Delimiter

Abstract: List of Figures. List of Tables. Foreword. Preface. Acknowledgments. Steering. Major Developers. Non-code Contributors. History of POSTGRESQL. Introduction. University of California at Berkeley. Development Leaves Berkeley. POSTGRESQL Global Development Team. Open Source Software. Summary. Issuing Database Commands. Starting a Database Session. Choosing an Interface. Choosing a Database. Starting a Session. Controlling a Session. Typing in the Query Buffer. Displaying the Query Buffer. Erasing the Query Buffer. Getting Help. Exiting a Session. Summary. Basic SQL Commands. Relational Databases. Creating Tables. Adding Data with INSERT. Viewing Data with SELECT. Selecting Specific Rows with WHERE. Removing Data with DELETE. Modifying Data with UPDATE. Sorting Data with ORDER BY. Destroying Tables. Summary. Customizing Queries. Data Types. Quotes Inside Text. Using NULL Values. Controlling DEFAULT Values. Column Labels. Comments. AND/OR Usage. Range of Values. LIKE Comparison. Regular Expressions. CASE Clause. Distinct Rows. Functions and Operators. SET, SHOW, and RESET. Summary. SQL Aggregates. Aggregates. Using GROUP BY. Using HAVING. Query Tips. Summary. Joining Tables. Table and Column References. Joined Tables. Creating Joined Tables. Performing Joins. Three- and Four-Table Joins. Additional Join Possibilities. Choosing a Join Key. One-to-Many Joins. Unjoined Tables. Table Aliases and Self-joins. Non-equijoins. Ordering Multiple Parts. Primary and Foreign Keys. Summary. Numbering Rows. Object Identification Numbers (OIDs). Object Identification Number Limitations. Nonsequential Numbering. Nonmodifiable. Not Backed Up by Default. Sequences. Creating Sequences. Using Sequences to Number Rows. Serial Column Type. Manually Numbering Rows. Summary. Combining SELECTs. UNION, EXCEPT, and INTERSECT Clauses. Subqueries. Subqueries as Constants. Subqueries as Correlated Values. Subqueries as Lists of Values. NOT IN and Subqueries with NULL Values. Subqueries Returning Multiple Columns. ANY, ALL, and EXISTS Clauses. Summary. Outer Joins. Subqueries in Non-SELECT Queries. UPDATE with FROM. Inserting Data Using SELECT. Creating Tables Using SELECT. Summary. Data Types. Purpose of Data Types. Installed Types. Character String. Number. Temporal. Logical. Geometric. Network. Internal. Type Conversion Using CAST. Support Functions. Support Operators. Support Variables. Arrays. Large Objects (BLOBs). Summary. Transactions and Locks. Transactions. Multistatement Transactions. Visibility of Committed Transactions. Read Committed and Serializable Isolation Levels. Locking. Deadlocks. Summary. Performance. Indexes. Unique Indexes. CLUSTER. VACUUM. VACUUM ANALYZE. EXPLAIN. Summary. Controlling Results. LIMIT. Cursors. Summary. Table Management. Temporary Tables. ALTER TABLE. GRANT and REVOKE. Inheritance. Views. Rules. LISTEN and NOTIFY. Summary. Constraints. NOT NULL. UNIQUE. PRIMARY KEY. Foreign Key/REFERENCES. Modification of Primary Key Row. Multicolumn Primary Keys. Handling NULL Values in the Foreign Key. Frequency of Foreign Key Checking. CHECK. Summary. Importing and Exporting Data. Using COPY. COPY File Format. DELIMITERS. COPY Without Files. Backslashes and NULL Values. COPY Tips. Summary. Database Query Tools. Psql. Query Buffer Commands. General Commands. Output Format Options. Output Format Shortcuts. Variables. Listing Commands. Large Object Commands. Psql Command-line Arguments and Start-up File. Pgaccess. Summary. Programming Interfaces. C Language Interface (LIBPQ). Pgeasy (LIBPGEASY). Embedded C (ECPG). C++ (LIBPQ++). Compiling Programs. Assignment to Program Variables. ODBC. Java (JDBC). Scripting Languages. Perl. TCL/TK (PGTCLSH/PGTKSH). Python. PHP. Installing Scripting Languages. Summary. Functions and Triggers. Functions. SQL Functions. PL/PGSQL Functions. Triggers. Summary. Extending POSTGRESQL Using C. Write the C Code. Compile the C Code. Register the New Functions. Create Operators, Types, and Aggregates. Summary. Administration. Files. Creating Users. Creating Databases. Access Configuration. Local. Host and Hostssl. User Mappings. Examples. Backup and Restore. Server Start-up and Shutdown. Monitoring. Performance. System Tables. Internationalization. Upgrading. Summary. Additional Resources. Mailing List Support. Supplied Documentation. Commercial Support. Modifying the Source Code. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs). Installation. Getting POSTGRESQL. Creating the POSTGRESQL User. Configuration. Compilation. Installation. Initialization. Starting the Server. Creating a Database. PostgreSQL Nonstandard Features by Chapter. Reference Manual. ABORT. ALTER GROUP. ALTER TABLE. ALTER USER. BEGIN. CLOSE. CLUSTER. COMMENT. COMMIT. COPY. CREATE AGGREGATE. CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER. CREATE DATABASE. CREATE FUNCTION. CREATE GROUP. CREATE INDEX. CREATE LANGUAGE. CREATE OPERATOR. CREATE RULE. CREATE SEQUENCE. CREATE TABLE. CREATE TABLE AS. CREATE TRIGGER. CREATE TYPE. CREATE USER. CREATE VIEW. createdb. createlang. createuser. DECLARE. DELETE. DROP AGGREGATE. DROP DATABASE. DROP FUNCTION. DROP GROUP. DROP INDEX. DROP LANGUAGE. DROP OPERATOR. DROP RULE. DROP SEQUENCE. DROP TABLE. DROP TRIGGER. DROP TYPE. DROP USER. DROP VIEW. dropdb. droplang. dropuser. ecpg. END. EXPLAIN. FETCH. GRANT. initdb. initlocation. INSERT. ipcclean. LISTEN. LOAD. LOCK. MOVE. NOTIFY. pg_ctl. pg_dump. pg_dumpall. pg_passwd. pg_upgrade. pgaccess. pgtclsh. pgtksh. postgres. postmaster. psql. REINDEX. RESET. REVOKE. ROLLBACK. SELECT. SELECT INTO. SET. SHOW. TRUNCATE. UNLISTEN. UPDATE. VACUUM. vacuumdb. Bibliography. Index. 0201703319T04062001

