TL;DR: Eleven basic and seven advanced delegation patterns extracted from current delegation mechanisms in RBAC and workflow systems are presented.
Abstract: The best practices in workflow techniques might be constructed as workflow patterns. Van der Aalst and Russel categorized and discussed workflow patterns about several perspectives such as control flow, data, resources and exception handling. Delegation behavior is an important issue in modern workflow system. Although Russel described “resource delegation pattern” in his work, more patterns about delegation need be studied. In this paper, we present eleven basic and seven advanced delegation patterns extracted from current delegation mechanisms in RBAC and workflow systems. All the patterns are clarified with examples; on the other hand, the issues along with the patterns such as restrictions, the delegation operation adopted, etc. are also discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate how the level of spillovers and the degree of product differentiation affect the owner's decision and find that owners face a prisoner's dilemma when the spillover is very small or when the products are sufficiently differentiated.
Abstract: This paper extends the literature on strategic delegation to a model with a semi-delegation structure. We investigate how the level of spillovers and the degree of product differentiation affect the ownerʼs decision. It is found that owners face a prisonerʼs dilemma when the spillover is very small or when the products are sufficiently differentiated. Concerning behavior, managers act less aggressively in the pure market, where there are delegated-firms, than in the mixed market, where entrepreneurial and managerial firms co-exist. Furthermore, we highlight the existence of ambiguous areas where delegations make firms profitable, but unable to generate desirable welfare.