TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the technical and economic evaluation of the following test techniques: chain drag, sonic reflection, ultrasonic transmission, microseismology, resistivity, electrical potential, radar, and thermography.
Abstract: Information on the condition of bridge decks is required for reasons of safety and to develop a comprehensive program of maintenance, rehabilitation, and replacement. Where the deck has a bituminous surfacing, detecting deterioration in the concrete slab presents serious technical difficulties. In many cases, existing procedures are not adequate to produce reliable information. This paper reports the technical and economic evaluation of the following test techniques: chain drag, sonic reflection, ultrasonic transmission, microseismology, resistivity, electrical potential, radar, and thermography. All of the techniques were investigated under controlled conditions at a full-scale test site. The results were compared with the criteria devloped for an ideal test method. Radar and thermography were found to have the most potential for development into routine operational procedures for detecting deterioration in asphalt-covered bridge decks. Also, additional development work needed was identified. (Author)
TL;DR: In this paper, a roofing structure is disclosed having a layer of blocks of insulating material supported on a roof deck and featuring a hermetic seal encapsulating a limited part of the insulation material layer and which completely envelopes selected insulation blocks covering at least portions of the deck periphery to effect wind uplift resistance.
Abstract: A roofing structure is disclosed having a layer of blocks of insulating material supported on a roof deck and featuring a hermetic seal encapsulating a limited part of the insulating material layer and which completely envelopes selected insulation blocks covering at least portions of the deck periphery to effect wind uplift resistance.
TL;DR: In this article, a mower head has a deck with at least three sides and at least one side wall depending from the deck, and a cutting blade is rotatably mounted to the deck on an axis extending through the deck.
Abstract: A mower head has a deck with at least three sides and at least one side wall depending from the deck. A cutting blade is rotatably mounted to the deck on an axis extending through the deck. The deck is disposed above and generally parallel to the blade. A guard assembly includes an actuating member mounted on the deck. The guard is attached to the actuating member and pivotally attached to the deck via a hinge along two sides of the deck. A flap depends from the guard. A flap also depends from one of the three sides of said deck. A top surface of the guard and a top surface of the deck can be located in the same plane. In a second embodiment, the guard includes a first wall having a plurality of angled sections which matingly interconnect with angled sections of one of the deck sides. In a third embodiment, the top surface of the guard and the top surface of the deck are located in different planes.
TL;DR: A running board and lighting assembly for mounting to a vehicle and in which the running board includes a deck and an elongate plate extending angularly from an edge of the deck is described in this article.
Abstract: A running board and lighting assembly therefor for mounting to a vehicle and in which the running board includes a deck and an elongate plate extending angularly from an edge of the deck. A pair of inwardly turned flanges are formed integrally with the plate extending longitudinally of the deck and parallel thereto to form a channel at the edge of the plate adjacent the deck to slidably receive a light strip or other slidable element.
TL;DR: In this article, a cantilever mobile marine rig with hydraulic load equalizer is described, where the hydraulic cylinder and piston assemblies each have substantially the same effective area and are interconnected.
Abstract: Disclosed is a cantilever mobile marine rig with hydraulic load equalizer. The rig includes a deck structure and a cantilever assembly slidingly mounted on the deck structure. The hydraulic load equalizer includes a plurality of hydraulic cylinder and piston assemblies positioned between the deck structure and the cantilever assemblies. The hydraulic cylinder and piston assemblies each have substantially the same effective area and are interconnected so as to allow substantially free and unimpeded flow of hydraulic fluid among the cylinder and piston assemblies.
TL;DR: A running board construction for mounting to a vehicle includes an elongate deck and at least one bracket extending beneath and transverse to the deck, the bracket being attachable to the frame of the vehicle for mounting the running board to the vehicle.
