Showing papers on "Dacus published in 1978"
TL;DR: Examination of the ovaries of female olive flies from wild populations on Corfu during the summer months of 1975 indicated that all were non‐gravid for a period of several weeks during June and July and the terminal follicles were resorbed.
Abstract: . 1. Examination of the ovaries of female olive flies (Dacus oleae) from wild populations on Corfu during the summer months of 1975 indicated that all were non-gravid for a period of several weeks during June and July and the terminal follicles were resorbed.
2. Experiments in outdoor cages indicated that olive fruits could stimulate ovarian development during the summer months.
3. Experiments in constant temperature cabinets indicated that high temperatures (i. e. 26–29°C) in conjunction with a low humidity (45 ± 5°%) inhibited ovarian maturation.
4. Whereas the presence of olive fruits offset the effects of temperature and humidity on ovarian development at 26°C in all flies, at 29°C very few were able to mature their ovaries.
5. It is suggested that it is the interaction of temperature, humidity and access to fruit which determine when ovarian maturation ceases and recommences during the summer months.
90 citations
TL;DR: Sexually mature virgin females of the oriental fruit fly and the melon fly were attracted by live males of their respective species in laboratory bioassays in 16-dm3 cages.
Abstract: Sexually mature virgin females of the oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, and the melon fly, D. cucurbitae Coquillett, were attracted by live males of their respective species in laboratory bioassays in 16-dm3 cages. The gland complex of the rectal sac of the male oriental fruit fly, suspected as the source of an olfactory pheromone, was highly attractive to female oriental fruit flies. Similar glands of male melon flies were only weakly attractive to melon fly females but produced strong responses from female oriental fruit flies, which also responded positively to live melon fly males. Female melon flies showed no such interspecific response.
74 citations
TL;DR: Proteinaceous food baits in water traps were 20X more efficient in trapping oriental fruit flies, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, in a dry climate than in a wet climate.
Abstract: Proteinaceous food baits in water traps were 20X more efficient in trapping oriental fruit flies, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, in a dry climate (less than 25 cm avg annual rainfall) than in a wet climate (400 cm). Greater efficiency also was observed in a dry climate with the melon fly, D. cucurbitae Coquillett, and the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann).
42 citations
TL;DR: When specific lure chemicals were placed in open, insecticide‐free, observation chambers, male fruit flies entered the chambers in the early part of the day and departed later in the same day and these results were considered in relation to theories concerning the natural significance of lure chemicals, and to a possible control method.
Abstract: When specific lure chemicals were placed in open, insecticide‐free, observation chambers, male fruit flies entered the chambers in the early part of the day and departed later in the same day. Peak attraction of Dacus tryoni (Froggatt) to cuelure was earlier in the day than peak attraction of Dacus cacuminatus (Hering) to methyl eugenol. For both species attraction peaks occurred earlier in the day during summer than during spring. These results are considered in relation to theories concerning the natural significance of lure chemicals, and to a possible control method.
36 citations
TL;DR: It was found that chemical stimuli have the greatest effect on oviposition regulation of wild and laboratory‐cultured olive fruit flies, Dacus oleae (Gmelin), and fruit surface smoothness has a significant regulatory effect.
Abstract: The effect of some chemical and physico-tactile characters of the olive fruit surface were studied with respect to oviposition regulation of wild and laboratory-cultured olive fruit flies, Dacus oleae (Gmelin). It was found that chemical stimuli have the greatest effect. Up to 100% inhibiton of oviposition can be obtained with unsuitable chemical properties of the fruit surface. These chemical stimuli are perceived by antennal and tarsal receptors. Fruit surface smoothness also has a significant regulatory effect. This character is perceived by antennal receptors only. Hardness of fruit has no effect at all.
