Topic
Cyphostemma
About: Cyphostemma is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 33 publications have been published within this topic receiving 653 citations.
Papers
TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis of the combined data provided a fairly robust phylogeny for Vitaceae, which shows complex multiple intercontinental relationships within the northern hemisphere and between northern and southern hemispheres.
Abstract: Seventy-nine species representing 12 genera of Vitaceae were sequenced for the trnL-F spacer, 37 of which were subsequently sequenced for the atpB-rbcL spacer and the rps16 intron. Phylogenetic analysis of the combined data provided a fairly robust phylogeny for Vitaceae. Cayratia, Tetrastigma, and Cyphostemma form a clade. Cyphostemma and Tetrastigma are each monophyletic, and Cayratia may be paraphyletic. Ampelopsis is paraphyletic with the African Rhoicissus and the South American Cissus striata nested within it. The pinnately leaved Ampelopsis form a subclade, and the simple and palmately leaved Ameplopsis constitutes another with both subclades containing Asian and American species. Species of Cissus from Asia and Central America are monophyletic, but the South American C. striata does not group with other Cissus species. The Asian endemic Nothocissus and Pterisanthes form a clade with Asian Ampelocissus, and A. javalensis from Central America is sister to this clade. Vitis is monophyletic and forms a larger clade with Ampelocissus, Pterisanthes, and Nothocissus. The eastern Asian and North American disjunct Parthenocissus forms a clade with Yua austro-orientalis, a species of a small newly recognized genus from China to eastern Himalaya. Vitaceae show complex multiple intercontinental relationships within the northern hemisphere and between northern and southern hemispheres.
182 citations
TL;DR: The phylogenetic analyses have confirmed the monophyly of the Cayratia-Cyphostemma-Tetrastigma (CCT) clade and resolved CayRatia into three lineages: the African Cay ratia clade, subg.
62 citations
TL;DR: A study of 252 extant seeds representing all 15 genera of Vitaceae was conducted with attention to morphological characters and seed coat anatomy, implying overlapping seed morphology implies a closer relationship among these genera, but in other cases it probably reflects convergent or parallel evolution.
Abstract: Seeds of Vitaceae can be easily recognized by their unique features, a pair of ventral infolds and a dorsal chalaza knot, but the inter- and intrageneric morphological variation in seed morphology has not been explored in detail. To facilitate identification of genera based on seed morphology, a study of 252 extant seeds representing all 15 genera of Vitaceae was conducted with attention to morphological characters and seed coat anatomy. Principal-component analyses were employed to assess the variation of seed morphology. Shape and position of ventral infolds and chalaza, shape of ventral-infold cavities, and testa anatomy are characters that can generically differentiate vitaceous seeds. Typically, seeds of Leea, Cissus, Cyphostemma, Tetrastigma, Rhoicissus, and Cayratia have a long or linear chalaza, whereas those of the rest of the family usually have an oval chalaza. Nevertheless, some seed forms occur in more than one genus, and some genera possess more than one seed form. The overlapping seed morph...
55 citations
TL;DR: Parsimony based studies of character evolution suggested that 5-merous flowers, leaf-opposed inflorescences, and a hermaphroditic sexuality are ancestral character states in the family.
Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships of 34 species and 11 out of 14 Vitaceae genera, were evaluated using parsimony and Bayesian analyses of four plastid DNA sequence regions (trnL intron, trnL-trnF spacer, atpB-rbcL spacer, and rps16 intron). Vitaceae were shown to be monophyletic and at infrafamilial level, well-supported groups included a Cayratia-Cyphostemma-Tetrastigma clade, an Ampelopsis-Cissus striata-Rhoicissus clade, and a Nothocissus-Pterisanthes clade. However, the relationships among the remaining genera remained unresolved. Cyphostemma, Tetrastigma, and Vitis were clearly monophyletic, while both Ampelopsis and Cayratia were paraphyletic and Cissus was polyphyletic. Parsimony based studies of character evolution suggested that 5-merous flowers, leaf-opposed inflorescences, and a hermaph- roditic sexuality are ancestral character states in the family. Keywords—Bayesian inference, cpDNA, molecular phylogenetics, parsimony, Vitaceae.
45 citations
TL;DR: The results show potential antineoplastic activity, indicating some scientific validation for traditional usage of Zulu medicinal plants and the antiproliferative activity in vitro against HepG2 cells was determined.
Abstract: Aqueous and methanol extracts of nine traditional Zulu medicinal plants, Cissus quandrangularis L., Cyphostemma flaviflorum (Sprague) Descoings, Cyphostemma lanigerum (Harv.) Descoings ex Wild & Drum, Cyphostemma natalitium (Szyszyl.) J. v. d. Merwe, Cyphostemma sp., Rhoicissus digitata (L. F.) Gilg & Brandt, Rhoicissus rhomboidea (E. Mey. Ex harv.) Planch, Rhoicissus tomentosa (Lam.) Wild & Drum, R. tridentata (L. F.) Wild & Drum and Rhoicissus tridentata (L. F.) Wild & Drum subsp. cuneifolia (Eckl. & Zeyh.) N. R. Urton, all belonging to the Vitaceae family, were evaluated to determine their therapeutic potentials as antineoplastic agents. The antiproliferative activity in vitro against HepG2 cells was determined. Twenty-two of the twenty-seven crude plant extracts showed activities ranging from 25% to 97% inhibition of proliferation when compared with the control which showed no inhibitory activity. Higher degrees of growth inhibition were found in aqueous root extracts in comparison with the methanol extracts of the same plant parts. The results show potential antineoplastic activity, indicating some scientific validation for traditional usage.
39 citations
Related Topics (5)
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 1 |
| 2020 | 1 |
| 2019 | 1 |
| 2018 | 2 |
| 2017 | 1 |
| 2016 | 1 |