Abstract: Crushed leaves of an Australian plant, Zieria smithii (Andrews) (Fam. Rutaceae), attract fruit flies. The essential oils of samples of this plant collected in Queensland and Victoria consisted of ca. 85% O-methyl eugenol, 7% safrole, and 8% (-) -inalool. Field studies indicated that the fruit flies which responded were males of Dacus (Strumeta) cacuminatus (Hering) and that it was O-methyl eugenol which attracted them to the plant.

Abstract: The effect of gamma radiation administered to newly emerged adults of Dacus cucumis French on sterility and competitiveness was evaluated. A dose of 11 krad caused almost complete sterility in males while females given 6 krad were totally sterile, through infecundity. Sterilized males showed reduced competitiveness. In competitive mating tests a dose of 7 krad gave the lowest egg hatch and this hatch was significantly lower than that given by 9 and 11 krad. In a paired comparison mating test, 7 and 9 krad treated males mated significantly less frequently than untreated males, but the ability of 6 krad treated males was unimpaired. Copyright

Abstract: The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), the melon fly, Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, and the oriental fruit fly, D. dorsalis Hendel, three Hawaiian tephritids of economic importance, were exposed to traps each containing one of 232 ethyl ether extracts of air-dried botanicals. The principal concern was to establish which extracts were attractive judged on the basis of an index determined by the number of times more flies were attracted to the trap baited with water and extract than were attracted to traps baited with water only. Female Mediterranean fruit flies were attracted to 61 extracts and melon fly females to 31 extracts. Female oriental fruit flies were not much attracted. Many extracts were attractive to males of the three species. The extract of Coffea robusta Linden (Family Rubiaceae) was the only material attractive to both sexes of all three species.

Abstract: Aerial sprays of thickened cue-lure + 5% naled applied at rates of 0.8, 2.0, 3.4, 8.5 lb of formulation/mile2 reduced populations of the male of Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett by 92, 97, 93, and 95%, respectively, for 11–15 days in a 4-mi2 plot. Replicated small-plot tests (3–30 treated leaves/site) showed that small volumes of formulation at a site had reduced effectiveness. Small-plot data also demonstrated that toxicity was lost before attraction at sites treated with small volumes of formulation. However, in terms of number killed per unit of lure, numerous small deposits are more efficient initially than fewer large ones.

Abstract: A plastic gallon trap with a dichlorvos plastic strip (Shell’s Vapona No Pest®) that provided fumigant action was as effective or more effective than the McPhail glass trap in trapping the oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis Hendel, and melon fly, D. cucurbitae Coquillett. However, the glass trap was more effective in attracting and trapping the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis Capitata (Wiedemann).

Abstract: Sympatric populations of D. tryoni and D. neohumeralis are difficult to completely distinguish taxonomically. Using five pigmentation characters, each of some taxonomic value, a small proportion of individuals cannot be assigned to either species nor definitely classified as hybrids. To aid in species discrimination and hybrid identification gene frequencies in natural populations were estimated at three polymorphic protein loci, an alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh), an octanol dehydrogenase (Odh) and an esterase (E-2). Samples of flies were taken from four sites spread over 1200 miles along the Australian eastern coast.

Abstract: Three natural populations of Dacus oleae have been sampled for six electrophoretically detected polymorphic genes. The distributions of the allele frequencies in the different populations were analyzed by the method suggested by Lewontin and Krakauer (1973) (the variation in space one) in order to test for selective neutrality. This method, however, which in our case showed that one or more genes are or have been subjected to selection, does not permit estimation of the number of selected loci. An improvement of this method is proposed that permits a minimum estimation of the selected genes. About a third of them seem to be selected in our material. In our case however, where a cytological analysis is not possible, genes are not differentiated from possible inversions including these genes.

Abstract: The effectiveness of ethylene dibromide (EDB) fumigation on the developmental stages of a fruit fly, Dacus tryoni (Froggatt), in oranges was investigated. The larval stage was the most tolerant to EDB fumigation, with no difference between young and old larvae. An EDB dose schedule based on 24 g/m3 at 20°C killed 266,998 larvae in oranges without a survivor.