RESUME
REGULATION DE LA PONTE PAR LES CARACTERISTIQUES DIVERSES DES OLIVES CHEZ DACUS OLEAE (GMELIN)
On a etudie l'effet d'un certain nombre de caracteristiques chimiques et physico-tactiles de la surface des olives sur la regulation de la ponte de populations naturelles et de laboratoire de la mouche des olives, Dacus oleae. On a constate que c'etaient les stimuli chimiques qui avaient l'effet le plus important. On peut obtenir une inhibition de la ponte allant jusqu'a 100% si la surface du fruit a des proprietes chimiques defavorables. Ces stimuli chimiques sont percus par des recepteurs antennaires et tarsaux. Le degre de rugosite de la surface a aussi un effet regulateur important. Ce caractere est percu uniquement par des recepteurs antennaires. La durete du fruit n'a aucun effet.
19 citations
TL;DR: Inheritance of resistance to the fruit fly Dacus cucurbitae Coq.
Abstract: Inheritance of resistance to the fruit fly Dacus cucurbitae Coq., was studied in intervarietal crosses of watermelon Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf. Two sources of resistance J 18-1 and J 56-1 were used. The resistance of watermelon to the fruit fly was controlled by a single dominant gene. The symbol Fwr has been proposed to denote the resistant gene.
16 citations
TL;DR: Thirteen-year-old boy’s first taste of Chinese food is revealed.
Abstract: 久米島での不妊虫放飼実験のためのウリミバエ大量飼育法を設定するため,大量採卵法を検討した。飼育個体群のとう汰を避けることに留意したが,野生の成虫は産卵開始が緩漫で,採卵能率上,とう汰して産卵前期間を短縮させることはやむを得なかった。しかし,従来は人工採卵器に適応させるためのとう汰も必要としたと考えられるが,筆者の採卵器はカボチャ果汁で濡らしたちり紙で内張りし,産卵孔を潤すことによって野生の成虫からもよく採卵できた。なお,この採卵器は内張り材料をポリエチレン網に変えることによって,使用方法を簡易化することができた。成虫の飼料は蔗糖とたん白質加水分解物を分別給与するよりも,混合して与えるのが良いことを認めた。飼料のたん白分および飼育箱の収容虫数を多くすることは,成虫の排泄物による箱内の汚れを増して長期間の飼育採卵を困難にするが,短期間に多量に採卵する上には得策と考えられた。試作大型飼育箱による採卵実験によって大量採卵の可能性を確認するとともに,小型飼育箱との比較から,飼育箱の成虫収容能力は箱の容積よりも内壁面積に比例すると推測した。この結果に基き,週450万個を採卵する方法を計画し,そのための成虫飼育箱を設計した。今後の課題として能率面での改良のほか,個体群とう汰軽減の見地から成虫の液状飼料の使用方法を再検討すること,飼育個体群への野生虫の遺伝形質の補給手段,大量採卵用とは別に遺伝形質・習性保持のための飼育システムを設けることなどが重要と考えた。
16 citations
15 citations
TL;DR: Inhibition of growth of Dacus oleae larvae in untreated green olive fruits occurred in a high percentage when the parents were treated, in the laboratory, with 1% streptomycin sulphate plus a spreader‐wetter.
Abstract: Inhibition of growth of Dacus oleae larvae in untreated green olive fruits occurred in a high percentage when the parents were treated, in the laboratory, with 1% streptomycin sulphate plus a spreader-wetter in the following ways: – (a) brief immersion of the olives in which the parent insects grew as larvae; (b) brief immersion as fully grown larvae; (c) spraying of adults; (d) allowing parent females to oviposit for a few hours in treated olives, prior to ovipositing in untreated ones. In the last case, the degree of inhibition of progeny growth was related to the time between the maternal treatment and the birth of the progeny.
RESUME
INHIBITION DU DEVELOPPEMENT LARVAIRE DE DACUS OLEAE (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) PAR LA STREPTOMYCINE II. EFFET DU TRAITEMENT DES PARENTS
Le developpement larvaire de Dacus oleae dans des olives vertes non-traitees est inhibe a un pourcentage eleve quant les parents ont ete traites, au laboratoire, avec 1% de sulfate de streptomycine associe a un produit dispersant-mouillant, selon les modalites suivantes: (a) immersion breve des olives dans lesquelles les parents se sont developpes comme larves; (b) immersion breve des larves a developpement complet; (c) pulverisation des adultes; (d) oviposition des femelles pour quelques heures dans des olives traitees, avant de pondre dans des olives non-traitees. Dans ce dernier cas, l'inhibition de la descendance fut influencee par le temps separant le traitement de la mere et la naissance de la descendance.