Abstract: A first embodiment of the invention provides a system that automatically classifies documents in a collection into clusters based on the similarities between documents, that automatically classifies new documents into the right clusters, and that may change the number or parameters of clusters under various circumstances. A second embodiment of the invention provides a technique for comparing two documents, in which a fingerprint or sketch of each document is computed. In particular, this embodiment of the invention uses a specific algorithm to compute the document's fingerprint. One embodiment uses a sentence in the document as a logical delimiter or window from which significant words are extracted and, thereafter, a hash is computed of all pair-wise permutations. Words are extracted based on their weight in the document, which can be computed using measures such as term frequency and the inverse document frequency.

Abstract: A method and system for performing a pattern match search for a data string having a plurality of characters separated by delimiters. In accordance with the method of the present invention a search key is constructed by generating a full match search increment comprising the binary representation of a data string element, wherein the data string element comprises all characters between a pair of delimiters. The search key is completed by concatenating a pattern search prefix to the full match search increment, wherein the pattern search prefix is a cumulative pattern search result of each previous full match search increment. A full match search is then performed within a lookup table utilizing the search key. In response to finding a matching pattern within the lookup table, the process returns to constructing a next search key. In response to not finding a matching pattern, the previous full match search result is utilized to process the data string.

Abstract: Chinese is written without using spaces or other word delimiters. Although a text may be thought of as a corresponding sequence of words, there is considerable ambiguity in the placement of boundaries. Interpreting a text as a sequence of words is beneficial for some information retrieval and storage tasks:for example, fulltext search, word-based compression, and keyphrase extraction. We describe a scheme that infers appropriate positions for word boundaries using an adaptive language model that is standard in text compression. It is trained on a corpus of presegmented text, and when applied to new text, interpolates word boundaries so as to maximize the compression obtained. This simple and general method performs well with respect to specialized schemes for Chinese language segmentation.