Topic
Dactyloctenium
About: Dactyloctenium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 92 publications have been published within this topic receiving 806 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
TL;DR: After one season the low input approach to the establishment of vegetation on mine and coal ash wastes in semi-arid regions appears to have been reasonably successful and observations in subsequent years confirm this view.
Abstract: 1. A low input, and hence low cost, approach to the establishment of vegetation on mine and coal ash wastes in semi-arid regions is advocated and a specific methodology proposed. The aim of such an approach is to accelerate the process of succession leading to the formation of a mature, self-sustaining ecosystem. This approach is illustrated by its application to a tin mine tailings dam in Zimbabwe. 2. Chemical analysis of the tailings indicated that deficiencies of P, K, Ca, Mg, S and micronutrients, together with aluminate toxicity associated with high pH, might be responsible for the paucity of natural colonization. Phosphorus fixation was shown to be minimal, indicating that low application rates of P could be used to eliminate this deficiency. 3. Glasshouse and field trials showed the tin waste to be extremely N-deficient. One species of grass (Cynodon dactylon) responded to additions of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg and micronutrients, whereas an adapted species (Dactyloctenium giganteum) only responded to N, P and K. 4. Glasshouse species selection trials, with the addition of essential nutrients, showed that most indigenous plants could grow on the waste, but that herbaceous legumes were more sensitive than grasses or trees. 5. Despite the hot, dry conditions, approximately 40% vegetative cover was established at the end of the first season, using a moderate rate of compound fertilizer, and a mixture of adapted trees, grasses and legumes. Selection of rhizobium bacteria under high glasshouse temperatures, using N-deficient tin waste, was successful in that nodules were observed on site. Evaluation of indigenous tree species on site showed that leguminous species were better able to survive. 6. After one season the low input approach appeared to have been reasonably successful and observations in subsequent years confirm this view.
63 citations
TL;DR: Cytological studies in 49 taxa belonging to 27 genera and 39 species of grasses from the plains and hills of North India have been carried out and new chromosome numbers have been made available for 8 more species.
Abstract: Cytological studies in 49 taxa belonging to 27 genera and 39 species of grasses from the plains and hills of North India have been carried out. One species Agropyron striatum has been cytologically investigated for the first time and new chromosome numbers have been made available for 8 more species. These species are: Agrostis semiverticillata (n=21), Helictotrichon virescens (n=21), Dactyloctenium aristatum (n=20), D. sindicum (n=10), Festuca modesta (n=7), Sporobolus.fimbriatus (n=27), Oryzopsis munroi (n=12), and Paspalidium flavidum (2n=44). Accessory chromosomes have been reported for the first time in Phleum himalaicum, Agropyron striatum, Polypogon fugax and phalaris minor.
57 citations
TL;DR: Three fungi indigenous to Florida, Drechslera gigantea, Exserohilum longirostratum, and E. rostratum were isolated from large crabgrass, crowfootgrass, and Johnsongrass and were nonpathogenic to the crop species tested, including Poaceae members.
56 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The period within 20 to 50 DAS appeared to be an important factor in crop weed competition in dry direct-seeded rice.
Abstract: Weeds are a serious biological constraint to rice production. The establishment of critical period of weed competition is central in the development of an effective weed management program. A field study was carried out to determine the critical period of weed competition in three cultivars of fine direct-seeded rice viz. Super Basmati, Basmati 2000 and Shaheen Basmati. Weeds were allowed to initially grow and compete with rice for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 days after sowing (DAS) and a season long competition plot was also maintained. Weed flora of the experimental site comprised of Echinochloa crus-galli, E. colona, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Leptochloa chinensis, Eleusine indica, Cyperus rotundus and C. iria and Trianthema portulacastrum, Ipomoea aquatica and Portulaca oleracea. The highest weed density was recorded between 20 and 30 DAS for all cultivars while maximum weed biomass was recorded at 50 DAS. Yield losses due to weed-crop competition were most pronounced during the period from 30 to 50 DAS. Rice yield continued to decline as the duration of weed competition increased. Weed competition beyond 20 DAS resulted in drastic reduction in the number of panicles m -2 and grains panicle -1 that accounted for lower rice yield. Broadleaved weeds represent >50% of total weed dry biomass in Super and Shaheen Basmati during early season while grasses and sedges contributed over 80% at harvest, with grasses alone contributing by ca. 65%. The period within 20 to 50 DAS appeared to be an important factor in crop weed competition in dry direct-seeded rice.
56 citations
TL;DR: Although each country studied or a region within a country has a particular set of weeds causing severe infestation, in general the species of greatest importance common to the whole of the area studied include Cynodon dactylon, Cyperus rotundus, Phragmites australis, and Setaria verticillata.
Abstract: A list of weeds of agricultural areas in the central, southern and eastern Arabian Peninsula is presented along with the maximum intensities of weed infestation resulting from these plants. Although each country studied or a region within a country has a particular set of weeds causing severe infestation, in general the species of greatest importance common to the whole of the area studied include Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Cyperus rotundus L., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin., Convolvulus arvensis L., Portulaca oleracea L., Amaranthus graecizans L., Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) P. Beauv. Echinochloa colonum (L.) Link. and Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.
53 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 2 |
| 2020 | 2 |
| 2019 | 5 |
| 2018 | 3 |
| 2017 | 6 |
| 2016 | 1 |