Abstract: 久米島でのウリミバエ根絶のための不妊虫放飼実験に先だち,1972年12月より抑圧防除を行った。1. 抑圧防除前(1970年6月から1972年11月まで)の久米島におけるウリミバエ個体数は2∼3月と7∼8月に少なく,5∼6月と11月頃にピークとなった。もっとも多い時期で1日1,000トラップあたり約1,000匹であった。2. 月平均最高気温が31°C以上および月平均最低気温が14°C以下となると誘殺数は減少した。3. 1972年12月から1973年6月までと,1974年1月から3月まで,キュールア97%とジブロム3%の混合剤24gを含ませた,6cm×6cm×9mmのテックス板を1月1haあたり1.85枚から2.77枚の割合で空中投下したが,十分な抑圧効果は得られなかった。4. 1973年3月から6月まで,久米島の2地域に通常の10倍量のテックス板を空中投下したところ,誘殺虫数は通常散布区の10分の1程度に減少したが十分ではなかった。5. 1974年6月より1975年1月まで月2回,プロテイン剤(140倍アンバーBYF 100水溶液にマラチオン(800倍)を加えたもの)560,700lをウリミバエ多発生地域のヤブを中心にhaあたり80lの割合で,スピードスプレイヤーで散布した。さらに1974年10月から12月までは,キュールア97%とジブロム3%の混合剤2gをしみ込ませた直径5mm,長さ5cmの木綿ロープも1月1haあたり40本の割合で空中投下し,1日1,000トラップあたり50匹以下の誘殺虫数に下げることができた。

Abstract: 1) ミカンコミバエDacus dorsalis HENDELの生活史の経過にともなういろいろの行動の日周りリズムを,N-LD, N-DD, N-LL, 25°C-DDおよび25°C-LL条件下で調べた(Nは温度が自然条件,LDは日長が自然条件,DDは全暗黒でLLは全照明を示す)。2) 産卵活動には,1日のうちで最も気温と照度の高い12∼16時にピークがみられた。3) ふ化には,日周期性はみられなかった。4) 幼虫のとび出し行動(土中で蛹化するために,餌よりとび出す行動)は,25°C-DDおよび25°C-LLにおいて日周期性はみられなかった。N-LDおよびN-DD(11月下旬)では,日の出前後にピークがみられたが,N-DDでは,N-LDよりピークが少しおくれた。N-LLでは,夜間の低温中のとび出しが多かったが,決まった時刻にピークはみられなかった。5) 卵から羽化まで25°C-DDおよび25°C-LLに保つと,羽化に日周期性はみられなかったが,N-LD, N-DDおよびN-LL(11月上旬)において,10時頃に羽化のピークがみられた。6) 幼虫期の環境リズムによって羽化時刻は決定されるが,蛹期の環境の影響によって変更されると考えられる。7) 幼虫のとび出しまたは培地からの人為的な取り出しと羽化の間には,かならずしも一定の位相関係を認めることはできなかった。

Abstract: The growth of larvae of the olive fruit fly, Dacus oleae (Gmelin), in picked green olives could be inhibited if the olives were dipped briefly into 1% and 5% streptomycin sulphate solutions in tap water plus a spreader-wetter (Tzanakakis & Stavrinides, 1973). The percent of fruits in which larval growth was inhibited varied with the time between treatment and oviposition. A small preliminary experiment of treating the fruit on the trees is reported here. Sixteen fruit-bearing twigs, (A-P), accessible from the ground, were selected on the periphery of four neighbouring olive trees in a grove of Halkidiki (N. Greece). The exposure of each twig is shown in Fig. 1. Two trees were of the variety Megaritiki and two of Koutsourelia. Inhibition of larval growth by treating fruit with streptomycin in the laboratory had been proved with olives of both these varieties (Tzanakakis & Stavrinides, 1973). For each tree, the following procedure was followed: In mid-September, four twigs were selected, each bearing 31-169 fruits. After removing fly-infested fruits, the twigs were covered with a dense muslin of synthetic material. On 4.X.1973 two twigs were uncovered and the fruit was sprayed to run-off, with a small low pressure hand sprayer. Surrounding foliage was also by necessity sprayed but not necessarily to run-off. One twig received 1% streptomycin sulphate solution in tap water plus 0.05% Agral 90 (a spreader-wetter), and the other (control) only water plus Agral 90. After allowing approximately 15-30 min for the spray to dry, the twigs were caged again to protect them from infestation by olive fruit flies in the grove. A week later, female flies of a laying age were introduced to each caged twig. Seven flies on the Megaritiki