Topic
Demic diffusion
About: Demic diffusion is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 132 publications have been published within this topic receiving 8987 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
Book•
1 Jul 2003
TL;DR: Forster and Renfrew as discussed by the authors proposed a model to estimate the Demographic Impact of Neolithic Dispersals using Y-chromosome Haplotype Haplotypes.
Abstract: Part I Introduction. 'The Emerging Synthesis': the Archaeogenetics of Farming/Language Dispersals and other Spread Zones (Colin Renfrew) Farmers, Foragers, Languages, Genes: the Genesis of Agricultural Societies (Peter Bellwood). Part II Setting the Scene for the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis. The Expansion Capacity of Early Agricultural Systems: a Comparative Perspective on the Spread of Agriculture (David R Harris) The Economies of Late Pre-farming and Farming Communities and their Relation to the Problem of Dispersals (Mark Nathan Cohen) What Drives Linguistic Diversification and Language Spread? (Lyle Campbell) Inference of Neolithic Population Histories using Y-chromosome Haplotypes (Peter A Underhill) Demic Diffusion as the Basic Process of Human Expansions (Luca Cavalli-Sforza) The DNA Chronology of Prehistoric Human Dispersals (Peter Forster & Colin Renfrew) What Molecules Can't Tell Us about the Spread of Languages and the Neolithic (Hans-Jyrgen Bandelt, Vincent Macaulay & Martin Richards). Part III Regional Studies. A. Western Asia and North Africa. The Natufian Culture and the Early Neolithic: Social and Economic Trends in Southwestern Asia (Ofer Bar-Yosef) Archaeology and Linguistic Diversity in North Africa (Fekri A Hassan) The Prehistory of a Dispersal: the Proto-Afrasian (Afroasiatic) Farming Lexicon (Alexander Militarev) Transitions to Farming and Pastoralism in North Africa (Graeme Barker) Language Family Expansions: Broadening our Understandings of Cause from an African Perspective (Christopher Ehret) Language and Farming Dispersals in Sub-Saharan Africa, with Particular Reference to the Bantu-speaking Peoples (David W Phillipson). B. Asia and Oceania. An Agricultural Perspective on Dravidian Historical Linguistics: Archaeological Crop Packages, Livestock and Dravidian Crop Vocabulary (Dorian Fuller) The Genetics of Language and Farming Spread in India (Toomas Kivisild et al) Languages and Farming Dispersals: Austroasiatic Languages and Rice Cultivation (Charles Higham) Tibeto-Burman Phylogeny and Prehistory: Languages, Material Culture and Genes (George van Driem) The Austronesian Dispersal: Languages, Technologies and People (Andrew Pawley) Island Southeast Asia: Spread or Friction Zone? (Victor Paz) Polynesians: Devolved Taiwanese Rice Farmers or Wallacean Maritime Traders with Fishing, Foraging and Horticultural Skills? (Stephen Oppenheimer & Martin Richards) Can the Hypothesis of Language/Agriculture Co-dispersal be Tested with Archaeogenetics? (Matthew Hurles) Agriculture and Language Change in the Japanese Islands (Mark Hudson). C. Mesoamerica and the US Southwest. Contextualizing Proto-languages, Homelands and Distant Genetic Relationship: Some Reflections on the Comparative Method from a Mesoamerican Perspective (Ssren Wichmann) 26 Proto-Uto-Aztecan Cultivation and the Northern Devolution (Jane H Hill) The Spread of Maize Agriculture in the U.S. Southwest (R G Matson) Conflict and Language Dispersal: Issues and a New World Example (Steven A LeBlanc). D. Europe. Issues of Scale and Symbiosis: Unpicking the Agricultural 'Package' (Martin Jones) Demography and Dispersal of Early Farming Populations at the MesolithicNeolithic Transition: Linguistic and Genetic Implications (Marek Zvelebil) Pioneer Farmers: The Neolithic Transition in Western Europe (Chris Scarre) Farming Dispersal in Europe and the Spread of the Indo-European Language Family (Bernard Comrie) DNA Variation in Europe: Estimating the Demographic Impact of Neolithic Dispersals (Guido Barbujani & Isabelle Dupanloup) Admixture and the Demic Diffusion Model in Europe (Lounes Chikhi) Complex Signals for Population Expansions in Europe and Beyond (Kristiina Tambets et al) Analyzing Genetic Data in a Model-based Framework: Inferences about European Prehistory (Martin Richards, Vincent Macaulay & Hans-Jyrgen Bandelt). Postscript. Concluding Observations (Peter Bellwood & Colin Renfrew).
570 citations
TL;DR: The first farmers from Central Europe reveal a genetic affinity to modern-day populations from the Near East and Anatolia, which suggests a significant demographic input from this area during the early Neolithic.