Abstract: A running board construction for mounting to a vehicle includes an elongate deck and at least one bracket extending beneath and transverse to the deck, the bracket being attachable to the frame of the vehicle for mounting the running board to the vehicle. A single channel is formed integrally with the underside of the deck in substantially the center of the deck and a pair of flanges are also formed integrally with the deck and spaced to both sides of the channel. The channel slidingly receives a bolt for fastening the bracket to the underside of the deck and the flanges extend to a lower elevation than the channel, such that when the bolt is tightened, the bracket is bowed beneath the deck.
TL;DR: In this article, an apparatus and method for drilling and completing a subsea well located at the seabed using a retrievable piping deck is described. But this method requires a large number of well heads and a plurality of Christmas trees.
Abstract: An apparatus and method for drilling and completing a subsea well located at the seabed using a retrievable piping deck. The apparatus includes a template supported on the seabed, the retrievable piping deck supported on the template, a plurality of wellheads supported on the template and a plurality of Christmas trees supported on the wellheads. The piping deck has preinstalled flow lines and hydraulic lines to conduct well fluid from the Christmas trees to the surface and to conduct hydraulic control fluid from the surface to the trees. In addition to the Christmas trees, a well fluid manifold and a gaseous-liquid component separator can be supported on the template. The fluid connections between the Christmas trees and the hydraulic and flow lines and between the manifold and separator and the hydraulic and flow lines are accomplished by vertically oriented stab-in connectors. After installation of the template and drilling of the wells, the piping deck is lowered independently to the template and coupled thereto and then the Christmas trees and manifold-separator are lowered to the template and into fluid communication with the piping deck hydraulic and flow lines.
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of post-tensioning to increase the strength of steel beams in beam and concrete-slab bridges is shown to be feasible with only minor deck cracking.
Abstract: The use of post-tensioning to increase the strength of steel beams in beam and concrete-slab bridges is shown to be feasible. The purpose of the study is to determine a technique for increasing the capacity of the bridges to meet today's loadings. The results of testing a half-scale model of an existing bridge indicate that post-tensioning can be used with only minor deck cracking. Comparisons of the data from the model with results using orthotropic plate theory indicate that this theory can be used as a preliminary design methodology for determining the required prestress force and its location for strengthening existing bridges.
TL;DR: In this paper, a helicopter deck is designed for offshore oil drilling/production platforms and provided with a fire extinguishing system, where a gutter is provided around the periphery of the deck and a grate is subdivided into sector units (10') comprising parallel diagonal ribs.
Abstract: A helicopter deck (1) preferably for use on offshore oil drilling/production platforms and provided with a fire extinguishing system. The periphery of the deck is provided with a gutter (2) having one, and preferably several, down pipes (3) distributed around the periphery of the deck. Centrally in the deck, water discharge orifices (4) are provided, supplied with water under pressure for flooding the deck surface (5). Control levers (6) are arranged at the periphery of the deck for controlling the supply of water under pressure to the water discharge orifices (4) via valves. On the surface of the deck (5), a grate (7) is provided, preferably subdivided into grate sector units (10') comprising parallel diagonal ribs (8) which together with diagonal ribs in adjacent grate sector units (10') surround the water discharge orifices (4). Each diagonal rib (8) forms an acute angle relative to the deck surface (5), the angle facing toward the water discharge orifices (4), said ribs being supported and spaced a distance above the deck surface (5) by spacer members (9) which form watertight walls dividing the deck surface (5) into sectors (10). The water discharge orifices discharge in a horizontal, radial direction beneath the diagonal ribs (8).
TL;DR: In this paper, a ham mold assembly consisting of a flat supporting deck to carry several rows of equally spaced ham moulds is described, where each mould base can transmit pressure to the cover of a mould on a similar lower deck via a hole through the deck.
