Topic
Cyclostomatida
About: Cyclostomatida is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 3 publications have been published within this topic receiving 13 citations. The topic is also known as: Cyclostomata.
Papers
TL;DR: Of the species reported here, only one has previously been found outside the exploration area, highlighting both the limited knowledge the authors have of bryozoans in the deep Pacific and/or a fauna that is largely endemic to the nodule environment.
Abstract: This work describes Bryozoa of the orders Cyclostomata and Ctenostomata found associated with polymetallic nodules collected by box-coring in the eastern part of the Russian exploration area of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCFZ) under contract to Yuzhmorgeologiya. Scanning electron microscopic study of 358 cyclostome colonies and 14 ctenostome colonies from 4510–5280 m depth has resulted in the recognition of two new species of Ctenostomata, and 14 new species, nine new genera and two new families of Cyclostomata; three additional species of Cyclostomata are left in open nomenclature pending the discovery of missing reproductive characters. The taxonomic novelty is thus notable. One of the new Ctenostomata represents the first living example of the previously monotypic Late Cretaceous genus Pierrella . Twelve of the new cyclostome taxa have well-developed gonozooids, indicating that embryonic cloning (polyembryony) is normal in this deep-sea environment. On the other hand, one indeterminate tubuliporine and two rectangulates have dimorphic peristomes. In the latter two cases, enough mature colonies were found to suggest that this feature is normal, and that the dimorphic zooids are possibly female—in other words, capacious incubation chambers are apparently lacking, and therefore polyembryony would also be lacking or reduced. In one of these species, evidence is presented to suggest that the ancestrular zooid can reproduce precociously. Of the species reported here, only one has previously been found outside the exploration area, highlighting both the limited knowledge we have of bryozoans in the deep Pacific and/or a fauna that is largely endemic to the nodule environment. An additional 31 species of Cheilostomata have also been discovered that will be described in a subsequent publication. Most bryozoans are macrofaunal-sized, so are both inadequately determinable and overlooked in images obtained by remotely operated vehicles; yet, with 50 species, Bryozoa is the most speciose sessile macrofaunal phylum on the nodules. Nodules constitute hard substrata in an area otherwise mostly inhospitable for Bryozoa, hence mining would lead to loss of critical habitat. Further, as suspension-feeders, bryozoans are highly susceptible to smothering by suspended sediment, and non-mined areas closely adjacent to extraction zones would likely also be affected and their associated bryozoan fauna obliterated. More data are required on the distribution of the CCFZ bryozoan species elsewhere in the east Central Pacific to determine if mining would lead to local taxon extirpation or global extinction at both low and high taxonomic levels.
76 citations
TL;DR: The deep-water Oculina coral reefs on the continental shelf off the east central coast of Florida are a unique protected marine habitat and the bryozoan fauna is dominated by encrusting cribrilinid bryozoans, which include two new species of Puellina and three other Floridan-Atlantic shelf PUEllina only recently described.
Abstract: The deep-water Oculina coral reefs on the continental shelf off the east central coast of Florida are a unique protected marine habitat. A complete inventory of the Oculina-associated fauna is important to support its conservation. This paper provides an inventory of the bryozoans of the Oculina reef area. Unusually, the bryozoan fauna is dominated by encrusting cribrilinid bryozoans. These include two new species of Puellina and three other Floridan-Atlantic shelf Puellina only recently described. Additional cribrilinid species belong to the genera Klugerella and Rosulapelta. Other bryozoans found in the habitat include 38 encrusting cheilostome species, six of them new to science, belonging to the genera Callopora, Parasmittina, Parasmittina, Smittina, Microporella and Stephanollona. Cyclostomes were only sparsely represented, comprising three encrusting taxa.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined four species from the phylogenetically and ecologically contrasting family Horneridae (Cancellata) from New Zealand and provided the first detailed ultrastructural description of the hornerid polypide, including tentacles, mouth region, digestive system and the funiculus.
Abstract: Bryozoans are small colonial coelomates whose colonies are made of individual modules (zooids). Like most coelomate animals, bryozoans have a characteristic body wall composition, including an epidermis, an extracellular matrix (ECM) and a coelothelium, all pressed together. The order Cyclostomatida, however, presents the most striking deviation, in which the ECM and the corresponding coelothelium underlying major parts of the skeletal wall epidermis are detached to form an independent membranous sac. It forms a separate, much smaller compartment, suspended in the zooid body cavity and working as an important element of the cyclostome lophophore protrusion mechanism. The polypide anatomy and ultrastructure of this group is best known from studies of one family, the Crisiidae (Articulata). Here, we examined four species from the phylogenetically and ecologically contrasting family Horneridae (Cancellata) from New Zealand, and provide the first detailed ultrastructural description of the hornerid polypide, including tentacles, mouth region, digestive system and the funiculus. We were able to trace continuity and transitions of cell and ECM layers throughout the whole polypide. In addition, we identified that the funiculus is a lumen-free ECM cord with two associated muscles, disconnected from interzooidal pores. Except for funicular core composition, the polypide anatomy of hornerids agrees well with the general cyclostomate body plan.
5 citations
Performance Metrics
| Year | Papers |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 1 |
| 2018 | 1 |
| 2016 | 1 |