity in arthropod evolution. In each context, we explore the genetic, developmental, and ecological mechanisms that may have allowed arthropods to diversify more than any other group of animals, the interactions among these mechanisms, and the emergent properties of these interactions. Throughout, we highlight key questions for future research, in particular as created by the increased integration of evolution and ecology with developmental biology and genomics.

Abstract: Adolescents occupy a difficult and seemingly elusive developmental space, which makes them enigmas to most adults, including psychotherapists. Building upon dynamic theory such as that formulated b...

Abstract: Purpose – The aim of this paper is to develop an instrument to assess the developmental space that teams create; examine whether creating more developmental space leads to greater satisfaction with team results; and decide which of three models best predicts perceived results Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents a quantitative study of individuals (N 257) An instrument was designed to assess developmental space and was validated with a factor analysis Multiple regression analyses were used to examine whether creating developmental space led to greater satisfaction with team results Findings – This study confirms the four-factor structure of developmental space suggested by earlier research Creating more developmental space is positively related to perceived team results Practical implications – This research highlights the importance of creating developmental space and provides teams with an instrument to assess their developmental space as a starting point for improvement Originality/value – The interactions teams use are crucial in explaining the effects of teamwork, but seem underexposed in team research Creating developmental space is a relatively new concept, hitherto only researched qualitatively This empirical study extends and endorses previous research on developmental space by providing a quantitative assessment