Abstract: A pressing assembly for ham moulds etc. The assembly comprises a flat supporting deck to carry several rows of equally spaced moulds. Each mould base can transmit pressure to the cover of a mould on a similar lower deck via a hole through the deck. As relative vertical movements between a mould and its supporting deck takes place, a vertical guide restricts any sideways movement. Pref. each mould has at least one vertical leg fixed on the underside of the mould base. The leg extends through the hole in the deck and has its lower end fixed to the cover of a mould on the deck below. In this case the leg serves as the vertical guide and sideways movement is restricted by the interior surface of the hole. Each deck pref. has downwardly turned side flanges which have a vertical length greater than that of the leg plus the attached mould cover, i.e. if the assembly is placed ina flat surface each mould rests on the deck with the attached cover suspended clear of the flat surface. A considerable number of moulds can be handled simultaneously throughout a number of operations e.g. moulding, pressing, cooking, demoulding.
TL;DR: A bridge module as discussed by the authors comprises two longitudinal box girder structures (32) and an intermediate deck formed of deck plates (33), which are foldably connected one along each side of the deck and are foldable between an operative position and a closed position.
Abstract: A bridge module (30) comprises two longitudinal box girder structures (32) and an intermediate deck formed of deck plates (33). The box girder structures (32) are foldably connected one along each side of the deck and are foldable between an operative position in which the box girder structures (32) offer extensions of the deck surface on either side for use and a closed position is which the box girder structures (32) are folded beneath the deck. The box girder structures (32) have recessed fastening means (53) to allow the module to be lifted from a pallet in its closed position and opened to the operative position while being lifted.
TL;DR: In this article, a pneumatic jack is attached to the vehicle body through a bent return lever consisting of two unequal arms and is attached at its bend to vehicle body about an axis parallel to the hinge axis of the hatchback.
Abstract: A balancing device consists of at least one balancer, for example a pneumatic jack, one end of which is connected to the deck lid by a swivel joint and whose other end is hinged to the vehicle body. The balancer is hinged to the vehicle body through a bent return lever consisting of two unequal arms and is attached at its bend to the vehicle body about an axis parallel to the hinge axis of the hatchback. The end of the arm oriented toward the axis forms a hinge for the said other end of the balancer while the end of the other arm of the bent lever is in contact with the concave cam surface of a cam attached to the deck lid.
TL;DR: In this article, an apparatus for delivering a stream of green pellets has a wide belt conveyor and a vibrating conveyor having a deck for supporting green pellets and conveying the green pellets to the wide belt conveor in a direction of conveyance over a discharge edge.
Abstract: An apparatus for delivering a stream of green pellets has a wide belt conveyor and a vibrating conveyor having a deck for supporting the green pellets and conveying the green pellets to the wide belt conveyor in a direction of conveyance over a discharge edge. The discharge edge has an adjustable configuration and extends at an acute angle to the conveyance direction across the conveyance surface of the wide belt conveyor whereby the green pellets discharged over the edge form a layer on the conveyance surface. A plurality of parallel deck bars are axially slidably connected to the vibrating conveyor deck and have end portions protruding therefrom in the conveyance direction, the protruding deck bar ends defining the discharge edge. The deck bars are connected to drives for axially sliding the deck bars for adjusting the discharge edge configuration.
TL;DR: The two-storey rail transport wagon for carrying road vehicles is in two parts (A,B) each having four columns as discussed by the authors, the top of the central columns (2) carry pivot points for the upper deck (1) while the outer columns (6) have a vertical groove (7) in which a guide pin runs.
Abstract: The two storey rail transport wagon for carrying road vehicles is in two parts (A,B) each having four columns. The top of the central columns (2) carry pivot points (3) for the upper deck (1) while the outer columns (6) have a vertical groove (7) in which a guide pin runs. The upper deck can be raised or lowered, for loading the wagons, by means of a rope winch. The deck is locked by levers which locate in pockets in the columns.
TL;DR: In this paper, a rotatable and expandable drum comprising a substantially rigid cylindrical deck having a precisely formed peripheral deck edge and an inflatable bladder assembly positioned slightly axially and radially inwardly subjacent the deck edge which cooperate to define a precise fold line along the deck edges at which a ply or belt band or the like is precisely and sharply folded.
