TL;DR: This article investigated the relative contribution and trade-off effects of children's knowledge and reading skill in text comprehension in a single study and found that reading skill contributes to comprehension independent of domain knowledge.
Abstract: Although the concept of general reading skill has been assumed to be the primary contribution to comprehension, a demonstration that reading skill contributes to comprehension independent of domain knowledge has been lacking. This research investigates the relative contribution and trade‐off effects of children's knowledge and reading skill in text comprehension in a single study. Children in Grades 4 through 7, grouped as high or low reading skill and high or low knowledge on the basis of a domain‐specific topic, participated in this study. Comprehension was measured in two parallel texts: one domain specific and one domain general. The results suggested that domain knowledge and reading skill can be traded in order to achieve similar levels of comprehension. Reading skill compensates for deficient knowledge and specific knowledge compensates for deficient reading ability.
TL;DR: This study showed that men with low educational level and low socio-economic status had inadequate information about the risk factors involved in CHD.
Abstract: Background: The aim of the present study was to determine whether certain background factors such as gender, education and social status were associated with an individual's knowledge of coronary h ...
TL;DR: The authors explored the influence of cultural knowledge on the translation performance of German students of English and found that insufficient knowledge affected the students' translation behavior negatively in several ways, actual renderings often failed to reveal that they were based on deficient knowledge.
Abstract: The article describes a study exploring the influence of cultural knowledge on the translation performance of German students of English. The study found that the students often lacked sufficient knowledge about British culture to deal with widely‐used cultural concepts. Even though insufficient knowledge affected the students' translation behaviour negatively in several ways, actual renderings often failed to reveal that they were based on deficient knowledge. The findings suggest that factual reference sources have an important role to play in translation activities, and that process‐oriented classroom approaches are necessary to detect overtly correct solutions based on insufficient cultural knowledge.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors performed content validation of the defining characteristics of the deficiency knowledge diagnosis regarding coronary disease and myocardial revascularization, and found that the defining characteristic "inappropriate or exaggerated behaviors" (0.34) was insufficient to characterize the diagnosis under study.
Abstract: Objective: Perform content validation of the defining characteristics of the “deficient knowledge” diagnosis regarding coronary disease and myocardial revascularization. Methods: Fehring’s Content Validation Model was used in this research. Fifty nurses took part in the students, all of them experts in Nursing Diagnosis, Cardiology and/or Educational Sciences. Results: The defining characteristics considered most important were: verbalization of the problem (0.96), inaccurate performance of test (0.83) and expressing an incorrect perception about one’s health state (0.83). Conclusion: The defining characteristic “inappropriate or exaggerated behaviors” (0.34) was considered insufficient to characterize the diagnosis under study. The results of this study can contribute to the adequate application of the studied diagnosis and support clinical validation studies.
TL;DR: As the results demonstrate, knowledge about phytopharmaceuticals among primary care physicians is deficient, regardless of the institution where they work.
Abstract: OBJECTIVES To analyze the proportion of primary care physicians from the Health System in the State of Morelos with knowledge about phytopharmaceuticals, and to explore some factors related to this knowledge. MATERIAL AND METHODS Through a descriptive, transversal and prospective study, physicians who work in the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, in the Secretaria de Salud in the State of Morelos, and in private practice, an "adequate knowledge" was conveyed when 70% or more answers were correct and "deficient knowledge," when this proportion was lower than 70%. A bivariated analysis was used in order to determine association and statistical differences. RESULTS A total of 264 physicians were included. The majority (90.2%) fell in the group of "deficient knowledge," and only 9.8% fell into the "adequate knowledge" group. An association was found between the possession of adequate knowledge and private physicians (PR = 4.66, CI = 95%), as well as deficient knowledge and working in a morning shift (PR = 2.92, CI = 95%). CONCLUSIONS As the results demonstrate, knowledge about phytopharmaceuticals among primary care physicians is deficient, regardless of the institution where they work.