9 citations
TL;DR: When powdered sugarcane bagasse was substituted for wheat shorts in the larval diet of the oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, satisfactory development of larvae was obtained only when the yeast level was increased from 3–9% and when at least 3% wheat germ was added.
Abstract: When powdered sugarcane bagasse was substituted for wheat shorts in the larval diet of the oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae), satisfactory development of larvae (compared with the Hawaii standard diet) was obtained only when the yeast level was increased from 3–9% and when at least 3% wheat germ was added. Insufficient wheat germ caused decreasing of yields of pupae and eggs in each of 3 successive generations. Fecundity and fertility were increased by adding wheat germ oil to the enzymatic protein hydrolysate of yeast in the adult diet.
8 citations
TL;DR: It’s time to get used to the idea of “snowboarding”.
Abstract: 沖繩本島のウリミバエ個体数推定の一環として,那覇市付近の夏期のウリミバエ生息数をマーキング法をもちいて推定した。その結果,ウリミバエにとって比較的好適なすみ場所と思われる森林と宅地のまじった地域では,1ヘクタールあたり200∼300匹,不適と思われる墓地ではそのほぼ半分の個体が生息していたと推定された。なお,生存率は両者ともあまり差がなく,1日あたり約0.8であった。以上の推定値はモニタートラップ間およびステーション間の比較から,ある程度信頼のおけるものであると考えられた。また他地域との比較においても,ほぼ妥当な値であることがわかった。
1 Jan 1978
TL;DR: The results obtained showed that this insect prefers to pupate at 2 cm and 3 em soil depth, and the pupae were also found to be almost evenly distributed under the trees.
Abstract: Penyelidikan mengenai pertaburan kepompong Dacus dorsalis Hendel berkaitan dengan pokok-pokok perumah dan ujian paras dalam kepompongan ditanah telah dijalankan. Sampel-sampel daripada pokok betik menunjukkan kelebihan bilangan kepompong (P
TL;DR: There was evidence that the rate of oviposition in the wet season fell off as fruit became scarcer towards the end of the season.
Abstract: Extraction of eggs of Dacus tryoni from fruit was aided by first identifying oviposition sites with a water-soluble dye and then digesting the fruit tissue around the oviposition site with a mixture of enzymes consisting of equal parts of 1% pectinase and 1% cellulase. The numbers of eggs laid per week were estimated by a formula that incorporated the numbers of hatched and unhatched eggs present on one occasion each week, the proportion of fertile eggs in each variety of fruit, and the development time of eggs.Many more eggs were laid in an orchard in New South Wales, Australia, in a wet year (1966–1967) than in a dry year (1965–1966). This was due in part to a larger population of adults that migrated into the orchard in the wet year and to the fact that fruit remained on the trees longer. There was evidence that the rate of oviposition in the wet season fell off as fruit became scarcer towards the end of the season. Aggressive behaviour of females on fruit and movement of gravid females away from the o...
TL;DR: A bran‐based medium for larvae of D. tryoni was evaluated and found to be equivalent to the currently used carrot‐basedmedium.
Abstract: A bran‐based medium for larvae of D. tryoni was evaluated and found to be equivalent to the currently used carrot‐based medium. A colony of D. tryoni has been reared for nine generations on the bran medium. Copyright
TL;DR: It is confirmed that BST-3 will have no shortage of suppliers, but how many?