Abstract: A belt, band or other tire component folding machine and method are characterized by a rotatable and expandable drum comprising a substantially rigid cylindrical deck having a precisely formed peripheral deck edge and an inflatable bladder assembly positioned slightly axially and radially inwardly subjacent the deck edge which cooperate to define a precise fold line along the deck edge at which a ply or belt band or the like is precisely and sharply folded. Preferably, dual inflatable bladders are employed at each end of the deck, one bladder being contiguous to the other and arranged on inflation to walk up the precisely formed and contoured deck edge to turn up the overhanging band end, and the other arranged to push the first bladder axially inwardly to complete the fold of the band flat upon itself. A preferred form of deck comprises a plurality of readily replaceable segments which are mounted in a self-aligning manner on a radially expandable and rotatable hub. Each segment includes a pair of interfitting outer deck sections which are movable axially of the drum towards and away from each other to expand and contract the width of the deck in precise increments. Various forms of the deck further comprise spring gap shields or elastic gap spanning bands which circumscribe the deck at the deck edges. The various components are readily interchangeable with components of different sizes and adjustable to accommodate different sizes of tire components.
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of a deformable connection on the stress level and deflections of composite beams is investigated by the folded plate theory from which a versatile method of analysis is developed.
Abstract: In the case of a composite bridge beam, a perfect connection between the steel and concrete components exists only theoretically. In some types of connector design a rigid connection is achieved, others are more deformable and so a certain slip of the concrete deck with respect to the steel flange is inevitable. The problem is described as more severe when fewer connectors than the number required for full interaction are used. The influence of a deformable connection on the stress level and deflections of composite beams is investigated by the folded plate theory from which a versatile method of analysis is developed. Conclusions and recommendations for practical use of the method, derived from a parametric study, are also presented. (Author/TRRL)
TL;DR: In this article, a convergent series solution using the concept of equivalent orthotropy is employed to analyze continuous composite bridges under static loads, and the effect of the interaction between prestressing a portion of the deck slab and shear connectors in the region of the intermediate supports is examined.
Abstract: A convergent series solution, using the concept of equivalent orthotropy, is employed to analyze continuous composite bridges under static loads. The effect of the interaction between prestressing a portion of the deck slab and shear connectors in the region of the intermediate supports is examined. It is shown that prestressing the deck slab increases substantially the cracking load as well as the stiffness of such bridges. Results from tests on two bridge models verify and substantiate the theoretical analysis.
TL;DR: An apparatus for classifying granular material comprises an outer frame and an inner frame, a screen deck mounted in the inner frame; apparatus suspending the inner frames and deck from the outer frame; resilient apparatus mounting the deck on the innerframe; apparatus for vibrating the at least one screen at the high frequency and in a generally vertical plane and apparatus for applying the lower frequency motion to the upper frame and deck in a general horizontal plane.
Abstract: An apparatus for classifying granular material comprises an outer frame and an inner frame, a screen deck mounted in the inner frame; apparatus suspending the inner frame and deck from the outer frame; resilient apparatus mounting the deck on the inner frame; apparatus for vibrating the at least one screen at the high frequency and in a generally vertical plane and apparatus for applying the lower frequency motion to the inner frame and deck in a generally horizontal plane.
TL;DR: A suspension bridge has a first deck 10 supported from a pair of suspension cables 14 and 15 by hangers 12 and 13 and a second deck 11 independently supported from an independent pair of suspended cables 18 and 19 by Hangers 20 and 21.
Abstract: A suspension bridge has a first deck 10 supported from a pair of suspension cables 14 and 15 by hangers 12 and 13 and a second deck 11 independently supported from a pair of suspension cables 18 and 19 by hangers 20 and 21. The two parallel decks are separated by a gap whose width is not less than that of either of the decks and is preferably three or more times the width of a deck. The decks are joined at intervals diagonal shear braces so that the two decks behave essentially as a single rigid body in regard to rotation in the plane of Figure 2. This results in very high aerodynamic damping of both torsional and bending modes of oscillation.