Abstract: In Europe, the Neolithic transition (8,000–4,000 B.C.) from hunting and gathering to agricultural communities was one of the most important demographic events since the initial peopling of Europe by anatomically modern humans in the Upper Paleolithic (40,000 B.C.). However, the nature and speed of this transition is a matter of continuing scientific debate in archaeology, anthropology, and human population genetics. To date, inferences about the genetic make up of past populations have mostly been drawn from studies of modern-day Eurasian populations, but increasingly ancient DNA studies offer a direct view of the genetic past. We genetically characterized a population of the earliest farming culture in Central Europe, the Linear Pottery Culture (LBK; 5,500–4,900 calibrated B.C.) and used comprehensive phylogeographic and population genetic analyses to locate its origins within the broader Eurasian region, and to trace potential dispersal routes into Europe. We cloned and sequenced the mitochondrial hypervariable segment I and designed two powerful SNP multiplex PCR systems to generate new mitochondrial and Y-chromosomal data from 21 individuals from a complete LBK graveyard at Derenburg Meerenstieg II in Germany. These results considerably extend the available genetic dataset for the LBK (n=42) and permit the first detailed genetic analysis of the earliest Neolithic culture in Central Europe (5,500–4,900 calibrated B.C.). We characterized the Neolithic mitochondrial DNA sequence diversity and geographical affinities of the early farmers using a large database of extant Western Eurasian populations (n=23,394) and a wide range of population genetic analyses including shared haplotype analyses, principal component analyses, multidimensional scaling, geographic mapping of genetic distances, and Bayesian Serial Simcoal analyses. The results reveal that the LBK population shared an affinity with the modern-day Near East and Anatolia, supporting a major genetic input from this area during the advent of farming in Europe. However, the LBK population also showed unique genetic features including a clearly distinct distribution of mitochondrial haplogroup frequencies, confirming that major demographic events continued to take place in Europe after the early Neolithic.
451 citations
TL;DR: It is shown, by systematically analysing Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA variation in Han populations, that the pattern of the southward expansion of Han culture is consistent with the demic diffusion model, and that males played a larger role than females in this expansion.
Abstract: The spread of culture and language in human populations is explained by two alternative models: the demic diffusion model, which involves mass movement of people; and the cultural diffusion model, which refers to cultural impact between populations and involves limited genetic exchange between them. The mechanism of the peopling of Europe has long been debated, a key issue being whether the diffusion of agriculture and language from the Near East was concomitant with a large movement of farmers. Here we show, by systematically analysing Y-chromosome and mitochondrial DNA variation in Han populations, that the pattern of the southward expansion of Han culture is consistent with the demic diffusion model, and that males played a larger role than females in this expansion. The Han people, who all share the same culture and language, exceed 1.16 billion (2000 census), and are by far the largest ethnic group in the world. The expansion process of Han culture is thus of great interest to researchers in many fields.
410 citations
TL;DR: The distribution of the zones of highest mitochondrial variation (genetic boundaries) confirmed that the Saami are sharply differentiated from an otherwise rather homogeneous set of European samples, and an area of significant clinal variation was identified around the Mediterranean Sea (and not in the north), even though the differences between northern and southern populations were insignificant.
Abstract: Genetic diversity in Europe has been interpreted as a reflection of phenomena occurring during the Paleolithic (∼45,000 years before the present [BP]), Mesolithic (∼18,000 years BP), and Neolithic (∼10,000 years BP) periods. A crucial role of the Neolithic demographic transition is supported by the analysis of most nuclear loci, but the interpretation of mtDNA evidence is controversial. More than 2,600 sequences of the first hypervariable mitochondrial control region were analyzed for geographic patterns in samples from Europe, the Near East, and the Caucasus. Two autocorrelation statistics were used, one based on allele-frequency differences between samples and the other based on both sequence and frequency differences between alleles. In the global analysis, limited geographic patterning was observed, which could largely be attributed to a marked difference between the Saami and all other populations. The distribution of the zones of highest mitochondrial variation (genetic boundaries) confirmed that the Saami are sharply differentiated from an otherwise rather homogeneous set of European samples. However, an area of significant clinal variation was identified around the Mediterranean Sea (and not in the north), even though the differences between northern and southern populations were insignificant. Both a Paleolithic expansion and the Neolithic demic diffusion of farmers could have determined a longitudinal cline of mtDNA diversity. However, additional phenomena must be considered in both models, to account both for the north-south differences and for the greater geographic scope of clinal patterns at nuclear loci. Conversely, two predicted consequences of models of Mesolithic reexpansion from glacial refugia were not observed in the present study.
260 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 4 |
| 2020 | 4 |
| 2019 | 4 |
| 2018 | 6 |
| 2017 | 7 |
| 2016 | 4 |