Abstract: 久米島での不妊虫放飼実験のためのウリミバエ大量飼育法を設定するため,幼虫の飼育法を検討した。飼育上の新手法として,卵をトマトジュースと混ぜて幼虫培地に接種する方法と,室温の一時的引き下げによる老熟幼虫の回収促進法を見出し,これらを飼育実験に用いた。幼虫培地はふすまを基材としたが,大豆粕の加用によってたん白質含量を増し,それに伴い蔗糖含量にも検討を加えた結果,老熟幼虫脱出の集中度と回収虫数が向上した。供試培地中のBST-3が大量飼育用として実用的であると認めたが,この培地は1mlあたり7匹から8匹近くが回収でき,そのとき平均蛹重が15mgを割らず,卵-蛹収率も70%強であった。この培地は初代飼育での卵-蛹収率も50∼60%と高かった。この培地の生産力に基き,1箱から老熟幼虫50万匹が回収できる幼虫大量飼育箱を設計した。将来の飼育能率高度化への試みとして,特に栄養的成分量を増した培地による高密度飼育を行った。ここでは培地の過熱が著しかったが,前記の培地BST-3に比べて1mlあたりの回収虫数は2倍近くに達し,卵-蛹収率も劣らず,蛹や成虫にも幼虫培地の過熱の悪影響は見られなかった。
TL;DR: An egg-seeding method shown in Fig. 1.
Abstract: An egg-seeding method shown in Fig. 1. has been established. Under this method the eggs can be dispensed within 20 minutes on the media for producing one million mature larvae. This method may be further developed into a fully automatic method provided some improved dispensing nozzle is used and handling of trays of larval media is mechanized.
31 Dec 1978
TL;DR: Das trachealsystem des letzten Larvenstadiums von Dacus (S.) cucurbitae Coquillett wurde eingehend untersucht und ein Vergleich mit dem tracheal system anderer cyclorrhapher Larven angestellt, um die zugrunde liegenden Homologien herauszuarbeiten und das Grundmuster der Konstruktion verstandlich zu machen.
Abstract: Das Trachealsystem des letzten Larvenstadiums von Dacus (S.) cucurbitae Coquillett wurde eingehend untersucht und ein Vergleich mit dem Trachealsystem anderer cyclorrhapher Larven angestellt, um die zugrunde liegenden Homologien herauszuarbeiten und das Grundmuster der Konstruktion verstandlich zu machen.
31 Dec 1978
TL;DR: Das Trachealsystem des letzten Larvenstadiums von Dacus (S.) cucurbitae Coquillett wurde eingehend untersucht und ein Vergleich mit dem Trachealystem anderer cyclorrhapher Larven angestellt um die zugrunde liegenden Homologien herauszuarbeiten.
Abstract: Das Trachealsystem des letzten Larvenstadiums von Dacus (S.) cucurbitae Coquillett wurde eingehend untersucht und ein Vergleich mit dem Trachealsystem anderer cyclorrhapher Larven angestellt um die zugrunde liegenden Homologien herauszuarbeiten und das Grundmuster der Konstruktion verstandlich zu machen.
01 Jan 1978-Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A-toxic\/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering
TL;DR: The authors found that females who were mated with males treated either with tepa in drinking water or with gamma irradiation were significantly less likely to oviposit than those who were treated with untreated males.
Abstract: Laboratory‐reared virgin females of 3 species of Tephritidae oviposited significantly fewer eggs than similar previously mated females. Melon flies, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, were most affected (3.0X more eggs for mated females), and Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), were least affected; oriental fruit flies, D. dorsalis Hendel, were in between. Numbers of eggs laid by females mated with males treated either with tepa in drinking water or with gamma irradiation were not significantly different from those laid by females mated with untreated males. Thus, mating per se was important in enhancing oviposition regardless of the fertility of the males.
TL;DR: It’s time to dust off the dustbin lids and clean up the mess.
Abstract: 沖繩県久米島におけるウリミバエの不妊虫放飼根絶事業の一環として,種々の温度における蛹の発育日数の調査と羽化日の調整法についての実験を行ない,以下のような結果を得た。(1) 各温度(t°)における蛹の相対的発育速度(V)からV=0.58t-5.32の直線回帰式を得た。発育零点は9.16°Cであった。幼虫の跳び出しから羽化までの有効積算温度は平均172.7日度であった。(2) 各温度における相対的発育速度を使って発育段階の異なる5つの個体群を同時に羽化させることができた。また発育速度から羽化日の予測ができるようになり,要求される日に羽化日を持って行くことが可能となった。