TL;DR: In this article, the packing is of unitary structure formed of hard material, and is formed with a groove for receiving lower end portion of the glass panel, and grooves for receiving end portions of the inner and outer deck covers.
Abstract: A balustrade for a passenger conveyor includes a glass panel, an inner deck cover located inside the glass panel, an outer deck cover located outside the glass panel, and a packing mounted between the glass panel and the inner and outer deck covers. The packing is of unitary structure formed of hard material, and is formed with a groove for receiving a lower end portion of the glass panel, and grooves for receiving end portions of the inner and outer deck covers. The packing is bolted to a support bed at its side while holding the glass panel at its lower portion.
TL;DR: In this paper, a horizontal resting deck (9) for a respective step (2) and a first wall (3) including a vertical cylindrical portion is made rigid, on the convex side thereof, with said resting deck and extends above the latter.
Abstract: The support comprises a horizontal resting deck (9) for a respective step (2). A first wall (3) including a vertical cylindrical portion is made rigid, on the convex side thereof, with said resting deck (9) and extends above the latter. An additional wall (8) including a vertical cylindrical portion extends fixedly below the resting deck (9) with its concave side facing the convex side of the first wall. Said additional wall (8) has an outer surface (42) matching the outer surface (40) of the first wall (3).
TL;DR: In this article, the bow and side deck structures forming a part of the rigid body structure of an air cushion vehicle include a tubular circular section chine member supported outwardly from a buoyancy tank structure.
Abstract: Bow and side deck structures forming a part of the rigid body structure of an air cushion vehicle include a tubular circular section gunwale member and a tubular circular section chine member supported outwardly from a buoyancy tank structure which forms the base of the rigid body structure by frame members to which they are attached by welding. The bow and side deck structures are completed by hull plating attached to the gunwale, chine and frame members. The buoyancy tank structure may include unstiffened extruded deep I-section beams.
TL;DR: In this paper, an offshore drilling and production platform pass through openings in the decks of the platform and the openings are sealed off to prevent spreading of hot and/or noxious fluids from one deck to another.
Abstract: Conductor pipes on an offshore drilling and production platform pass through openings in the decks of the platform. The openings are to be sealed off to prevent spreading of hot and/or noxious fluids from one deck to another. The sealing means consists of two annular elements arranged around a conductor and connected to the conductor and the deck, respectively, thereby forming an annular trough in which one of the elements protrudes. The trough is filled with a flexible substance, such as a silicone foam.
TL;DR: In this paper, a trussed trussed girder having an upper chord and a lower chord which are connected with one another by girder members and having a vertical cross section substantially in the shape of a triangle having an apex pointing downwardly, the deck section of the platform structure being provided by the upper chords of the girder.
Abstract: Floating platform structure comprising a deck section and a support section supporting the deck section. The floating structure is manufactured in the shape of a trussed girder having an upper chord and a lower chord which are connected with one another by girder members and having a vertical cross section substantially in the shape of a triangle having an apex pointing downwardly, the deck section of the platform structure being provided by the upper chords of the girder. The buoyancy means of the platform structure are found in the upper portions of the girder members and the ballast means in the lower portions of the girder members and optionally in the lower girder chord. The support section comprises groups of at least three girder members each, said members converging from the deck downwardly towards a common point and being fixedly connected with one another in a junction point in or adjacent the convergency point. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention each group of girder members comprises four members presenting an upside down orientated pyramid, and two of the girder members in each pyramid meet two corresponding girder members of an adjacent girder member pyramid or group at the deck section.
TL;DR: Precast concrete deck modules have been used on such diverse projects as expressway bridges in Pennsylvania and California and railroad bridges in British Columbia and Delaware as discussed by the authors, and their value is demonstrated on bridges that must carry traffic for some portion of every 24-h period.
Abstract: Replacement of deteriorated and obsolete bridge decks is requiring increased attention from design and construction engineers. The need to shorten the time the bridge is closed to traffic has led to the use of precast concrete deck systems. Their value is demonstrated on bridges that must carry traffic for some portion of every 24-h period. Precast deck modules have been used on such diverse projects as expressway bridges in Pennsylvania and California and railroad bridges in British Columbia and Delaware. The Santa Fe Railroad has begun a multiyear program to replace timber decks with precast concrete on its 32 miles of bridges that have timber-deck and steel-girder designs. The precast deck modules used on these projects were produced at the site or produced at multipurpose plants and shipped to the bridge site. Placement was made with combinations of welded, epoxy, and cement-grouted connections. This paper reports on the state of the art of precast concrete deck replacements, their application in reconstruction, and their influence on deck design in new construction. (Author)
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a cargo transporting vehicle (10) having a main cargo supporting deck (11) above which is disposed a removable secondary deck (25) which may be of more than one level.
Abstract: A cargo transporting vehicle (10) has a main cargo supporting deck (11) above which is disposed a removable secondary deck (25) which may be of more than one level. This secondary deck is preferably constituted by deck elements (26) which can move over rolling elements (23) mounted in tracks (18) secured to the sides of the cargo receiving space. Alternatively the deck elements are supported on height adjustable shelves or similar. The secondary deck (25) may be of unitary construction and in this instance it may be elevated up to the roof of the vehicle when not in use.
TL;DR: Combination airplane tow bar, platform and step stool structure for attending to small aircraft is described in this paper, which includes an upper deck member having depending side flanges inset from each side edge thereof with each flange extending beyond the end edge of the deck member and terminating in a rounded apertured end.
Abstract: Combination airplane tow bar, platform and step stool structure for use in attending to small aircraft. The platform includes an upper deck member having depending side flanges inset from each side edge thereof with each flange extending beyond the end edge of the deck member and terminating in a rounded apertured end. Leg assemblies are pivoted to the ends of the flanges for movement between a position perpendicular to the deck member for use of the device as a seat, step stool, elevated platform or the like and a position extending longitudinally outwardly of the deck member for use of the device as an airplane tow bar. One of the leg assemblies includes a latch structure for connection with an aircraft to enable the aircraft to be towed. The latch structure may include a spring latch depending on the aircraft attachment. Both leg assemblies can be pivoted into overlying relation to the deck member for compact storage and when folded, the device forms an effective wheel chock for the aircraft.
TL;DR: In this paper, a monitoring cabin is provided at the tip of each expandable wing to reduce the hull resistance due to the wind pressure, while when passing through a narrow water path or entering/departing from the port it is expanded to assure the sufficient view for monitoring.
Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce the hull resistance due to the wind pressure normally while to achieve the sufficient view for monitoring at the entering and departure from the port, by providing wings expandable to the side from a fixed wings at the bridge narrower than the width of the deck CONSTITUTION:A bridge 3 is provided as the upper structure on the deck 1 having the width narrower than that of the deck while the wings 5 expandable to the side are provided at both sides of the bridge 3 A monitoring cabin 6 is provided at the tip of each expandable wing 5 Normally said wing is contacted and contained to reduce the hull resistance due to the wind pressure, while when passing through a narrow water path or entering/departing from the port it is expanded to assure the sufficient view for monitoring
TL;DR: In this paper, the hull of a windsurf board is transformed into a catamaran, and the two shells are retained together by fastenings, but can be released and retained parallel to one another by a deck (20).
Abstract: The hull can transform a windsurf board into a catamaran. The board has two shells (1,2) which are mirror images and form the board when assembled. The two shells are retained together by fastenings, but can be released and retained parallel to one another by a deck (20) to form a catamaran. The two shells may be rotated through 90 degrees between their connected and separated positions. The fastenings can be formed by inserts with double flanges engaging in shaped apertures in the boards.